580. Rosemary or anthoss. [Anthoss or rosemary.]

581.

Sesame or sesamum-seed, or bene.

582. Thyme [red, or origanum; thyme, white, valerian.] or origanum, red or white, valerian.

583. Pepper, unground, of all kinds.1

584. Pimento, unground.

[Pimento, and black, white, and red or cayenne pepper; five cents per pound.]

[Ground pimento and ground pepper of all kinds; ten cents per pound.]1

585. cake.2

586.

Saffron and safflower, and extract of, and saffron

[Salep] Selep, or saloup.3

587. Storax, or styrax.

591.

Valonia.4

Vegetable and mineral wax. [Wax, bay or myrtle, Brazilian, and Chinese.]

592. Wood ashes, and lye of, and beet-root ashes. 593. Acids used for medicinal, chemical, or [and] manufacturing purposes, not [otherwise] specially enumerated or provided for in this act.5

1 Dried sweet Mexican peppers were held dutiable, by assimilation, as "red or cayenne pepper. (S. 3301.)

2 An article imitating the saffron of commerce, and consisting of flowers of calendula officinalis, colored to resemble Spanish saffron, and intended for its adulteration, held dutiable as an unenumerated manufactured article. (S. 3330.)

3" Selep" is a misspelling; so is "Saloup." The article meant is Salep, Salop, or Saloop.-Worcester.

4 Valonia, under the former law, was classed as free, under "berries, nuts, and vegetables for dyeing, or used for composing dyes, not otherwise provided for."

5 See note to § 12, Chemical schedule, supra.

Alizarine, a product of coal tar, or artificial alizarine, as it was styled when first made, to distinguish it from alizarine produced from madder-root, and free, was made free by act of February 8, 1875, having previously been held dutiable by the department as an unenumerated manufactured product, and not as an aniline dye. See note to Coal tars, etc., § 82, Chemical schedule, supra.

The department refused to permit crude onyx to be entered free of duty, but assessed it at ten per cent. as an unenumerated article. (S. 4842.)

597. Asbestos, unmanufactured.

598. Arsenic.

599. Antimony ore, [and] crude sulphide [sulphuret] of.1

600. Arsenic, sulphide of, or orpiment.

601. Arseniate of aniline.

602. Baryta, carbonate or witherite.

603. Bauxite.

604. Aniline salts or black salts 2 and black tares.

605. Bromine.

606. Cadmium.

607. Calamine.

608. Cerium.

609. Cobalt, as metallic arsenic.3

610. Chalk and cliff-stone, unmanufactured.

611. Feldspar [twenty per centum ad valorem]. 612. Cryolite or kryolith [kryolite].

615. Kyanite or cyanite [or kyanite], and kainite. 616. Lime, citrate of [lime].

617. Lime, chloride of [lime], or bleaching powder.

618. Magnesium.

619. Magnesite, or native mineral carbonate of magnesia.5 620. Manganese, oxide and ore of.

1 If ground, held dutiable. (S. 5473.)

2 The enumeration "black salts," held to be limited to crude potash (S. 1381, 5096); but see § 62, Chemical schedule, where crude potash is named as dutiable at twenty per cent.

"cobaltum crystals,"

3 Sometimes known, commercially, as "cobalt crystals" or under which terms it was held dutiable as an unenumerated article. (S. 2945, 3168.)

4 Under the former law, kieserite was held dutiable at twenty per cent. as a mineral or bituminous substance in a crude state not otherwise provided for. (S. 680.)

5 Under decision of department (S. 2875), ground magnesite was held dutiable as carbonate of magnesia. But later (S. 5304) ground magnesite, defined as a native carbonate magnesium, distinguishable from the carbonate of magnesia of commerce in that the former is quite gritty while the latter has a smooth grain, was held chargeable with twenty per cent., as an unenumerated mineral substance.

