skill in embroidery. On the 27th, in Newfoundland, aged 66, the Hon. J. S. Pitts, C.M.G., long a member of the Newfoundland State Council and frequently a Minister of the Colony, and one of its most prominent citizens commercially. On the 27th, also in Newfoundland, aged 79, Daniel Woodley Prowse, C.M.G., Judge of the Newfoundland District Court, 1869-98, author of an important history of the island and of a "Manual for Magistrates." On the 27th, aged 55, Robert Traill Omond, Hon. LL.D. Edin., Superintendent of the Ben Nevis Observatory, 1883-95; an eminent meteorologist. On the 28th, aged 62, Sir Frederick James Mirrielees, K.C.M.G., sometime partner in Donald Currie & Co., Chairman of the Union-Castle Line, 1909-12. On the 28th, aged 84, Shelby M. Cullom, a Republican Senator from Illinois (1885-1913) and for many years Chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. On the 28th, aged 77, Frederick Morshead, sometime Fellow of New College, Oxford, house-master at Winchester, 1869-1905; twice Mayor of Winchester; an early Alpine climber and a classical scholar of distinction. On the 29th, aged 70, Colonel Olliver Thomas Duke, sometime 5th Battalion Rifle Brigade; an army surgeon, distinguished in the Afghan War; Political Officer at Kelat and subsequently Civil Commissioner in Rhodesia, Unionist Parliamentary candidate in Bedfordshire (Luton), 1895, and in Stirling, 1900, and for a time secretary to the LiberalUnionist party. On the 30th, aged 71, John Burnett, chief Labour correspondent of the Board of Trade, 1886-1907, in which capacity he had settled many labour disputes; secretary of the Amalgamated Society of Engineers, 1875-86; Assistant Secretary of the Labour Commission; had been on the Newcastle Chronicle, and led the engineers' strike for a nine hours day in 1871; one of the ablest Labour leaders. On the 31st, aged 69, Henry Jephson, J.P., & Progressive member of the London County Council since 1901, and long in the Irish Civil Service. On the 31st, aged 74, Cardinal Casimir Gennari, sometime Bishop of Conversano in Apulia, and latterly President of the Congregation of Council; created Cardinal, 1901. On the 31st, aged about 70, Mahmud Skrem Bey Redjaizade, a Turkish professor of literature, poet, novelist, and reformer, and Minister of Education in 1908; a reformer of literary Turkish. In January, aged 75, Edwin Gunn, of Boston, head of a wellknown publishing firm; established and endowed the World's Peace Foundation.

FEBRUARY.

Said Pasha ("Little Said "), seven times Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire, d. about February 28, aged 75. Associated with his patron, Mahmud Djelal-ed-Din Pasha Damad, in the intrigue which placed Abdul Hamid on the throne in 1876, he was appointed First Secretary to the new Sultan, and successively held various Ministerial offices until his appointment as Grand Vizier in October, 1879. In this capacity he attempted reforms, and consented to the cession of Thessaly to Greece; and, with two brief interruptions, he remained in power till 1885, when he resigned on the occupation of Eastern Roumelia by Bulgaria. In 1895 he again became Grand Vizier to carry out the Armenian reforms advocated by the Powers; but he was compelled to resign and to take refuge in the British Embassy, where he remained until the Sultan promised the British Ambassador to hold him harmless. He again became Grand Vizier, 1901-3, and again for a short period after the Turkish Revolution in 1908; and in April, 1909, after the counterRevolution he was called upon, as President of the Senate and National Assembly, to proclaim the deposition of Abdul Hamid. He was President of the Council of State from 1909 to his death.

He was accounted a friend of Great
Britain.

