his own; and that his partner was a certain William Bruster, who was also in town at present, but sick. We have therefore resolved, after having communicated with the Rector Magnifi

said William Bruwer, who is a member of the University, in the place where it is the custom to bring the members thereof: and in regard to William Bruster, to bring him, inasmuch as he is sick, into the debtors' chamber, provisionally, where he went voluntarily. Of which things we have thought proper to inform you, and to await further orders in the matter. September, 19, 1619."

It seems that the officer mistook his man, and arrested another person instead of Brewster. Sir Dudley Carleton says the officer was drunk. On the 23d of September the schepens and council again wrote to Brouckoven, and said:

been done before its promulgation. Thus it was a municipal regulation of the country, binding upon all residents, and no less on foreigners than on natives. The particular works complained of do not appear to have been printed by Brews-cus (the Head of the University), to deliver the ter and Brewer, but it was competent under the law to have the charge inquired into. It is a well known fact that a resident foreigner was arrested in the United States for a libel there on the King of Spain; and within two years past we have seen a Frenchman tried in London for acts committed in England against the Emperor of France. We find in the Dutch case, when the English minister sought to have Brewer sent to England, the authorities refused; and when Brewer himself consented to go, for the purpose of giving testimony, they required bonds for his return. It is undoubtedly true that James I. was courted by Prince Maurice and his party, but it was in a time of intestine discord and religious troubles. Yet the municipality and University of Leyden defended the liberties of their members with as much firmness as was their right. We found, on looking over the archives at the Hague, for the purpose of discovering if possible the proceedings of the States General of Holland and West Friesland on the occasion of the complaint against Brewster, another instance of the interference of the king of England, which is curious as possibly referring to some of the Pilgrims, at the same time that it is illustrative of the jealousy of the authorities at Leyden at any attempt upon their privileges. It is contained in the "Notutes and Resolutions of the Court of Holland," and occurs under the date of the 27th of February, 1612, as follows:

"The President informs the court that Winwood, the English ambassador, complained of the magistrates of Leyden, that they did not do justice, but delayed, without reason, the process against those who had spoken injuriously of the king of Great Britain, and desired a remedy in the premises. It is resolved to write to the of fice at Leyden to know how the affair stands."

No other entry is made on the subject in the records of the court. We will now turn to the case of Elder Brewster, and present the documents without further comment. In the register of the letters of the schepens and council are the two following:

"To Mr. Jacob von Brouckhoven, deputy councillor of their High Mightinesses.

"We have to-day summoned into our presence Thomas Brewer, an Englishman, and he being heard, we learn that his business heretofore has been printing, or having printing done, but in consequence of the publication of the placaat in relation to the printing of books, he had stopped the printing office, which was at that time mostly

"We have this day, in consequence of your letter, summoned the officer, and strongly enjoined upon him to do his best to arrest William Bruster, in whose person he was mistaken, which he has promised to do, but at the same time said he had heard that the said William Bruster had already left. A meeting was held to-day at the rector's in regard to the case of William Bruwer."

The case on the part of Bruwer having been transferred to the University, the proceedings in regard to him are to be found in its "Criminal and Civil Record," letter A, as follows:

"Upon the application of Loth Huygensz. Gael, bailiff of the University, to have an assessor and schepenmaster to assist him in seizing the types of Thomas Brewer,* a member of the said University, now in prison, and in searching his library for any works printed or caused to be printed by him within a year and a half or thereabouts, and in seizing the same, and in examining him as to what books he has printed or caused to be printed within a year and a half, either in English or in other languages, the Rector and Judges of the said University have appointed and by these presents do appoint Dr. Johannes Polyander assessor, and Dr. Gulielmus Bontius schepermaster, provisionally only, for the seizure of the type and searching of the library aforesaid, and seizing the books.

"In pursuance whereof the types found in the garret are seized, the garret door nailed in two places, and the seal of the said officer impressed in green wax over paper is placed upon the lock and nails; a catalogue is made of the books; and the chamber where the same were found is sealed with the aforesaid seal upon the lock and

* The name is spelt in this book variously, Breuwer, Bruwer, Bruwart, etc.

nails. Done the 21st September, 1619. In my presence. J. Vervey."

bond which the magistrates required of Brewer himself to return to the country:

"Before the undersigned assessor of the Uni

Dr. Polyander, the assessor here named, wrote the preface to Cartwright's book which was pub-versity and schepenmaster in the city of Leylished by Brewster. The catalogue of the books seized is not now to be found. Next follows the warrant to examine Brewer.

