ry contributions for the support of our armies in the heart of our enemy's country, we have paid fair, and even extravagant prices, for all the supplies which we have received. We have not only held sacred the private property of the Mexicans, but on several occasions have fed their famishing soldiers, and bound up their wounds. And what has been the return? Treachery and cruelty have done their worst against us. Our citizens have been murdered, and their dead bodies mutilated, in cold blood, by bands of savage and cowardly guerillas; and the parole of honor, sacred in all civilized warfare, has been habitually forfeited by Mexican officers and soldiers. Those paroled at Vera Cruz have fought against us at Cerro Gordo; and those paroled at Cerro Gordo have doubtless been in the ranks of the enemy in the battles so glorious to our arms at and near the city of Mexico.

"After the battle of Cerro Gordo, the president entertained serious thoughts of modifying your instructions, at least so far as greatly to reduce the maximum sums which you were authorized to pay for portions of the Mexican territory; but, wishing to afford to the world an example of continued moderation and forbearance in the midst of victory, he suffered them to remain unchanged. And what has been the consequence?

"After a series of brilliant victories, when our troops were at the gates of the capital, and it was completely in our power, the Mexican government have not only rejected your liberal offers, but have insulted our country by proposing terms, the acceptance of which would degrade us in the eyes of the world, and be justly condemned by the whole American people. They must attribute our liberality to fear, or they must take courage from our supposed political divisions. Some such cause is necessary to account for their strange infatuation. In this state of affairs, the president, believing that your continued presence with the army can be productive of no good, but may do much harm by encouraging the delusive hopes and false impressions of the Mexicans, has directed me to recall you from your mission, and to instruct you to return to the United States by the first safe opportunity. He has determined not to make another offer to treat with the Mexican government, though he will be always ready to receive and consider their proposals. They must now first sue for peace."

Y.

REPORT

From the Adjutant-General, in compliance with a Resolution of the House of Representatives, in relation to the Number of United States Troops that have been engaged in the War with Mexico, the Number who have been killed, died from Wounds, &c.

We can only give extracts from this.report, and from that portion of it which is explanatory of the tables.

The tables present the following results:—

THE REGULAR ARMY.

"The strength of the army at the commencement of hostilities with the republic of Mexico, in April, 1846, 7244; the force on the frontier of Texas, May, 1846, present and absent, 3554, of which 131 were sick; troops sent to Mexico, including recruits, 23,136, of which 12,551 are of the old establishment, and 10,585 new regiments, which, with the force on the Rio Grande in May, 1846, makes the whole number of the regular army employed every where in the prosecution of the war, inclusive of December, 1847, about 26,690, besides a battalion of marines, (350.) Twenty-nine thousand men have been recruited since the 13th of May, 1846, and 23,556 sent to Mexico, which exceeds the number joined as reported on the rolls and returns, many of which are wanting.

"The regular force in Mexico, New Mexico, and California, was, in December, about 21,202; and since the 1st of January, 2493 recruits have been sent to the army, which increases the regular troops in all Mexico, it is estimated, to about 23,695. The six companies stationed in the United States, (556,) and 1200 recruits in depot and at rendezvous, (total 1750,) carry up the regular army every where, on the rolls, to about 25,445.

CASUALTIES.

"Old establishment: discharges, by expiration of service, 1435; for disability, 887; by order and civil authority, 253;— total, 2575. "Deaths. Killed in battle, 45 officers, 434 men; died of wounds, 19 officers, 331 men; total killed and died of wounds, 64 officers, 765 men; ordinary deaths, 44 officers, 1787 men: -- total deaths, 108 officers, 2552 men. Aggregate, 2660.

"Wounded. In battle, 130 officers, 1799 men; aggregate, 1929. "Resignations. 32, in 1846 and 1847.

"Desertions. 1637, of which 9 are marines.

"Additional regiments: discharges, by expiration of service, 2; for disability, 248; by order and civil authority, 56;— total, 306.

“Deaths. Killed in battle, 6 officers, 62 men; died of wounds, 4 officers, 71 men; total killed and died of wounds, 10 officers, 133 men; ordinary deaths, 28 officers, 977 men; total deaths, 38 officers, 1110 men. Aggregate, 1148.

"Wounded. In battle, 41 officers, 427 men. Aggregate, 468. "Resignations, 76; desertions, 445.

THE VOLUNTEER SERVICE.

