VI. That she reaffirms her statements, and of the rest knows nothing. VII. That she knows its truth, as she witnessed it all. VIII. That the truth is stated; for that she was present, and there went there the said Alonso Vazquez, and Rodrigo his brother. IX. That she remembers passing that swamp, there being much water in it, in places reaching the knee, in others to the waist, and thence over the head, which they passed with much labor in three days; but has no recollection whether they passed that time without food or not. X. That she knows it; for that she was present, and there was fear as stated. XI. That she does not remember, but declares anew what she has stated. XII. That she remembers it; that it was so. XIII. That it is true; that she saw them fight and the Indians kill there Don Carlos, her master, and Alonso Vazquez was wounded by an arrow in an ankle, and was a long time lame. XIV. That she heard some soldiers of Florida say it. XV. That she does not remember with regard to the matter. and performed the other offices usual in military service. VI. That he knows the facts, because he went with Baltasar de Gallegos, and with the other soldiers to a country called Paracoxi, in Florida; Alonso Vazquez was with them and his brother Rodrigo, of which he was a witness-all going together. VII. That it is true that they all endured the privation of food that is said, and they ate nothing but the stalks of corn, boiled or uncooked. VIII, IX. That he knows it because he was present. X. That he had heard it said: that it was talked about among the soldiers; but did not hear it from the governor or the captains. XI. That he knows it, because he went with the people the governor took with him, and returned with the rest of the soldiers to where Luis de Moscoso was; and breaking up the posts they united, and went on through Florida, advancing, Alonso Vazquez and his brother Rodrigo, being of the company. XII. That he does not know; that he did not hear him say it. XIII. That he knows it; he was wounded in an ankle. XIV. That he does not recollect. XV. That they both behaved like good sol XVI. That it is true, and she was present. XVII. That it is true Alonso Vazquez was well beloved by all the people of the armada. XVIII. That they went from Florida to Mex-diers, as well there as at other places; for he ico, wearing skins; that she was with them, and the rest she does not know. XIX., XX. That she says what she has said, and the rest she does not know. XXI. That he knows well the provinces of Florida; is a man respected, and from having been there, will better understand the things that will avail. ... found himself often with them. XVI. That he knows it all; he was himself present. XVII. That Alonso Vazquez associated with men of high standing; was beloved of all; and of the rest is ignorant. XVIII. That they came there to Mexico habited in skins, when the Doctor de la Gasca sent for men, and an equipment was got ready to go to bis assistance, that was not called into use; some soldiers in making ready, Alonso and Rodrigo Vazquez were of the number, could not have failed to spend much. XIX. That Alonso Vazquez stood well there, and was respected. . . . XX. That he was among the soldiers, ever doing his duty, of which the witness was an observer. XXI. That he would be of great use in Florida. . . . XXII. That he reaffirms; and it is what he knows of the matter. [We are indebted for the preceding very curious account of matters and things in De Soto's expedition, to our contributor Buckingham Smith, Esq., who has kindly translated it for our columns, without awaiting the intended publication V. That it is true; that Alonso Vazquez had charge of and commanded the men, in number more or less as stated; that he set the watches, | of the original.] · NATHANIEL CUTTING'S JOURNAL OF AN EMBASSY TO ALGIERS IN 1793, UNDER COL. DAVID HUMPHREYS. NATH'L CUTTING was a native of Massachusetts, at various times in the service of the country abroad, as consul at Havre, and other situations, In 1793 he was appointed by President Washington to proceed to Lisbon, with secret despatches to Col. Humphreys, to act as secretary of that commission. This service he performed to the entire satisfaction of President Washington, as appears by a letter from Mr. Jefferson, then Secretary of State. Mr. Cutting was afterwards, for some years, attached to the War Department in Washington, and died in that city, about 1822. He sailed from Philadelphia in April, 1793, for England, with despatches for Mr. Pinckney; and in August, of that year, went to Lisbon, where he met Col. Humphreys. The original journal has recently fallen into my hands, and from it I send you the extracts relating to this embassy. WM. G. BROOKS. Aug. 28, 1793.