General Sir James Macleod Bannatyne Fraser Tytler, G.C.B., d. in February, aged 92. The youngest s. of William Fraser-Tytler of Aldourie, Inverness-shire, he entered the 37th Bengal Native Infantry in 1841, served in the first Afghan War, when he was severely wounded in a skirmish, and the Sikh War of 1848-9, and in the operations before Lucknow under Sir Henry Havelock, in which he was dangerously wounded during the first relief of Lucknow, and was highly commended for his gallant conduct. He commanded the Bhutan Field Force in 1864 with great distinction, and his capture of the Bala Pass was described by Lord Strathnairn as the most brilliant feat of arms in Indian mountain warfare. He m., 1868, Anne, dau. of T. H. Langly; she d. 1896. His niece m. Mr. G. F. Watts, R.A.

Professor Driver. The Rev. Samuel Rolles Driver, D.D., Regius Professor of Hebrew in the University of Oxford and Canon of Christ Church, d. in that city on February 26, aged 67. Educated at Winchester and New

College, Oxford, he obtained a First Class in Classical and a Second in Mathematical Moderations in 1867, & First in Lit. Hum. in 1869, the Pusey and Ellerton and Kennicott Hebrew scholarships and the Senior Septuagint and Syriac prizes, and a Fellowship_at his College. In 1882 he succeeded Dr. Pusey as Regius Professor of Hebrew. Among his works were an Introduction to Old Testament Literature (last edition 1909), Commentaries on Genesis, Exodus, Deuteronomy, Joel and Amos, and Job, and works on Isaiah and Jeremiah. He had many honorary degrees and other distinctions and was a Fellow of the British Academy. He combined. modern critical views as to the text of the Old Testament and its origins with a thorough belief in its Divine authority and inspiration. He m., 1891, Mabel, dau. of Edmund Burr, and left children.

famous London

Sir John Tenniel, the Punch artist, died at his résidence on February 25, only three days before completing his 94th year. B. in 1820, he succeeded in 1845 in one of the competitions for the cartoons to be placed in Westminster Hall, and in 1850 his illustrations to 66 Æsop's Fables" induced Mark Lemon, editor of Punch, to invite him to join its staff. The vacancy had been caused by the departure of Richard Doyle, who was offended, being a Roman Catholic, by the paper's attacks on his Church. From 1851 to 1864 he or John Leech drew the

weekly full-page political cartoon, and
after Leech's death, in 1864, he did it
weekly till his retirement in 1901, dis-
playing an amazing fertility of invention
and of seizing the essence of political
events. He revolutionised and refined
the art of political caricature, and was
never malicious or offensive in his draw-
ings. He illustrated, amongst other
books, the " Ingoldsby Legends
,, and
"Alice in Wonderland," and was the
author of the mosaic of Leonardo da
Vinci in the Victoria and Albert Museum.
He also exhibited occasionally at the
Royal Institute of Painters in Water
Colours. Latterly his sight failed.

a doctor, he was adopted by a Samurai of the Chioshiu clan, and sent to Germany to study in 1869, and became Secretary of the Berlin Legation, 1873, and Minister, 1875. Returning to Japan in 1886, he became Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs; Minister of Foreign Affairs, 1889-91, and then returned as Minister to Berlin till 1898. He was again Minister of Foreign Affairs, 18981900. In 1906-7 he was Ambassador to Washington. Most of his work was in the revision of the treaties between Japan and other nations, in which he was singularly successful. He m. a German lady, and their daughter became Countess Hatzfeld.