den, appeared Thomas Brewer, English gentleman, a member of the said University, at present detained in custody by the bailiff of the same, "On this 23d September, 1619, the Honorable and declared that whereas he has determined, Rector and Judges of the University in the city upon the urgent desire of His Royal Majesty of of Leyden have, upon the application of Loth Great Britain, to betake himself voluntarily unto Huyghensz. Gael, bailiff of the University, ap- his Majesty, and is permitted to make the jourpointed, and by these presents do appoint Dr.ney in honorable company: Therefore he has Cornelis Swanenburg assessor, and Dr. Guliel- bound himself and hereby does bind himself to mus Bontius shepenmaster, to examine Thomas go upon the said journey and here again to reBrewer, in custody of the said bailiff, as to what turn in the company which shall be provided for books he has within a year and a half past him, as well on behalf of the Honorable Rector printed, or caused to be printed, in the Latin, and Judges of the said University as of the AmEnglish, or other languages: and the said asses-bassador of His Majesty; and to be faithful heresor and Jan Bout Jacobsz., schepenmaster, shall to, without going off or leaving, directly or indicause the type of the said Brewer which have rectly, in any manner, under penalty of his person been seized to be brought for better keeping from his house to the University rooms. Which is accordingly done the day and year aforesaid. In my presence. Jacob J. Vervey."

Here is the refusal to surrender Brewer to the king of England, from the Register of the University.

"At an extraordinary meeting of the Curators and Burgomasters held on the 21st of October, 1619.

and property, movable and immovable, present or future, and rights of action and claims, nothing excepted, and wheresoever the same may be,-being subject to the execution of all laws and judges. All in good faith and without fraud. Done the 12th of November, 1619. (Sd.) Swanenburg, D. Van Alphen."

. How effectually do these documents dispel the new theories of Dutch want of hospitality, and vindicate the testimony of Bradford and Winslow? The only remaining entry in regard to the proceedings against Brewer is the following:

"At a meeting held the 9th of May, 1620. "A certain memorial of the Ambassador Carleton is read to the effect that the types and papers of Brewer might remain in keeping here. It is resolved to keep the said types as hitherto." We now take our leave of the records, at least for the present. H. C. M.

THE HAGUE, August 15, 1859.

"It being represented to the Curators and Burgomasters that the Ambassador of his Royal Majesty the king of Great Britain requested that Thomas Brewer, English Gentleman, who is now confined in the prison of the University upon the complaint of the said ambassador by order of the Rector and Assessors, might be taken from here to his Royal Majesty in England, it is resolved, after consulting with the Rector and Assessors, that the said Brewer shall still be of. fered, as before, to the said ambassador for further examination in the presence of any one whom His Excellency may be pleased to appoint, or he shall go before His Excellency himself, or A FRAGMENT of Judge Sewall's journal, during otherwise a proper obligation shall be demanded his judicial circuit in the Old Colony, in 1702, from His Excellency to the effect that the said reads thus: [Saturday, April 4th], "Saw Lieut. Brewer shall be restored here again within two Howland upon ye Roade, who tells us he was months. Which he not consenting to, the mat-born Febr. 24, 1626, at our Plimouth. Visit Mr. ter must be referred to the High and Mighty Lords the states of Holland and West Friesland."

What Sir Dudley could not compel, Brewer voluntarily consented to do. He no doubt felt full confidence in his innocence, not only as to the violation of any law, but as to printing the particularly obnoxious books in regard to which the proceedings had been taken against him and Brewster, namely, "The Perth Assembly," and "De Regimine Ecclesiæ Scoticanæ." This is the

MORE ABOUT THE PILGRIMS.

[Isaac] Robinson who saith he is 92 years old, is ye son of Mr. Robinson pastor of ye ch. of Leyden part of wch came to Plimo. But to my disappointmt he came not to New-England till ye year in weh Mr. Wilson was returning to Engld [1631] after ye settlemt of Boston. I told him was very desirous to see him for his Father's sake and his own. Gave him an Arabian peece of Gold to buy a book for some of his Grandchildren."

