1 924 57, consisting of real estate, $936,224 84; | for $252,218; total, $1,291,650, credited for $1,262,stocks, bonds, &c., $7,369,552 96; loans on stocks, 668. Two companies from other States, bonds $1,663,335 17; cash, $1,474,645 48; dividends and and mortgages, $100,000, city stocks, $100,000; claims, $668,351 13; subscription notes, $709,577 32; total, $200,000. Six foreign Life Insurance Compremium notes, bills receivable, &c., $6,062,549 39.panies, bonds and mortgages, $259,000, credited at V. Eleven New York Life Insurance Companies, six from other States, and two agencies of Foreign Life Insurance Companies. The New York companies report in 1861, gross assets or accumulation to the amount of $13,832,763 81; net assets, including capital, $4,569,207 38; liabilities (except capital stock and reinsurance), $1,163,463 10; net present value of policies or reinsurance fund, $8,005,093 33; premium notes received, $298,523 67; net cash premiums received, $2,281,043 10; paid for claims, $793,834 20; gross income, $3,332,479 21; gross expenditures, $1,929,364 93; number of life term or endowment policies in force, including additions, $25,536; amount of these, $86,134,147 29. The six companies from other States report for 1861, gross assets or accumulation, $11,659,899 55; net assets, including capital, $3,191,203 58; liabilities (except capital stock and reinsurance), $1,241,725 38; net present value of policies or reinsurance fund, $7,226,970 59; premium notes received, $887,094 07; net cash premiums received, $1,446,129 72; paid for claims, $741,957 24; gross income, $2,959,937 39; gross expenditure, $1,709,115 75; number of life term and endowment policies in force, including additions, $26,718; amount of these, $74,446,305 15. Of the two foreign companies, one, the Liverpool and London Fire and Life Insurance Co. makes no report for 1861. The assets of the United States branch in 1860 were reported at $915,256 86; its liabilities at $10,000, its net cash premiums received, at $31,540 31; amount paid for claims, $10,185; gross income, $31,540 31; gross expenditure, $12,685 71. Number of policies in force, 260; amount, $1,169,771 20. The Royal Life Insurance Co. of Liverpool reports in 1861, gross assets, $4,229,481 23; net assets, $1,724,021 86; liabilities, $841,782 74; net present value of policies or reinsurance fund, $1,663,676 63; net cash premiums received, $164,285 18; paid for claims, $105,570 89; gross income, $522,365 18; gross expenditure, $159,428 37; number of policies in force, 6161; amount, $14,373,285. The investments of their capital and accrued surplus, by the Life Insurance Companies, was as follows:-12 New York Companies, in bonds and mortgages, $611,250, credited for $603,250; U.S. stocks, $426,000, credited for $407,200; N.Y. State stocks, $254,400, credited $255,000; U.S. stocks, $269,500; N.Y. State stocks, $26,500; city stocks, $50,000: total, $605,000, credited for $601,000. The State requires from Insurance Companies of other States or counties a full annual statement of their condition, assets, liabilities, and amount insured, sworn to before a magistrate, and reserves to itself the right of making a searching investigation by the Superintendent of the Insurance Department, or his deputy, of their affairs; and no company, whose capital is impaired to the extent of twenty per cent. or more, can receive a certificate of authority to transact business in the State. The insured in the State are thus protected from the danger of fraudulent underwriting. RAILROADS.-The following table gives the condition of all the railroads of the State, which reported to the State Engineer in Sept. 1861. Twenty railroads, mostly propelled by horsepower, and running in the cities or large towns of the State, either made no report, or were not then, though a part of them are now, in operation. Their names were, Brooklyn City and Newtown (now operating a part of its route); Brooklyn City and Ridgewood; Central Park, North and East River (constructing); Coney Island and Brooklyn (now operating); East New York and Jamaica (operating); Grand Street, Brooklyn (operating); Grand Street and Maspeth, Brooklyn; Hudson and West Shore; International; Mohawk and Moose River; New York; New York and Jamaica; New York and Lake Mahopac; New York and Westchester Co.; New York and Yonkers; South Side Railroad of Long Island; Troy and Rutland; Union; Union Railroad of Westchester and Westchester Co. and New York City. Seven companies organized under the General Railroad Act are exempted by special acts from making reports to the State Engineer. They are three city railroad companies of Buffalo (Buffalo Street, Niagara Street, and Main and Ohio Street), the Central City Railroad Co. of Syracuse, Grand Street and Newtown of Brooklyn, Hicksville and Cold Spring Branch Railroad Co., and Troy and Lansingburgh Railroad Co. There are in the State, then, 82 railroad companies, of which 26 are passenger railroads, moved by horse-power only. CANALS. The system of canals in the State has long been its pride. Though perhaps a few miles less in extent than those of Ohio, they were commenced at an earlier date, and have been the means of developing in an extraordinary degree the resources not only of this, but also of the Western States. They are now entirely completed in their enlarged capacity, and their tolls have been for the past two years, under the improved management of the Canal Board, a large source of revenue to the State, reaching, in the year ending Sept. 30, 1862, the sum of $4,790,518 09. The following table, prepared with great care, from the reports of the different officers, is believed to present a more full and complete view of the condition of the canals, to Jan. 1862, than has ever before been published. The following particulars, which could not well be divided among the various canals, may be of interest. Total number of canalboats belonging on the canals, Jan. 1, 1862, 5095; number of miles run by all the boats, 10,373,650; number of barrels of flour transported in 1861, 1,530,775, of which 767,620 were manufactured in New York and 763,155 from other States. Number of bushels of wheat transported, 31,769,363, all of it from other States, of which 29,632,400 bushels was brought to tide-water. THE CANALS OF NEW YORK, 1862. Number of tons of 8 property moved on each canal in 1861. Value of property moved on each canal in 1861. Erie 350.53 70 7 71 110 18 582 2,500,782 $93,421,771 $3,589,134 $51,938 $3,020,153 $40,833 $2,979,321 $41,873,738 $206,952 545,930 12,019,138 91,824 7,822 106,561 4,267 102,294 2,806,187 852,920 18,203,400 135,454 12,496 131,458 5,666 125,792 25,552 Cayuga and Seneca.. 