6 Oxide of manganese, though ground, held free. (S. 2915.) An article shown, upon analysis, not to be either of the oxides of manganese known to commerce, but a chemical salt differing from them both in composition and in color, held dutiable at twenty per cent. as a chemical salt or mineral substance in a crude state, not otherwise provided for. (S. 3410.) Manganese ore is not to be held dutiable because it is to be used in the manufacture of iron, and because it does not contain metallic manganese in the usual quantity (S. 4095); but held, that to be classed as manganese, and not as manganiferous iron ore, it must contain fifty per cent. or more of manganese, and not more than ten per cent. of iron. (S. 4114.)

624. Paraffine [ten cents per pound].

625. Phosphates, crude or native, for fertilizing purposes. 626. [Potassa] Potash, muriate of.

627. Plaster of Paris or sulphate of lime, unground.2 628. Quinia, sulphate of, salts of, and cinchonidia.3 629. Soda, nitrate of [soda], or cubic [nitre] nitrate. 630. Strontia, oxide of, [or] and proto-oxide of [strontium], strontian, and strontianite, or mineral carbonate of

strontia.

631. Sulphur, or brimstone, not specially enumerated or provided for in this act. [Brimstone, crude.] 632. Sulphur lac or precipitated.

633. Tripoli.

634. Uranium, oxide of, verdigris or subacetate of copper.

635. Drugs, barks, beans, berries, balsams, buds, bulbs, and bulbous roots and excrescences, such as nut-galls, fruits, flowers, dried fibres; grains, gums, and gum-resin, herbs, leaves, lichens, mosses, nuts, roots, and stems; spices, vege

1 A natural mineral-water, artificially charged with gas, does not thereby lose its character of a natural mineral water. (S. 3148.) A natural mineral water, boiled, and put up in small bottles, for use as a specific, not as a beverage, is neither a natural nor an artificial mineral water, but is dutiable as a medicinal preparation not otherwise provided for. (S. 3170.) A natural mineral water, allowed to stand for some time before bottling, in order that it may settle, does not thereby become other than a natural mineral water. (S. 4073.) Apollinaris is a natural mineral water. (S. 5115.) By order of the department a certificate of the owner or manager of the spring must accompany invoices of natural mineral waters, showing that they are in fact such, and naming the spring from which they come. (S. 2973, 3963.)

2 Cracked-rock plaster, advanced beyond the condition of unground plaster, and somewhat resembling ground plaster, held dutiable as an unenumerated article manufactured in whole or in part. (S. 2573.)

8 By the Revised Statutes, duties were imposed on [Quinine, salts of, other than sulphate of, forty-five per centum ad valorem; sulphate of, twenty per centum ad valorem.] Act of July 1, 1879, made salts of quinine and sulphate of quinine free. Sulphate of cinehonidia was, however, both before and after the passage of the act of 1879, held dutiable at forty per cent. as a medicinal preparation not otherwise provided for.

* See note to Sulphur. Chemical schedule, § 77.

5 Merchandise invoiced as "uranium oxyd natron," held dutiable at twenty per cent. as a chemical salt not otherwise provided for, it being a uranite of soda, used for porcelain painting, and generally known as " uranium yellow." (S. 4293.)

For distinction between gum-resin crude, as Chian turpentine, and the same classified and prepared as a medicinal preparation, see S. 4701, 5114.

-

tables, seeds aromatic, and seeds of morbid growth; weeds, woods used expressely for dyeing, and dried insects — any of the foregoing, of which are not edible and are in a crude state, and not advanced in value or condition by refining or grinding, or by other process of manufacture, and not specially enumerated or provided for in this act.

636. [Cow or kine pox, or] Vaccine virus.

637. Crude minerals, not advanced in value or condition by refining or grinding, or by other process of manufacture, not specially enumerated or provided for in this act.

[Mineral and bituminous substances in a crude state not otherwise provided for; twenty per centum ad valorem.]