Here is Isaac Robinson's own statement of the

With reverend arm keep her within her sphere,
To view the scene of the preceding year,
Catastrophes and awful progedies,

Are felt on earth and seen in azure skies,
Vapors of smoke and flames, and seas of blood,
Shew forth the wrath of an offended God:
These awful signs of his uplifted hand,
It speaks there is an awful day at hand,
Sulpher and nitre from deep caverns burns,
Convulse the earth, the mountains overturns;
The earth it trembles, the hills are sore afraid,
If half his finger on this globe is laid,
Tall cities into ruin heaps are laid,
Thousands of mortals underneath are dead,
Ten thousands more go screamingscreeching down
To the deep caverns of the gaping ground,
Whilst mighty mountains sink their lofty head,
And Neptune takes possession in their stead;
While frighten'd mortals, staggering every where,
And shrieks, and wails, and cruel death was there,
While neighboring rocks and hills repulse their cries,
Beat the impetuous echoes round the skies,
While the hoarse thunder from the hollow ground
Threaten all nature and make it shudder round;
Forbear my muse, too feeble are thy lays
To tell the smallest portion of his ways.
My muse forbear to prophecy or say
That these are preludes of the Judgment Day,
When all those seeds shall from the centre burn,
All nature to a mighty chaos turn,
Nor needs a comet for to help it burn;
That day and hour to him is only known
Who sits upon the high and lofty throne:
Forbear, my muse, be silent and remiss,

Ah! who shall live when the Great God doth this.

LETTER FROM GEN. HORATIO GATES.

THE following is the letter by Gen. Gates, read at the November meeting of the New York Historical Society, of which we spoke in our last number. It is from the Gates Papers, in the Society's Collections. It was addressed by Gates to his wife, October 20, 1777, from Albany, three days after the surrender at Saratoga. We print it from Mr. Moore's "Newspaper Diary of the Revolution":

pass to Canada, and who goes immediately from thence to England. I could not help, in a modest manner, putting him in mind of the fete champêtre that I three years ago told him GenBurgoyne would meet with if he came to America. If Old England is not by this lesson taught humility, then she is an obstinate old slut, bent upon her ruin. I long much to see you and have therefore sent the bearer to conduct you to Albany, by the way of Reading, where you will be received and entertained by Mrs. Potts. Before you leave Reading you must take advice whether to come by Nazareth or Bethas hem; after that your road up the country Van Camp's, through the Minnisinks, to Hurley and Esopus, is plain, and well known to the bearer. Don't let Bob's zeal to get to papa hurry you faster than, considering the length of your journey, you ought to come. If you come by Bethlehem, there is a Mr. Oakley, who holds an office under Mifflin, who will provide you with every thing you may have occasion for, and will introduce you to Madame Langton and the bishop, and Mrs. Ilsley, etc. Perhaps you may get ruffles to your apron; if they are not finished I desire you will bespeak them.

"Tell my dear Bob not to be too elated at this great good fortune of his father. He and I have seen days adverse, as well as prosperous. Let us through life endeavor to bear both with an equal mind. General Burgoyne has promised me to deliver any letters I please to commit to some principal men there. his care in England. I think to send a few to have a good effect for both countries. I would Perhaps they may fain have the mother reconciled to her child, and consent, since she is big enough to be married, to let her rule and govern her own house.

"I hope Lady Harriet Ackland will be here when you arrive. She is the most amiable, delicate piece of quality you ever beheld. Her hus"The voice of fame, ere this reaches you, will band is one of the prettiest fellows I have seentell how greatly fortunate we have been in this learned, sensible, and an Englishman to all indepartment. Burgoyne and his whole army have tents and purposes; has been a most confounded laid down their arms, and surrendered them-Tory, but I hope to make him as good a Whig as selves to me and my Yankees. Thanks to the myself before he and I separate. You must exGiver of all victory for this triumphant success! pect bad and cold days up the journey, therefore I got here the night before last, and the army prepare against it. I thank God I am pretty are now encamped upon the heights to the south-well; have had a bad cold, with loss of appetite, ward of this city. Major-General Phillips, who wrote me that saucy note last year from St. John's, is now my prisoner, with Lord Petersham, Major Ackland, son of Sir Thomas, and his lady, daughter of Lord Ilchester, sister to the famous Lady Susan, and about a dozen members of Parliament, Scotch lords, etc. I wrote to T. Boone, by Mr. Fluck, an engineer, whom I permitted to

HIST. MAG. VOL. IV.

2

from being continually harassed with so much business; but I hope to find some rest in winter, and much comfort in yours and Bob's company. I will try to get some good tea for you from some of the English officers. Accept my tenderest wishes for your health and safety; and assure my dear Bob how much I am interested in his welfare. Heaven grant us a happy meeting!"