session without being again made by the President. When the President of the United States shall meet the Senate in the Senate chamber, the President of the Senate shall have a chair on the floor, be considered as the head of the Senate, and his chair shall be assigned to the President of the United States. When the Senate shall be convened by the President of the United States to any other place, the President of the Senate and senators shall attend at the place appointed. The Secretary of the Senate shall also attend to take the minutes of the Senate.

38.

[21 Aug., 1789-18 Feb., 1843.

Whenever a treaty shall be laid before the Senate for ratification, it shall be read a first time for information only; when no motion to reject, ratify, or modify the whole, or any part, shall be received. Its second reading shall be for consideration and on a subsequent day; when it shall be taken up as in Committee of the Whole, and every one shall be free to move a question on any particular article, in this form: Will the Senate advise and consent to the ratification of this article?" or to propose amendments thereto, either by inserting or leaving out words; in which last case the question shall be, "Shall these words stand as part of the article?" And in every of the said cases, the concurrence of two-thirds of the senators present shall be requisite to decide affirmatively. And when through the whole, the proceedings shall be stated to the House, and questions shall be again severally put thereon for confirmation, or new ones proposed, requir ing, in like manner, a concurrence of two-thirds, for whatever is retained or inserted; the vote so confirmed shall by the House, or a committee thereof, be reduced into the form of a ratification, with or without modifications, as may have been decided; and shall be proposed on a subsequent day, when every one shall again be free to move amendments, either by inserting or leaving out words; in which last case, the question shall be, "Shall these words stand as part of the resolution ?" And in both cases, the concurrence of two

thirds shall be requisite to carry the affirmative, as well as on the final question to advise and consent to the ratification in the form agreed to.

[6 Jan., 1801.

39.--All confidential communications, made by the President of the United States to the Senate, shall be by the members thereof kept secret, and all treaties which may be laid before the Senate shall also be kept secret, until the Senate shall, by their resolution, take off the injunction of secrecy.

[22 Dec., 1800-3 Jan., 1820.

40.--All information or remarks touching or concerning the character or qualifications of any person nominated by the President to office shall be kept a secret.

[3 Jan., 1820.

41.--When acting on confidential or executive business, the Senate shall be cleared of all persons except the Secretary, the principal or executive clerk, the Sergeant-at-arms, and Doorkeeper, and the assistant doorkeeper.

[3 Jan., 1820.

42.——The legislative proceedings, the executive proceedings, and the confidential legislative proceedings of the Senate shall be kept in separate and distinct books.

[19 May, 1789-15 April, 1828.

43.--The President of the United States shall, from time to time, be furnished with an authenticated transcript. of the executive records of the Senate; and all nominations approved or definitely acted on by the Senate shall be returned by the Secretary on the next day after such action is had, unless otherwise ordered by the Senate; but no further extract from the executive journal shall be furnished, except by special order; and no paper, except original treaties, transmitted to the Senate by the President of the United States, or any executive officer, shall be returned or delivered from the office of the Secretary without an order of the Senate for that purpose.

[27 Jan., 1792-27 March, 1818-5 Jan., 1829-6 April, 1867.

44.--When an amendment to be proposed to the Constitution is under consideration, the concurrence of two-thirds of the members present shall not be requisite to decide any question for amendments, or extending to the merits, being short of the final question.

[26 March, 1806.

45.--When any question may have been decided by the Senate, in which two-thirds of the members present are necessary to carry the affirmative, any member who votes on that side which prevailed in the question may be at liberty to move for a reconsideration; and a motion for reconsideration shall be decided by a majority of votes.

[3 Feb., 1801. 46.--Messages shall be sent to the House of Representatives by the Secretary, who shall previously endorse the final determination of the Senate thereon.

[26 March, 1806.

47.--Messengers are introduced in any state of business, except while a question is putting, while the yeas and nays are calling, or while the ballots are counting.

[26 March, 1806.

48.--No person shall be admitted to the floor of the Senate, while in session, except as follows, viz: The officers of the Senate, members of the House of Representatives and their Clerk, the President of the United States and his private secretary, the heads of departments, foreign ministers, ex-Presidents and ex-Vice-Presidents of the United States, ex-senators, senators elect, judges of the Supreme Court, and governors of States and Territories.

[17 March, 1853-23 Jan., 1851-24 Jan., 1854–6 March, 1856–11 Jan., 1859-7 Feb., 1862.

49.--The presiding officer of the Senate shall have the regulation of such parts of the Capitol, and of its passages, as are or may be set apart for the use of the Senate and its officers.

[22 Jan., 1824-14 Feb., 1828.

50.--Whenever a claim is presented to the Senate

and referred to a committee, and the committee report that the claim ought not to be allowed, and the report be adopted by the Senate, it shall not be in order to move to take the papers from the files for the purpose of referring them at a subsequent session, unless the claimant shall present a memorial for that purpose, stating in what respect the committee have erred in their report, or that new evidence has been discovered since the report, and setting forth the new evidence, in the memorial: Provided, That this rule shall not extend to any case where an adverse report, not in writing, shall have been made prior to the 25th day of January, 1842.

[25 Jan., 1842-21 Dec., 1842.

51. Any officer or member of the Senate convicted of disclosing for publication any written or printed matter directed by the Senate to be held in confidence, shall be liable, if an officer, to dismissal from the service of the Senate, and in the ca of a member, to suffer expulsion from the body.

[10 May, 1844.

52. The oath or affirmation prescribed by act of Congress of July 2, 1862, to be taken and subscribed before entering upon the duties of office, shall be taken and subscribed by every senator in open Senate, before entering upon his duties. It shall also be taken and subscribed in the same way by the Secretary of the Senate, but the other officers of the Senate may take and subscribe it in the office of the Secretary.

[25 Jan., 1864.

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