On the 1st, aged 76, Sir Thomas William Snagge, K.C.M.G., Judge of County Courts in Oxfordshire and Recorder of Woodstock; among other public services, he had conducted an inquiry into the "White Slave Traffic," on which was based the Criminal Law Amendment Act, 1885; had subsequently been British delegate at international Conferences on the traffic; appointed a County Court Judge, 1883; an antiquary of some distinction. On the 1st, aged 83, Albert Charles Lewis Gotthelf Günther, Ph.D., M.D., F.R.S., F.Z.S., Keeper of Zoology in the Natural History Museum, 1875-95; a German by birth, and educated at the Universities of Tübingen and Bonn; had served on the staff since 1864, and prepared ten volumes of the Zoological catalogue, dealing especially with fishes and certain reptiles, on which he wrote other and independent works; founder of the Zoological Record, and editor of the Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 1878-1908; one of the leading zoologists of his generation. About the 1st, aged 81, BrigadierGeneral James Grant-Wilson, a native of Edinburgh, and Colonel of a negro regiment of cavalry in the War of Secession; author of a "Life of General Grant," and books on Pepys, Bryant, and Thackeray. On the 2nd, aged 67, Vice-Admiral Germinet, of the French Navy, sometime commander of the Mediterranean Squadron; removed from this post in 1908 owing to his confirmation in a newspaper interview of a statement that the ammunition of the squadron was inadequate; had also restored order as Acting Maritime Prefect at Brest during the dockyard strike of 1904; President since 1912 of the Technical Commission for Reorganising the personnel of the French Navy, and a Grand Officer of the Legion of Honour. On the 2nd, aged 63, William Octavius Moberly, assistant master at Clifton College, 1874-1913; educated at Balliol College, Oxford; had been a noted cricketer and Rugby football player. About the 4th, aged 81, the Hon. Sir George Phillippo; had served in legal or judicial posts in West Africa, British Columbia, British Guiana, and the Straits Settlements; Chief Justice of Hong-Kong, 1881-8; British Consul at Geneva, 1897-1910. About the 4th, aged 69, Albert Neuhuijs, a Dutch artist of some

F

eminence; described by The Times as "a worthy successor of the little masters of the seventeenth century." On the 7th, aged 53, Dr. Julia Anne Hornblower Cock, M.D., Brussels, Dean of the London School of Medicine for Women. On the 8th, aged 86, Sir Dayrolles Blakeney Eveleigh De Moleyns, Bt., fourth Baron Ventry in the peerage of Ireland, and a Representative Peer since 1871; m., 1860, Harriet, dau. of Andrew Wauchope; succeeded by his eldest s. On the 8th, aged 70, the Rev. Jonathan Brierly, B.A., & Congregational Minister and well-known preacher and essayist, especially in the columns of the Christian World. On the 9th, aged 50, Horace Rendall Mansfield, Liberal M.P. for Lincolnshire (Spalding), 1906-10, a prominent Primitive Methodist. About the 9th, aged 43, John Gordon Lorimer, C.I.E., I.C.S., Political Officer on the Indian Frontier during the troubles of 1897-1901; served also in various political capacities from 1904 to his death, in Persia and Mesopotamia, and was for a time H.M. Consul-General at Baghdad. On the 9th, aged 59, Major-General Sir Stuart Brownlow Beatson, K.C.B., K.C.S.I., K.C.V.O.; had served in the Afghan War, 1878-9, in the Burmese Pacification Campaign, in the N. W. Frontier warfare of 1897-8 and in the South African War; Inspector-General of Imperial Service troops, 1900-7; had accompanied the King and Queen in their Durbar tour of 1911-12. On the 9th, aged 67, William Wightman Wood, County Court Judge since 1894; had rowed in the Eton Eight in 1863-4, and the Oxford University Eight, 1866 