"The whole number of volunteers mustered into the service from May, 1846; of which 15,911 are mounted men, 1164 artillery, and 54,234 infantry, making an aggregate of 71,309, including 3087 commissioned officers. From this number, it is proper to deduct the force not called out by authority of the war department, nor called out under the act of May 13, 1846, and also the number mustered, but soon after discharged, as supernumerary. This class is embraced in the three and six months' men, and two regiments of twelve months' men from Ohio and Missouri, and one company from Iowa, amounting to 14,383; of which 2774 were discharged a few days after being mustered into service, (except the company,) not being required to proceed to the seat of war. Deducting this class of volunteers from the aggregate mustered and paid, (71,309,) the force enrolled under the act of May 13, 1846, and under the 5th section of the act of March 3, 1847, which authorizes the president to accept the services of 'individual volunteers' to fill vacancies, &c., is about 56,926 officers and men. But this number was further reduced by discharges, &c., before the battalions had left the United States; and it is probable that the number exceeded but little, if any 50,000 men, when put en route for the army.

"So far as can be ascertained from the latest returns received, it appears that the volunteer force for the war and for 12 months, (2017,) now employed in Mexico, New Mexico, and California, (25,260,) and the eleven companies (1082) within the limits of the United States, the sick included, amounts to 1456 officers and 24,886 men. Aggregate, 26,342, being 7589 less than the number

of the same regiments and companies (war men) when first mustered into service. But this difference does not show the actual loss; first, because the greater number of the individual volunteers enrolled, (i. e., recruited,) among which there is much loss, had not joined their regiments at the date of the last returns, and were not of course taken up on the rolls, but they are included in the table, in the aggregate 'received into service.' And second, the casualties, i. e., discharges and deaths, (ordinary,) exhibited in the statement, must be considerably under the actual number, owing to the missing muster rolls yet due from many of the regiments, from which the information alone can be obtained.

"The following general statement presents a condensed view of the various objects of inquiry respecting the volunteer forces.

"Three months' men. The strength when mustered into service was 1390, and when discharged 1269, being a loss of 121.

Discharges before the expiration of the term, 82, of which 3 were for disability.

"Deaths, 18; ordinary, 8; killed in battle and died of wounds, 10. "Desertions, 22.

"Six months' men, (but held only for three months, the legal term ;) strength when mustered into service, 11,150, and when discharged, 9559; loss, 1591.

66

Discharges, before the expiration of the term, 826, of which 370 were for disability.

“Deaths, 127; ordinary, 107; killed in battle and died of wounds, 6; accidental, 14; desertions, 524.

"Twelve months' men. Strength when mustered into service, 26,344, and when discharged, 18,724; loss, 7620, (including loss or difference between original and present strength of 21 companies twelve months' men still in service, 2017 strong at the last returns.)

66

Discharges, before the expiration of the term, 4391; of which, 3966 were for disability.

"Deaths, 2111; ordinary, 1633; killed in battle, and died of wounds, 423; accidental, 55.

"Desertions, 568.

"Volunteers for the war. There are now 31 regiments (or equal to as many) and 4 companies in service — the aggregate strength of which, when mustered under calls from the war department, respectively dated June 26, 1846, (1 regiment,) November 16, 1846,

(equal to 8 regiments and 5 companies,) April 19, 1847 (equal to 7 regiments and two companies,) August 26, 1847, (5 regiments,) October 8, 1847, (2 regiments,) and at various other dates, (equal to 7 regiments and 7 companies,) was 31,914, being 2626 less than if all the regiments and companies had been full, as authorized by law. Strength at the last returns-officers, 1357; men, 22,968; aggregate, 24,325; reduced, by this date, probably, to less than 20,000.

66

Discharges, 1339; of which, 1084 were for disability.

"Deaths, 1691, to wit: ordinary, 1481; killed in battle, and died of wounds, 171; accidental, 39.

"The casualties incident to the whole number of volunteers, under various periods of service, so far as can be ascertained from the rolls received, are as follows, viz. :

66

'Discharges, before the expiration of the term, 6638; of which, 5423 were for disability.

"Deaths, 3947, to wit; ordinary, 3229; killed in battle, 47 officers and 419 men; died of wounds, 164, officers and men, as far as now ascertained; accidental, 108.

66 Wounded, 129 officers, 1217 men.

“Table E of the report, presents a detailed statement of the volunteers on the rolls for service in Mexico, New Mexico, and California, including eleven companies (1082) within the United States, according to the latest returns, to wit: 5527 horse, 297 artillery, 20,518 infantry-making a total of 24,886 men, and 1456 commissioned officers-aggregate, 26,342; of which, 2017 are twelve months' volunteers. This view includes absent men recruited under the law of 1847, many of whom will never join; and, as is already remarked, it is believed that the actual strength of regiments and companies in the field does not exceed 20,000 men, including a numerous invalid list. The forces called out by regiments, and separate or independent companies, and now in service, equal 33 regiments and 1 battalion, and require not less than 15,000 men to complete the establishment.

"General and staff officers provided for the volunteer troops. The number of general and staff officers appointed for the volunteer forces, under the acts of July 5, 1838, June 18 and June 26, 1846,