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Conclusion

To sum up:

records released

We have looked at over 1,300 tunes licensed for regular price to the trade by 2 prominent record companies over the better part of 1974 and more than 1,200 other licensed tunes on budget albums, all as set forth in Exhibit 21. From this exhibit we see the following: More than 99% of all licensed royalty rates were at the statutory rate or at generally available, standard variations therefrom. Only 15 rates or 0.6% of those licensed have been characterized as other than standard variations from the statutory rate.

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For regular price singles, the 2¢ statutory rate is
essentially the rate.

For regular price LP albums, the 24 statutory rate was
payable for more than 80% of the licensed tunes, and the
rates above and below 2¢ represented generally available
standard variants from the statutory rate.

For other than regular price records, including both budget
label product released to the trade and "Club" records,
royalty rates below 2¢ are the norm and all but a few rates
are at standard variations from the regular commercial

rates.

In short, just as we showed 10 years ago, the statutory rate of 2¢ and standard, generally available, non-discriminatory variations there from account for the overwhelming bulk of all rates paid (exclusive of public domain material). The statutory rate, flatly contrary to the arguments of the publishing companies, is not "merely a ceiling". The statutory rate and standard variations are overwhelmingyly the norm. There is not, and has not been any significant amount of "bargaining" or real negotiation about these rates. Nor would there be in the future under any higher rate. Any statutory rate would become the norm. The outcome and the effects of a higher rate can be forecast with confidence.

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Rates other than standard or ke intervals or percentage thereof.

Source: Two major record companies having an estimated unit sales volume in 1974 of 50 million records.

TECHNICAL APPENDIX

TO THE

STATEMENT OF JOHN DESMOND GLOVER

ON

H.R. 2223, SECTION 115

BEFORE

SUBCOMMITTEE ON

COURTS, CIVIL LIBERTIES,

AND THE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE

OF THE COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY

UNITED STATES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
NINETY-FOURTH CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION

September 11, 1975

119

PREFACE

This Technical Appendix explains, supports and amplifies the data contained in the "Statement on Sec. 115 of H.R. 2223 of John Desmond Glover, Director, Cambridge Research Institute" before the Subcommittee on Courts, Civil Liberties, and the Administration of Just rice of the Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. House of Representatives, September 11, 1975. The statement was based upon a study of economic effects of proposed changes in provisions of the copyright law relating to the licensing of copyrighted music for recordings. This was the second such study conducted in ten years.

The material that follows is organized into two main sections. The first section supports exhibits in the Summary Statement (pages 1 to 31 herein) presented orally by Dr. Glover to the Subcommittee. References are provided to specific sections of the full statement which explain the conclusions stated in the Summary exhibits. The second section supports exhibits in the full statement, as needed.

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E.

Mechanical Royalties Paid Per Released Tune Outpace Inflation
and Median Family Income, 1963-1972

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J.

In 1974 as in 1963 Tunes were Licensed at 24 or Standard
Variations

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2 & 3.

4.

INCOME TO COPYRIGHT OWNERS FROM RECORDINGS, 1973 vs. 1963
STATUTORY MECHANICAL ROYALTIES PAID PER RELEASE OF RECORDED TUNES:
1963 vs. 1972

126

132

S.

ESTIMATED FINANCIAL STATISTICS AND INCOME STATEMENT FOR THE U.S.
RECORDING INDUSTRY, 1955-1974

132

6. STATUTORY LICENSE ROYALTIES PER TOP 150 LP ALBUMS IN 1973 AT VARIOUS 158 STATUTORY RATES

7.

8.

9.

FINANCIAL IMPACTS OF PROPOSED INCREASED MECHANICAL ROYALTIES ON
MUSIC PUBLISHING INDUSTRY AND RECORDING INDUSTRY, 1971-1974
MECHANICAL ROYALTIES COMPARED TO RECORDING INDUSTRY PRE-TAX
PROFITS FROM RECORDS MADE AND SOLD IN THE UNITED STATES, 1971-1974
IMPACT OF A COPYRIGHT ROYALTY INCREASE ON CONSUMER PRICE

159

160

160

10.

COST TO CONSUMERS OF A 3 STATUTORY LICENSE RATE

161

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