and 1867; founder of the Eton College Chronicle. On the 10th, aged 71, Charles C. Connor, Unionist M.P. for North Antrim, 1892-5, and thrice Mayor of Belfast. On the 11th, aged 85, Colonel Alexander Ross Clarke, C.B., F.R.S., sometime R.E.; for many years in charge of the Trigonometrical Department of the Ordnance Survey; a leading authority on Geodesy, and representative of Great Britain (with the Astronomer Royal) at the International Geodetic Congress in Rome, 1883; his researches had largely aided in ascertaining the precise shape of the earth; held many scientific distinctions. On the 12th, aged 90, the Rev. Augustus Jessopp, since 1875 Hon. Canon of Norwich, and Rector of Scarning, Norfolk, 1899-1911; previously Headmaster of Helston Grammar School, 1854-9, and King Edward's School, Norwich, 1859-79; a very successful writer, largely in the Nineteenth Century, on archæological subjects and on past and present village life; wrote also "One Generation of a Norfolk House," 1878; a 66 History of the Diocese of Norwich," 1879; "Arcady for Better or Worse," 1881; "The Trials of a Country Parson," 1890; and edited several works; Hon. Fellow of his College (St. John's, Cambridge), and of Worcester College, Oxford; Chaplain in Ordinary to King Edward VII., 1902-10. On the 12th, aged 80, Major Frederick Bradford McCrea, sometime King's Liverpool Regiment, founder of the Army and Navy Co-operative Stores. On the 12th, aged 86, Mrs. Jacintha Shelley Leigh Hunt Chestnam, widow of Charles Smith Cheltnam, an artist and journalist of considerable talent, and last surviving child of Leigh Hunt, the poet and essayist. On the 13th, aged 66, Sir Alexander Cross, first Baronet (cr. 1912), Unionist M.P. for Glasgow (Camlachie), 1892; eventually returned to the Liberal party, but was defeated at the general election of January, 1910; had actively promoted the House Letting (Scotland) Act of 1911, and had been President of the Scottish Chamber of Agriculture; m. (1) 1894, Jessie, dau. of Sir Peter Coats; she d. 1901; (2) 1908, Agnes, dau. of J. G. Lawrie; succeeded by his On the 13th, aged 60, in Paris, Alphonse Bertillon, inventor of the anthropometric system of identifying criminals, which he suggested in 1880; also a pioneer in the "reconstruction" of crimes by photography, an expert in handwriting, and an ethnologist; wrote works on these subjects; the son and grandson of eminent ethnologists. On the 14th, aged 75, Augustus O. Bacon, U.S. Senator from Georgia since 1894; had fought in the War of Secession and taken a leading part in politics in his State; for many years a member of the Foreign Relations Committee and latterly its chairman; the first Senator elected by direct popular vote. About the 14th, aged 79, Batty Langley, Liberal M.P. for Sheffield (Attercliffe), 1894-1909; Mayor of Sheffield, 1892, and long prominent in its municipal affairs; a leading local Congregationalist. On the 15th, aged 85, John Harjes, sometime partner with Mr. J. Pierpont Morgan in the Paris firm of Morgan, Harjes and Co. On the 15th, aged 75, the Rt. Hon. Thomas Sinclair, P.C., an eminent Ulsterman; originally a Liberal, he left the party on the Home Rule split and took a leading part in founding the Ulster Liberal-Unionist Association; an active Covenanter, and the originator of the Sustentation Scheme for the Presbyterian Church in Ireland after the withdrawal of the Regium Donum in 1869; a member of Sir Horace Plunkett's "Recess Committee," which led to the establishment of the Department of Agriculture and Technical Instruction; a distinguished graduate of the old Queen's University, in the better equipment of which he had taken a prominent part; head of a prominent Belfast firm of provision merchants. On the 16th, aged 79, the Rev.