639. Amber beads and [amber] gum. 2

640. Animals, brought into the United States temporarily, and for a period not exceeding six months, for the purpose of exhibition or competition for prizes offered by any agricultural or racing association; but a bond shall be first given in accordance with the regulations [to be prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury, with the condition that the full duty to which such animals would otherwise be liable shall be paid, in case of their sale, to the United States, or if not reëxported within six months].

641. Animals [alive], specially imported for breeding purposes [from beyond the seas] shall be admitted free upon proof thereof satisfactory to the Secretary of the Treasury, and under such regulations as he may prescribe; 3 and

1 Aluminium in sheets held entitled to free entry (S. 3770); but not when imported in books, being then deemed ready for use, and an unenumerated manufactured article. (S. 5298.)

2 Necklaces of amber beads, held entitled to free entry; amber-bead crosses, formed on a brass base, held dutiable as a manufacture of brass. (S. 3389.)

The department holds that young animals may be imported free under this provision, if they are to be used eventually for breeding purposes. (S. 2860.) The department has always held that animals imported for breeding purposes, to be entitled to free entry, must be of "superior stock," but the Supreme Court has just decided that the Secretary of the Treasury is without power to impose this limitation. (Morrill v. Jones, Jan. 8, 1883.)

The department has held that blood cattle and sheep, if imported for breeding purposes, are entitled to free entry, whether intended for owner's own use or for sale (S. 789, 931); and has recently ruled that when an importer makes oath that mares are imported for breeding purposes, the oath and the consul's certificate will be

teams of animals, including their harness and tackle and the vehicles or wagons actually owned by persons emigrating from foreign countries to the United States with their families, and in actual use for the purpose of such emigration, shall also he admitted free of duty, under such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe.1

642. Asphaltum and bitumen,2 crude [twenty-five per centum ad valorem]:

643. Arrowroot [thirty per centum ad valorem].

644. Articles imported for the use of the United States, provided that the price of the same did not include the duty.

645. Bamboo reeds, no further manufactured than cut into suitable lengths for walking-sticks or canes, or for sticks for umbrellas, parasols, or sun-shades.

646. Bamboo [bamboos], unmanufactured.

647. Barrels of American manufacture, exported filled with domestic petroleum, and returned empty, under such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe, and without requiring the filling [filing] of a declaration at time of export of intent to return the same empty.3

648. Articles, the growth, produce, and manufacture of the United States, when returned in the same condition as exported.4 Casks, barrels, carboys, bags, and other vessels

treated as conclusive, it being difficult to establish a different rule in the case of mares from that applied in the case of blood cattle and of sheep. (S. 5664.) The rule of the department has been that, when animals were imported for breeding purposes, the importer must produce a consular certificate showing that the animals were purchased abroad, and for breeding purposes, or, failing in the production of such certificate, must give bond to produce it. (S. 2548.)

1 Trotting horses are not entitled to free entry under this provision. (S. 1740.) Teams cannot be brought in under this provision, long after the immigration of the owner. (S. 4136, 4249.)

The actual and necessary use, before and after the act of immigration, determines the question of admission free of duty, although at the time of entry into the United States the team was conveyed in a railroad car or separated from the owner. (S. 1929, 2056, 3143.)

An unmarried immigrant may bring in his team free of duty in the same manner as though he were married. (S. 4902.)

2 Bitumen, under the former law, was classed with "mineral and bituminous substances in a crude state, not otherwise provided for, twenty per centum ad valorem." Bitumen de Indie is merely another name for asphaltum. (S. 4753.) Ground limestone-rock, mixed with asphaltum, was classed as asphaltum.` (S. 3792.)

3 Such barrels may be re-coopered abroad without forfeiting their right to free entry. (S. 3810.)

Horses sent to Canada to be trained, held entitled to free entry upon their return (S. 2190); but held, that where a horse so sent to Canada, was there trotted in public races, and after being returned, was sold at a greatly enhanced price, duties should