22.77 10 110 18 76 1,169,276 100,992 1,065,357 18,509 2,537 18,778 3,307 16,471 19,284 Chemung and feeder. 29. 49 518 949,603 208,792 1,136,654 15,507 5,440 15,319 2,628 12,691 23,455 Crooked Lake. 8. 38 273 305,245 12,239 351,094 609 219 700 494 206 6,186 2,439,676 91,661 Seneca River towing path. 5.75 230 190 190 Oneida River improvement. 20. 2 91,977 1,128 920 920 1,070 Cayuga Inlet.... Black River Canal and improvement. Baldwinsville Caual...... 1. 8,418 19 23 23 Feeders for reservoirs, constructed and con $61,575,380 4,507,635 $130,115,893 $3.908,785 881,634 $3,353,169 $62,346 $3,291,3201 .717,153 Deduct expenses over receipts on Oneida Lake Canal.. annum, for the purchase of books and apparatus, conditioned upon the raising an equal sum by the academies themselves. The number of teachers in these 200 academies was 1043, of whom 701 intended to make teaching a profession. The number of volumes in the libraries of these academies was 129,275,-an average of 646 to each academy. 91 of the academies were appointed to instruct teachers for the common schools, and received a per capita allowance for the teachers so instructed. 88 of these report 1712 teachers as having been instructed for one-third of the year. Common Schools.-The School Fund and Taxation for School Purposes.-The State pays annually from the public treasury an aggregate of nearly a million and a half of dollars for the support of common schools and academies throughout the State. One-fourth of this sum is derived from revenue or permanent funds which are devoted to this object by the Constitution, to wit:-The Common School Fund, which is invested principally in State stocks, public land, and mortgages for loans of capital; the United States Deposit Fund, invested in mortgages or real estate in the several counties, and in State stocks; and the Literature Fund, invested principally in State stocks. The remainder of appropriations for educational purposes is the proceeds of a direct tax of three EDUCATION.-There are 20 colleges in the State, | 1835 to 1862, being an average of about $2700 per 3 of them not yet fully in operation. Three of the 20-viz.: Ingham University, at Leroy, Elmira Female College, at Elmira, and Vassar Female College, at Poughkeepsie-are intended for females only. Besides the 20, three others-viz.: the University of Albany, at Albany, the University of Brooklyn, at Brooklyn, and Alfred University, at Alfred-have either not completed their organization or have as yet established no undergraduate course. The statistics of those which are in operation will be found in the Table of Colleges, (pp. 644 -45). There are 10 theological seminaries in the State, of which three are Roman Catholic, two Baptist, two Presbyterian, and one each Episcopal, Lutheran, and Associate Reformed Presbyterian. The present condition of these is given in the Table of Theological Seminaries, (pp. 650, 651). There are 11 medical schools (one of them homoeopathic) in the State, of which 7 are in the city of New York. The statistics of these will be found in the Table of Medical Schools. There are 5 law schools in the State, viz., the Law School of Columbia College, the Law School of the University of the City of New York, Albany Law School, Maynard Law School connected with Hamilton College, and the State and National Law School at Poughkeepsie. Columbia College, the University of the City of New York, and Union College, Schenectady, have scientific schools or post-graduate courses of in-fourths of a mill on each dollar of the taxable struction in philosophy, philology, literature, civil engineering, &c., connected with them; and the Agricultural College at Ovid has established a course of theoretical and practical training in agriculture. The Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute at Troy, founded by the munificence of the late Hon. Stephen Van Rensselaer, has graduated a large number of eminent engineers and naturalists. The West Point Military Academy, though not a State institution, yet has its location within the State, and has educated a large number of students in the higher departments of mathematical, military, and engineering science. The number of incorporated academies under the supervision of the Regents in January, 1862, was 226. Of these 22 did not report, and 4 others were received under their care so late as to make no report for the year. The 200 which reported had in attendance, at the date of their report, 23,111 pupils (11,416 males, 11,695 females). The whole attendance for the year had been 37,929. In 1862, the attendance was 35,748. The total amount of capital and investment of these 200 academies was $2,929,083, and the debt chargeable on this investment was $323,681. The amount of cash received during the year was $646,623, of which $405,864 was received from tuitionfees. The amount paid for teachers' salaries was $436,920. The total annual revenue applicable to school purposes was $591,455, and the total annual expenditure $578,673. The sum of $75,502 93 was granted to these academies from property of the State, levied and collected annually with other taxes. This tax on the levy of 1862 will amount to $1,086,977 96. The amount of the capital of the several funds, and the annual revenue derived therefrom, devoted to the purposes of education, for the year ending September 30, 1861, was as follows: Capital. 4,014,520 71 Revenue. $128,345 27 246,199 37 11,853 88 $386,398 52 School tax collected in 18621,064,473 14 $1,450,871 66 Organization of the Common School System.The public schools of the State, as well as the schools of those charitable institutions receiving a share of the State grants for educational purposes (the Deaf and Dumb and Blind Asylums, the Houses of Refuge, &c.) are under the general control and supervision of the Superintendent of Public Instruction. Each county (except New York) appoints from one to three school commissioners, who are the local officers, having supervision in their respective districts of school affairs. There are in all 112 of these commissioners. The 13 cities of the State have each a separate school organization (responsible so far as to report their doings to the State Superintendent), and an officer, |