ot representatives years. and been seven years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an in habitant of that State in which he shall be chosen. Apportionment Representatives and direct taxes shall be apand direct taxes. portioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, threefifths of all other persons. The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first meeting of the Congress of the United Census every ten States, and within every subsequent term of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law direct. The number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each State shall have at least one Representative ; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to choose three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five, New York six, New Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five, South Carolina five, and Georgia three. Vacancies, When vacancies happen in the representation from any State, the executive authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies. Representatives The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other officers; and shall have peachments. the sole power of impeachment. how tilled. choose officers and bring im. SECTION III. Senate, how chosen. posed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the legislature thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. Immediately after they shall be assembled in Senators classed consequence of the first election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. The seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the second year; of the second class, at the expiration of the fourth year, and of the third class, at the expiration of the sixth year, so that one-third may be chosen every second year; and if vacancies Vacancies, how happen by resignation or otherwise, during the recess of the legislature of any State, the executive thereof may make temporary appointments until the next meeting of the legislature, which shall then fill such vacancies. No person shall be a Senator, who shall not Quakfication of have attained to the age of thirty years, and been nine years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabi. tant of that State for which he shall be chosen. The Vice President of the United States shall Vice President to be President of the Senate, but shall have no vote, unless they be equally divided. The Senate shall choose their other officers, Officers of Senate. and also a President pro tempore in the absence of the Vice President, or when he shall exercise the office of President of the United States. The Senate shall have the sole power to try all Trial of impeachi. impeachments. When sitting for that purpose, they shall be on oath or affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: and no person shall Senators. preside. ments. Judgment in im. peachments. Effect of. be convicted without the concurrence of two. Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not Elections, when and how held SECTION IV. The Congress shall assemble at least once in Congress Assem. b'e annually. Elections, how judged. SECTION V. returns, and qualifications of its own members, Quorum. and a majority of each shall constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may ad journ from day to day, and may be authorized Ausent members. to compel the attendance of absent members, in such manner, and under such penalties, as Each house may determine the rules of its Rules. Expulsion. to be ed. Each house shall keep a journal of its proceed- Journals kept and publishings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such parts as may in their judgment require secrecy, and the yeas and nays of the Yeas and nays. members of either house on any question shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be entered on the journal. Neither house, during the session of Congress, Adjournments. sball, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the two houses shall be sitting. SECTION VI. The Senators and Representatives shall re- Compensation. ceive a compensation for their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States. They shall in all cases except treason, felony and breach of the peace, Privilegen. . be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of their respective houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any speech or debate in either house, they shall not be questioned in any other place. No Senator or Representative shall, during Members not ap pointed to office. the time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office under the authority of the United States, which shall have been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such time ; and no person holding any office under the United States, shall be a Officers of govern. member of either house during his continuance members in office. ment cannot be SECTION VII. Revenue bills. Bills to be presented to the President. them. Proceedings on All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives ; but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments as on other bills. Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a law, be presented to the President His powers over of the United States ; if he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, with his objections to that house in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the objections at large on their journal, and proceed to reconsider his veto. it. If after such reconsideration two-thirds of that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objections, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be recon. sidered, and if approved by two-thirds of that house, it shall become a law. But in all cases the votes of both houses shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for and against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each house respectively. If Bills to be laws if any bill shall not be returned by the President within ten days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law, in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their adjournment prevent its return, in which case it shall not be a law. Every order, resolution, or vote to which the approved by the concurrence of the Senate and House of Repre. sentatives may be necessary (except on a ques ( tion of adjournment) shall be presented to the not returned in ten days. Joint orders or resolutions to be . |