-Arrived at Lisbon in the King George packet, from Falmouth (Eng.), after a passage of ten days. D'Alfoens, uncle to the queen of Portugal. The garden and waited his arrival in a beautiful abbé being engaged at mass, we walked into the alcove. The garden appears to be handsomely laid out, in the old-fashioned style, adorned with trees in right lines, grottoes, &c.; and all kept in good order. The abbé speaks the English language pretty well, and I am told is a man of science and liberal attainments, and one who expresses much attachment to the United States of America. Dined with the family of Mr. Bulkley. Lord and Lady Altamont, of the kingdom of Ireland, with their little son, Lord Westport, came to dine. By report, to-day, I find the Hanover packet recently arrived from Falmouth, brings a rumor that prevailed in England; the purport of which is, that there is great apprehension of a rupture between the United States of America and Great Britain. This would be an event which the true friends of both countries must most sincerely deprecate. Sept. 2.-Took tea at Mr. Church's. A Mr. Brown, of Oporto, came in. The house with which he is connected, have a ship taken up for government service here; which led him to speak of the manner in which the administration of the government proceeds with respect to ship-owners, on such occasions. They simply send word to the merchant, and inform him they have occasion for his ship for government service, and Called upon Col. Humphreys, who is yet in the country; then went to visit Edward Church, Esq., consul for the U. S. A., in this city; re-order him to have her completely fitted by such turned to my hotel, and while at dinner Col. Humphreys called, and I delivered my despatches from Mr. Jefferson, Secretary of State. a day. If the proprietor has just purchased a cargo for his ship, or has a particular voyage in view wherein he has made any engagement, it signifies nothing; the government will neither permit him to pursue his particular object, nor indemnify him for the loss he must inevitably sustain by relinquishing it. An instance recently occurred where a merchant waited on the minister, and informed him that he could not get his ship ready within the period fixed by the government. The answer he received was at his peril to have her ready, or in default he should be sent to Aug. 30.-Col. Humphreys politely expressed his wish and intention to co-operate with me cordially in any thing that would promote the success of the business committed to our charge by the Federal Executive. On this point, our professions of indefatigable application and perseverance, were perfectly reciprocal. At 3, P. M., proceeded to the house of Mr. Church, to dine, agreeably to appointment. Of strangers at table, Mr. Harrison was one. A board well-prison." This is one of the blessings resulting furnished with viands and liquors, received new from an absolute monarchy. incitement to indulgence, from the unceremonious hospitality of both Mr. and Mrs. Church. Afterwards proceeded in Col. Humphreys' carriage to the house of John Bulkley, Esq., and from thence to the public gardens, where we met several gentlemen of Col. H's acquaintance. Sept. 5.—Drew a charter-party for a Swedish vessel which is chartered by order of Col. Humphreys, to convey him and myself up the Mediterranean. Sept. 9.-Mr. Bulkley communicated to me a letter received from his correspondent at MalAug. 31.-Col. H. informs me Mr. Harri-aga, which acquaints us that an American vessel son has not been able to do any thing decisive with respect to a neutral vessel for us to proceed to our destination. Sunday, Sept. 1.-Col. H. called to take me to dine with Mr. Bulkley, at his country-seat. On our way we stopped a few minutes to visit the Abbé Corré, at a palace belonging to the Duke and cargo has recently fallen into the hands of the Algerines. By the Cadiz marine list we find it is the schooner Laurel, Capt. John Daniels, from Philadelphia, laden with flour and coffee, and was captured by an Algerine corsair, about the 28th ult. ; the captain and crew having previously abandoned her, had escaped safe on shore in their of Gibraltar," which I am told justly acquired hin much reputation as an author, as his previous and subsequent conduct has done in the character of a soldier. boats. The letter states those pirates are much more daring than ever, since the Portuguese squadron have ceased cruising about Gibraltar. Sept. 11.-Col. Humphreys called and informed me that he had received his passports from the Sept 23.