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War Department. In time of peace, Army Corps, Divisions, or Brigades will not be formed.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 39; G. O. 10, 1868.]

129. Officers commanding Military Divisions and Departments exercise supervision and command over all the military forces of the United States within their territorial limits, whether of the Line or Staff, where special exception is not made by the War Department.-[G. O. 12, 1869.]

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132. Subject to the approval of the General of the Army, a Division Commander regulates the establishment of military districts and posts, and originates, directs, or approves military operations within his Departments. In case of emergency, he transfers troops from one of his Departments to another requiring re-enforcements.-[Circ. 34, A. G. O., July, 20, 1865.]

133. Division and Department Commanders are expected to decide all matters properly coming within their jurisdiction, or to make appropriate remarks upon such papers as they forward for decision of higher authority.-[Circ. 34, 1865.]

134. A Division Commander decides cases sent him by way of appeal.―[Circ. 34, 1865.]

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137. Department Commanders will exercise a general supervision of all military reservations within the limits of their commands, and will use force to remove squatters or trespassers when, in their judgment, it becomes necessary.-[G. O. 74, 1869.]

138. No squatter or citizen will be permitted to enter or reside upon a Military Reservation unless he be in the employment of the Government, or permitted by the Department Commander, in which case his residence thereon must cease upon his being discharged or the permission withdrawn.-[G. O. 74, 1869.]

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153. On the organization of a regiment, the batteries of Artillery, companies of Infantry, and troops of Cavalry, are permanently designated by letters in alphabetical order. Officers in the first instance are assigned to these subdivisions, and afterward succeed thereto as promoted to fill vacancies. Battalion and parade formations are regulated by the Tactics.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 71.]

154. The Field officers may be assigned by their Department

Commanders wherever their services are most required, provided the assignment is with troops of their own regiments.-[Circ. 29, Hdqrs. Army, 1866.]

155. The commander of a regiment will appoint the Adjutant from the subalterns of the regiment. He will nominate the regimental Quartermaster to the Secretary of War for appointment, if approved. But the rank or appointment of regimental Staff officers shall not be made to date back of the date on which the appointment was actually made.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 73; G. O. 73, 1879.]

156. The commander of a regiment will appoint the non-commissioned Staff of the regiment; and, upon the recommendation of the company commanders, the Sergeants and Corporals of companies.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 73.]

157. A regimental Staff officer who accepts a detail for recruiting or other service which will remove him from the discharge of his Staff duties for any considerable time will be held to have vacated his Staff position from the date he accepts the detail. This does not apply to details on Courts-Martial, Boards, or such like duty.-[G. O. 7, 1875.]

158. Every article belonging to the regiment, excepting arms and accoutrements, is to be marked with the number and name of the regiment.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 85.]

BANDS.

159. When it is desired to have bands of music for regiments, there will be allowed, for each, sixteen privates to act as musicians, in addition to the chief musicians authorized by law, provided the total number of privates in the regiment, including the band, does not exceed the legal standard. Regimental commanders will designate the proportion to be subtracted from each company for a band. -[Regs. 1863, ¶ 81.]

160. The musicians of the band will, for the time being, be dropped from company muster-rolls, but they will be instructed as soldiers, and liable to serve in the ranks on any occasion. They will be mustered in a separate squad under the chief musician, with the non-commissioned Staff, and be included in the aggregate in all regimental returns.-[ Regs. 1863, ¶ 82.]

161. When a regiment occupies several stations, the band will be kept at the headquarters, provided troops (one or more companies) be serving there. The field music belonging to companies not stationed at regimental headquarters will not be separated from their respective companies.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 83.]

REGIMENTAL RECORDS.

162. All orders and circulars from General, Division, Department or Brigade Headquarters will be tied together in book form

and properly indexed as they are received. No expense will be authorized for binding.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 87; G. O. 20, 1876.]

163. The books of the regiment will be a Regimental Order Book, a Regimental Letter Book, a book of Letters Received, and a Descriptive Book, to contain a list of the officers of the regiment, with their rank, and dates of appointment, and promotions, transfers, leaves of absence, and places and dates of birth.

164. One copy of the monthly returns and of the muster-rolls of Field and Staff will be filed.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 88.1

165. The record-books and files of letters will be kept according to the system prescribed in the Adjutant General's Office.-[ Circ. A. G. O., March 1, 1865.]

ARTICLE XIX.

BATTERIES, COMPANIES, AND TROOPS.

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166. In this article, for convenience, the designation company" will be applied equally to the legal organizations known as batteries of Artillery, light or foot; to companies of Infantry and troops of Cavalry.-[A. G. O., May 20, 1871; G. O. 5, 1873.]

167. Captains, although eligible for appointment as Aides-deCamp, and liable to the temporary details of service, as for CourtsMartial, Military Boards, &c., shall not, except for urgent reasons, be detailed upon duties separating them from their companies for any considerable time.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 72; R. S., § 1098.]

NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.

168. Sergeants and Corporals of companies are appointed by the regimental commander, on the recommendation of the company commander. [Regs. 1863, ¶ 73.]

169. The Captain will select the First Sergeant from the Sergeants, and may reduce him to the grade of Duty Sergeant, without reference to other authority.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 80; Gen. of the Army, May 6, 1879.]