Sir William Vincent, twelfth Baronet, half-brother of Sir C. E. Howard Vincent, M.P., and Sir Edgar Vincent; Rector of Portwick, Norfolk, 1864-87; succeeded his father, 1883; active in Surrey county business from 1887, serving as Chairman of Quarter Sessions and also of the County Council; m. (1) 1860, Lady Margaret Erskine, dau. of the twelfth Earl of Buchan; she d. 1872; (2) Margaret, dau. of John Holmes; succeeded by his s. On the 17th, aged 56, Sir Frank Ree, general manager since 1909 of the London & North-Western Railway, and a high authority on railway management. On the 18th, aged 86, the Rev. Maurice William Ferdinand St. John, D.D., Canon of Gloucester, and grandson of the fifth Viscount St. John; Vicar of Frampton-on-Severn, 1853-80, and of Kempsford, 1880-98; sometime Inspector of Schools, and Proctor in Convocation for the diocese of Gloucester. On the 18th, aged 86, the Rev. Thomas Henry Rodie Shand, Prebendary of Chichester and Rector since 1879 of Clayton with Keymer-Sussex; sometime Fellow and Vice-Principal of Brasenose College, Oxford, and an examiner in the mathematical schools of the University. On the 18th, aged about 75, Fanny van der Grift Stevenson, widow of R. L. Stevenson, the novelist; born in Indiana, she first m. Mr. Samuel Osbourne, from whom she was divorced; their son Lloyd, himself a novelist, collaborated with his stepfather in several of his works; she m. R. L. Stevenson in 1880, and lived with him at Vailima, and assisted him greatly by criticism of his work; he paid a striking tribute to her in "Songs of Travel." On the 19th, aged 90, the Rev. Francis Lear, Canon of Salisbury, Rector of Bishopstone, 1850-1914; Examining Chaplain to three successive Bishops of Salisbury; sometime Chancellor and subsequently Precentor of Salisbury Cathedral, and Archdeacon of Sarun, 1885-1913; prominent and popular in the diocese; a High Churchman. On the 19th, aged 74, Henry Charles Manners-Sutton, fourth Viscount Canterbury; succeeded his father, 1877; m., 1872, Amye Rachel, dau. of the Hon. Frederick Walpole; succeeded by his s. On the 20th, aged 36, Horace Edward Wilkie Young, British Vice-Consul at Philippopolis since 1912; had held a succession of Consular appointments in the Near East, and hastened his death by his great exertions as agent of the Balkan War Relief Fund. On the 21st, aged 86, Constantia Annie, widow of Bishop Ellicott of Gloucester and Bristol, and dau. of Admiral Becher; famous for her own musical gifts, the friend of many composers and vocalists, and an active promoter of the welfare of young singers and of the working girls of her husband's diocese. About the 21st, aged 73, Henry Moore Teller, first Senator (Republican) from Colorado, Secretary of the Interior in President Arthur's Cabinet, 1882-5; then again a Senator till 1909; became a Democrat during the "free silver" agitation. On the 22nd, at Philadelphia, aged 61, Joseph Fels, maker of the well-known" Fels-Naphtha Soap," and one of the most active supporters of the " singletax on land, and of the "land values campaign" in Great Britain and elsewhere. On the 22nd, aged 78, Ivor Bertie Guest, first Baron Wimborne; his family had been long associated with the famous Dowlais Ironworks; had begun life as a Liberal, but had repeatedly stood as a Conservative candidate between 1874 and 1880, when he was made a Peer; reverted to Liberalism on the fiscal question; m., 1868, Lady Cornelia Henrietta Maria Spencer-Churchill, dau. of the seventh Duke of Marlborough; succeeded by his eldest s., raised to the peerage as Lord Ashby St. Ledgers in March, 1910. On the 23rd, aged 98, Henry Griffith, senior Bencher of Gray's Inn and sometime its Treasurer. On the 25th, aged 68, William John Rivington, for many years a member of the publishing firm of Sampson Low & Co., President of the Newspaper Society of Great Britain, 1899-1900. On the 25th, aged 62, William Henry Forbes, sometime Scholar and Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford, and Ireland Scholar, 1871; a distinguished Etonian; chief collaborator with Jowett in his translation of Thucydides; gave much friendly assistance to poor students and to boys' clubs. About the 25th, aged 92, Vice-Admiral Krantz, Minister of Marine and the Colonies in the Tirard Cabinets of 1388 and 1889, and the Floquet Cabinet, 1888-9; active in the defence of Paris; held various important naval posts till his retirement from active service in 1886. On the 27th, aged 67, Colonel Evelyn Henry Llewellyn, 4th battalion Somersetshire Light Infantry, Unionist M.P. for North Somerset, 1885-92 and 1895-1906. On the 27th, aged 81, Cardinal Katschthaler, Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg since 1900, and Primate of Austria; had actively promoted the foundation of a Catholic University at Salzburg. On the 28th, aged 68, James Hamilton Wylie, D.Litt., sometime Ford Lecturer at Oxford, and an authority on Medieval history. On the 28th, aged 71, Richard Ouseley Blake Lane, K.C., & London Police Magistrate, 1893-1910. In February, aged 85, Theodore De Vinne, head of a famous New York printing firm, and author of works on printing. In February, aged 51, James Duff Brown, Librarian of the Islington Public Library; had written numerous works on library subjects and on music.

MARCH.