-Spent the day with Col. Humphreys Secretary of Foreign Affairs. He also took occa- in overhauling and arranging certain merchansion to urge the necessity of our prompt depart-dise, the property of the United States of Amerure, on many accounts; one of which is, that some ica, left here by the late Thomas Barclay, who people here begin to suspect our intention is for was American consul for Morocco and the BarAlgiers. Col. H. earnestly recommends economy bary States in general. in our expenditures, and accuracy in our accounts. An American vessel arrived here to-day in 28 days from Boston, reports that a few days before his departure from thence, the "Ambuscade" French frigate, and an English frigate of equal force had a severe engagement off the coast of New Jersey. After a severe engagement they parted by mutual consent, the French frigate to the Delaware, and the English frigate to New York. Sept. 17.-Our hired ship, called the "Postil-gier, was present at the party. lion," dropped down to the Bellisle, and in the afternoon we went down also and embarked. The pilot declared the time was not proper to proceed to sea. Sept. 18.-The pilot came off in the tide and we got under weigh; and by the time we opened the point of Bellisle Castle, at 5 P. M., the pilot left us, begging the Holy Virgin to bestow a benediction upon our pursuits, &c. Sept. 21.-At 8 P. M., we saw the Rock of Gibraltar; at near midnight we came to anchor near a large fleet of English and other merchant ships lately arrived here from the Levant, &c., waiting convoy for England. Sunday, Sept. 22.—The Prattick boat came alongside about sunrise and took our papers out. Soon after, Mr. James Simpson, an intimate friend of Col. H., came off with permits to land; he attended us on shore to our hotel, and also politely attended us to visit the governor, Sir Robert Boyd, who was previously acquainted with Col. Humphreys, and received him with great cordiality. Sir Robert is a venerable veteran, near ninety years old; and is estimable for his amiable sociability, and private virtues, as respectable for his military talents and public administration. We next called to visit the Lieutenant-governor General O'Hara, but he was absent; and we called at the quarters of Major Mawbray, of the Regt. We were received with much cordiality by the frank old veteran, whose "hair is silvered o'er by time," and whose open, affable, and manly countenance bespeak the brave and well-bred soldier. Here I was with a sensible, well-informed gentleman, whom I had formed an acquaintance with at Havre, two years since, Capt. John Drinkwater, of the 1st Regt. or Royals. He wrote the "Siege Sept. 24.-Dined with Gen. Sir Robert Boyd. I find that at the tables of the governor and lieutenant-governor of this fortress, they are as punctual in attending to the manual exercise of knives and forks, as they are to the military etiquette of garrison duty. A large number of military gentlemen were present, whose genteel deportment proves that polished manners are perfectly compatible with the sterner duties of a soldier. Mr. Mattra, the English consul at Tan Mr. Sept. 25.-Col. H. and myself, accompanied by Dr. Adair, the surgeon-general, repaired to the parade, where the troops are reviewed by the commander-in-chief or his second, every morning previous to their relieving guard. Every part of their performance and appearance does honor to the preceptors of this sublime military academy. When the exercises were over, the troops were marched off the ground, and Gen. O'Hara politely requested Col. H. and myself to take breakfast at his quarters. The general appears to be polite, affable, well-informed, and communicative; in short, he is the well-bred, accomplished gentleman, as well as the scientific and valiant soldier. Mattra, who sat next to me at breakfast, related an anecdote of Gen. Arnold, that despicable traitor to the cause of American freedom, which I never before met with. It was this:-Several years since, as early as 1785, when Mr. Mattra was in England, he became slightly acquainted with Arnold, who knowing his situation in Morocco, solicited an opportunity of proposing to him a scheme of business that could not fail of being lucrative. Mr. M. at length gave Arnold the hearing. The plan he proposed was, that Mr. M. should, by his interest at the Court of Morocco procure commissions for sundry corsairs, which he (Arnold), would come and fit out from Tangiers. "But," observed Mr. M., " who would you cruise against? The emperor of Morocco has no maritime enemy; nor does he wish to provoke a rupture with any of the European powers." Arnold replied, "But the Americans have yet no treaty with Morocco; I would capture their vessels; I know very well the track to find them; by such an expedition we would soon acquire ample fortunes." Arnold pressed the matter very seriously for some time, but finding that Mr. Mattra rejected the nefarious scheme, and steadily refused to exert the smallest influence toward obtaining the commissions in question, the arch-renegade solicited that he would assist him in procuring Algerine commissions. Mr. M., heartily disgusted with such villainy, assured Arnold that he had no interest and scarcely any acquaintance at or near Algiers, and therefore explicitly excused himself from participating in such a diabolical pursuit. It was not only once, said Mr. M., but perhaps a dozen times, that Arnold seriously addressed him to the foregoing purport. Sept. 30.