170. Every non-commissioned officer shall be furnished with a certificate or warrant of his rank, signed by the Colonel and countersigned by the Adjutant; but a warrant will not be given a First Sergeant as such. Blank warrants, on parchment, are furnished from the Adjutant General's Office.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 80; Gen. of the Army, May 6, 1879.]

171. In case of vacancy, and until a decision can be had from regimental headquarters, company commanders may make temporary appointments of non-commissioned officers.—[Regs. 1863, ` ¶ 74.]

172. Non-commissioned officers may be reduced to the ranks by the sentence of a Court-Martial, or by order of the commander

of the regiment on the application of the company commander. If reduced to the ranks by garrison courts, at posts not the headquarters of the regiment, the company commander will immediately forward a transcript of the order to the regimental commander.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 79.]

173. It is enjoined upon all officers to be cautious in reproving non-commissioned officers in the presence or hearing of privates, lest their authority be weakened; and non-commissioned officers are not to be sent to the guard-room and mixed with privates during confinement, but to be considered as placed in arrest, except in aggravated cases, where escape may be apprehended.— [Regs. 1863, ¶ 78.]

ARTIFICERS AND TRADESMEN.

174. Artificers may be mechanics of any trade that would be necessary in a garrison, or in the field, for the public service. The term "mechanic" does not include clerks.-[Sec. War, Oct. 16, 1871; Regs. 1863, ¶ 84.]

175. Tradesmen may be relieved from ordinary military duty to make, to alter, or to mend soldiers' clothing, &c. Company commanders will fix the rates at which work shall be done, and cause to be deducted and applied out of the pay of the soldier not exceeding twenty-five cents for each coat, and eight cents for each vest, pair of overalls or trowsers.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 123.]

LAUNDRESSES.

176. By act of Congress approved June 18, 1878, women will not be allowed to accompany troops as laundresses. But the regimental commander may, in his discretion, retain as laundress till the end of the soldier's then existing term of enlistment the wife of a soldier at that date allowed to accompany troops.-[G. O. 37, 1878.]

POLICE.

177. The Captain will cause the men of the company to be numbered, in a regular series, including the non-commissioned officers, and divided into four squads, each to be put under the charge of a non-commissioned officer. As far as practicable, the men of each squad will be quartered together.-[Regs. 1863, ¶¶ 90, 92.]

178. In quarters the name of each soldier will be labeled on his bunk, and his company number will be placed against his arms and accoutrements. The arms will be kept in racks, and the bayonets in their scabbards; the accoutrements suspended over the arms, and the swords hung up by the belts on pegs. Fuel will be kept in boxes, and blacking and brushes out of view.—[Regs. 1863, 94, 95, 98.1

179. Each subaltern officer will have charge of a squad, and will be responsible for its order and cleanliness; and Captains will require their subalterns to assist them in the performance of clerical as well as all other company duties.

180. The utmost attention will be paid by commarders of companies to the cleanliness of their men, as to their persons, clothing, quarters, or tents. Where conveniences are to be had, the men should bathe once or twice a week; the feet should be washed at least twice a week. The hair will be kept short, and the beard neatly trimmed. Dirty clothes will be kept in an appropriate part of the knapsack or locker; no article of any kind will be put under the bedding.-[Regs. 1863, ¶¶ 93, 97, 100.]

181. Ordinarily, the cleaning will be on Saturdays. The chiefs of squads will cause bunks and bedding to be overhauled; floors dry-rubbed; tables and benches scoured; arms and accoutrements cleaned; all articles of black leather polished with blacking, and everything put in order.-[Regs. 1863, ¶¶ 99, 104.]

182. Non-commissioned officers, in command of squads, will be held more immediately responsible that their men observe what is prescribed above; that they wash their hands and faces daily; that they brush or comb their heads; that those who are to go on duty put their arms, accoutrements, clothing, &c., in the best order, and that such as have permission to pass the chain of sentinels are in the dress that may be ordered.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 101.]

183. Soldiers will wear the prescribed uniform in camp or garrison, and will not be permitted to keep in their possession any other clothing. When on fatigue parties, they will wear the proper fatigue dress.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 115.]

CARE OF ARMS, AMMUNITION, EQUIPMENTS, ETC.

184. Company and squad commanders will see that all public property in possession of the men is kept in good order, and that articles missing or damaged are duly accounted for.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 102; G. O. 66, 1874.]

185. Arms will not be taken to pieces by soldiers unless by permission of a commissioned officer, nor under any circumstances will attempts be permitted to beautify or change the finish of the exterior by altering the metallic or wooden parts. Arms shall not be left loaded in quarters or tents, or when the men are off duty, except under special orders. The use of tompions in small-arms is prohibited. The surface of the bore will be protected from rust by occasional use of an oiled rag.—[Regs. 1863, ¶¶ 105, 106; G. O. 55, 1875; G. O. 102, 1872.]

186. Special care shall be taken that no ball-cartridges are mixed with the blank-cartridges issued to the men.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 109.] 187. Ammunition will be frequently inspected, and, when necessary, will be exposed to the dry air and sunned. All'ammu

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