-Dined with Mr. Ross, of the house of Turnbull & Co. A French gentleman dined with us, who has lately been banished Spain and all his property ordered to be sequestered, merely because he was guilty of being born in France; although he has resided in Spain forty-three years, and all his family connections reside in Switzerland. Such is the undiscriminating resentment of the Spanish court against the French nation for having attempted the destruction of despotism. Oct. 5.-Two Dutch frigates and a sloop-of-war lately came down from Malaga, and are now at anchor in Gibraltar Bay, ostensibly waiting the arrival of a squadron from Holland, which is to convey a commissioner to arrange the articles of peace with the regency of Algiers, or to denounce vengeance against them for the depredations their corsairs have committed on the Dutch commerce in the Mediterranean sea. We cannot obtain any recent account from Algiers; by the latest, it would appear the plague has abated. Sunday-The troops of the garrison assembled for the public services of devotion. Col. Morse, their commander, was the representative of the governor, on the occasion. They formed a hollow square, in the center of which was the chaplain, the officers of the garrison, Col. Humphreys, and myself. The service was of course conformable to the rites of the Established Church of England. On our return, we learnt that a Gibraltar boat had arrived in the course of the night, from Algiers. This boat has been but eight days on her passage, and brings a clean bill of health; by her we learn that the Algerines have concluded a peace with the Portuguese, but that it was only a truce for six months; we also learn that six Algerine corsairs passed the Straits into the Atlantic, last night. Went half way up the Rock, to the residence of Mr. Mace, who has been appointed British consul to Algiers, to supersede Mr. Logie. He has been waiting here eight or nine months for a frigate to convey him there; but, so virulent and fatal has been the rage of the plague there, Lord Hood has uniformly refused to send a frigate there. We learn it is true that three Algerine frigates and two zebecks, and an armed brig had, last night, passed out the Straits. The disagreeable sensations that agitated our breasts on the certainty of this intelligence, are not to be described. We arranged an express for Cadiz and another to Malaga, and Col. Humphreys wrote to the American consuls at both of those ports, acquainting them with the intelligence, and requesting them to communicate it to every American commander of a vessel that was now, or might arrive, at their ports. Oct. 8.-This morning an Algerine corsair stood into Gibraltar Bay, from the eastward. Soon after, proceeded through the Straits, probably to join her comrades in cruising against the defenceless Americans. Arrangements were made to immediately charter a Swedish brig, to proceed to America, to carry the alarming intelligence; but the project was laid aside on account of the long passage she would probably have. After various expedients were resorted to, it was concluded to retain the Swedish brig, which had the stores on board, and proceed up the Mediterranean. We, finally, engaged a small Spanish vessel to cruise in the Straits, alias Gut of Gibraltar, with the mate of an American vessel on board, in order to speak any American vessel that might possibly have so far escaped the barbarians, without knowing the hazard they had run. In the vessel which arrived here from Tangier there is a passenger who passed lastly_through this garrison on his way to Tangier, in July, last year. He calls himself Chapman, and came here in a small vessel from Cadiz, which he sent back; said he was from America, and had some urgent business at Algiers, to which place he must go, at all events. It was told him that the plague was there, and that all direct intercourse between that place and Europe was suspended. He still persisted, and took passage in a small boat bound to the Barbary coast, from whence he got to Oran. Some time after, the English consul sent down for the Gibraltar boat, and in this boat Chapman took passage, passing himself for an Englishman. When he arrived at Algiers, the English consul would not suffer him to land till it was known who he was, and what business he had there. He sent word ashore, that he had a letter to the Dey of Algiers, which he had brought from America. Soon after, a native came on board and demanded the letter, which Chapman very readily gave him. When the messenger had gone, the master of the boat told Chapman that the person to whom he had delivered the letter was Mr. Logie's interpreter. The boat was detained several weeks; and Mr. C. was not permitted to land, neither did he hear any thing about the letter, except that the English consul was displeased with its contents. (Concluded in our next.) kind of appointment very different from ours; I therefore endeavored to show him that a brigadier in the British service was the officer of a battalion, who by brevet took command of two or three or more regiments, for some temporary occasion; that he derived no rank in the army from such an appointment, and resolved into the mere officer of a battalion again, the moment his brigade was broke; but even supposing I was this creature of a day, I could not but command him, DUEL OF GEN. CHRISTOPHER GADSEN whose commission was exactly of the same na AND GEN. R. HOWE. ture as mine, more especially as even according to his notions of the service, I had had a brigade THE following account of the differences be- assigned me here by Gen. Lee and Gen. Moore, tween Gen. Gadsen and Gen. Howe, in 1777, I which brigade was here when I became the take from a MS. volume in the autograph of Gen. commander-in-chief, after which I had no occaC. Gadsen, in my possession. The duel has been sion for a brigade; nay, more had been composed alluded to by several of our historians; but of the very troops of this State, and were still here we have the full account by one of the par- here; so that even upon his own plan, I must ties, which I think has never been published. have commanded him; I then would have deThe conduct of Gadsen shows his special charac-monstrated to him the nature of a brigadier in teristic of sturdiness, when he had taken a position and considered himself right. COLUMBIA, S. C. R. W. G. Extract of a letter from Brig.-Gen. Howe, to 1777. "I go into the subsequent part of my letter with much anxiety; but duty exacts of me to undertake the very disagreeable and tedious detail. | our service, but he was not, I found, to be convinced. He desired me to lay the matter before Congress; I told him I had not the least doubt of my command, so should not express any of it as from myself, but that I would, if he pleased, express them as doubts of his; this he consented to, and I promised to do it, but a few days after upon a visit he made me at my quarters, we entered upon the subject again, and I really understood that I had satisfied him upon the matter,therefore forbore to trouble Congress upon so disa"About four months since, Brig.-Gen. Gadsen, greeable a subject. I heard no more of this matafter having long received and obeyed the orders ter for near four months, and thought it entirely I issued, adopted the strange idea that I had no over; but meeting with the general the other day right to command him; and, upon a visit I made at the president's, he desired to be informed him, at Fort Moultrie, where I had stationed him, | whether I had written to Congress upon the subhe suggested those doubts to me, and wished me ject, seemed surprised when he heard I had not, to declare by what authority I commanded him? and seemed disgusted that I should so much have My answer to him was short, that I came to this mistaken him as to imagine his doubts upon the post while it was under actual invasion, in com- occasion had been removed; gave me warning pany with and by order of the commander-in- that he should make or cause to be made a mochief of the Southern Department, who had put tion to the House of Assembly (of which he is a me in orders upon duty here, and left me in the member), to inquire by what authority I comexecution of it; and that by his departure, and manded him in this State? I was proceeding to that of Gen. Armstrong, the command had, by remonstrate against the propriety of this meascourse of service, devolved upon me as eldest ure, as I held the question not cognizable by the officer; and that no better authority was requi- Assembly; but he cut me short by declaring in the site. He expressed himself dissatisfied with this, most positive manner, that he was determined disowned it to be authority; thought that I upon it. In consequence of this, a few days after, ought to have had some special order from Gen. Mr. Chief-justice Drayton moved the House to Lee, or from Congress, or to have detained a appoint a committee to inquire into the nature of brigade of other troops; that he considered him- Brig.-gen. Howe's command in this State; and self the natural commanding officer of this State to invest them with power to send for all persons, (such was his mode of expression); and that and send for all records and papers requisite though he had submitted to be cominanded for thereto. This motion was seconded by Mr. the sake of the service, yet it was not from duty, Lowndes and Brig.-Gen. Gadsen; every method but from courtesy. I discovered he had taken his was taken and every popular argument made use notions from the idea of a British brigadier—a | of, to persuade the House that the motion was |