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Eggleston, General, Republican leader in Miss., 336. Eliot, Thomas D., helps organize Republican party, 114. Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln presents to cabinet, decides to delay promulgation of, 257; reintroduces, 258; discussed and approved by cabinet, issued (1862), 259; goes into effect, immediate results of, 260 ff. Emerson, Ralph Waldo, in antislavery movement, 56; in literature, 94; influence of, 143; pen picture of John Brown by, 160; 243.

"End of an Era, The," 169. English bill, the, 151. Evarts, William M., in Republican convention (1860), 191, 192; defends President Johnson, 312; Secy. of State under Hayes, 353. Everett, Edward, nominated for Presidency, 189.

FEDERALIST PARTY, principles of,

20.

Fee, John G., and Berea College, 73, 170. Fessenden, William P., in Senate,

114; in Republican party, 127; heads reconstruction committee, 281; in U. S. Senate, 283; sketch of, 284, 285; opposes President Johnson's plan of reconstruction, 286; votes to acquit Pres. Johnson, 312; death of, 331. Fillmore, Millard, becomes Presi

dent, character of, 90; candidate for Presidential nomination, 92; nominated (1856) by "Knownothings," 129.

Fish, Hamilton, in Senate, 114; in settlement of Alabama claims, 325.

Fisk University, 358.

Florida, secedes, 225; emancipation in, 260; provisional gov't of, 275; reconstructed, 310; rel. number of negro voters in, 311; Presidential vote of contested (1876), 348 ff. "Flower de Hundred," 100.

Floyd, John B., Secy. of War, re

signs, 224.

Foot, Solomon, in Senate, 114. Force bill, of 1833, 33;-proposed, of 1875, defeated in Senate, 345.

Fort Moultrie, commanded by Anderson, 223; Buchanan refuses to aid, 224; abandoned by Anderson, 224; occupied by So. Carolinians, 224.

Fort Sumter, Anderson removes to, 224; debate over, 233; Lincoln sends aid to, 234; Confederates attack and take, 235. Fortune, T. Thomas, 379. Fowler, Senator, votes to acquit Pres. Johnson, 312. Franklin, Benjamin, 8;

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labors against slavery, skill of as a leader, 19.

Freedmen's Bureau, 287, 289; Pres. Johnson vetoes bill to increase powers of, 294; bill amended, passed, 297; labors of, 357, 362. "Free Soil" party, previously "Liberty' party, gains from Whigs and Democrats, 81. "Free Soilers," convention of (1848), nominates Van Buren, 82; form alliance with Democrats, 92; nominate John P. Hale for President, lose Democratic allies, 93; vote against Kansas-Nebraska bill in House, 114; unite with Whigs in Mich. in formation of Republican party, 115; in Republican party, 127.

Free State men, in Kansas struggle, 117 ff; refuse to vote in Kansas, 150; give up separate organization, and win, 152; triumph of, 153.

Fremont, John C. (Gen.), nomi

nated for President, 126; sketch of, 126 ff; declares martial law, and emancipation of slaves in Missouri, 248; emancipation measure of set aside by Lincoln, results of incident, 249. Fugitive slave law, demanded by South, 85; resisted in North, dissatisfaction over, 91.

Galveston Bulletin, view of reconstruction in, 267.

Garfield, James A., in House, 284, 331.

Garrison, Wm. Lloyd, becomes interested in emancipation, 39; early experiences, founds Liberator, principles, 40; founds New England Anti-Slavery Society, 44; fight of against slavery, 51 ff; aims and methods of, 52, 53; followers of divided, 54; personality of, 54; mobbed, 55; scorns Republican party, 127; propagandism of inflames North and South, 207; declares all war unchristian, 210; favors disunion, 217, 228. Geary, John W.,

governor

of

Kansas, 117, 121. Genius of Universal Emancipation, founded, 38; 39.

Georgia, demands representation in Congress based on slave numbers, II; refuses to join Union if slave trade forbidden, 12; forbids entry of free negroes into State, forbids circulation of insurrectionary pamphlets, 41; citizens of characterized, 137; becomes pivotal point of Southern politics, 138; considers secession (1860), 221, 225; secedes, 226; emancipation in, 260; provisional govt. formed, 275; signs of promise in during reconstruction period, 301; rights of negro conserved in, 302; readmitted, relative number of negro voters in, 311; Democrats regain control in, 323; discrimination against negro suffrage in, 384.

Giddings, Joshua, in "Free Soil" convention, 82. Godkin, E. L., 327.

Gold, at premium of 250, 264. Gorman bill to limit suffrage, defeated (1905), 383, note. Grand Army of the Republic, chooses negro commander in Mass., 406.

Grant, Ulysses S. (Gen.), votes for Buchanan, 130; refuses to exchange prisoners, 246; report

of on conditions in South after war, 286; on proper policy toward South, 302; against exclusion clauses of 14th amendment, 310; nominated for President, elected, 314; problems of administration, displays lack of statesmanship, 324 ff; defeats inflation policy, 325; personal honesty of, 326; strong opposition to develops, 327; prominent men and events of second term, 331 ff; growth of independence of, 332; recommends State govt. of Arkansas be declared illegal, 344; favors "Force bill," 345; disinclination of to further interference in South, 345; attitude of in disputed States in 1876, 349; remarks of to Lee on surrender, 354.

Greeley, Horace, votes for Taylor, 82; helps prolong Whig organization in N. Y., 115; sketch of, 140; opposes Seward in Republican canvention (1860), 191; criticises Lincoln, Lincoln's reply to, 255; supports Independ. Repub. movement, nominated for President, 328; nomination of indorsed by Democrats, weakness of as candidate, generous sentiment of toward South, 329; bitter opposition to, defeat and death of, 330. Grimes, Senator, votes to acquit President Johnson, 312.

HALE, Edward Everett, in New

Eng. Emigrant Aid Society, 116. Hale, Eugene, in House, 331. Hale, John P., nominated for President, 93.

Hamlin, Hannibal, nominated for Vice-President, 192.

Hampton, Wade, nominated for governor of So. Carolina; violence of campaign, 333; claims governorship, 348; governor,

353.

Hampton Institute, founded, 362; work at begun, success and growth of, 363 ff; work of, 377.

Harper's Ferry, raid on, by John Brown, 162 ff.

Harper's Weekly, opposes Greeley, 330.

H., cam

Harrison, Mrs. Burton, personal reminiscences of Virginia before the war, 100. Harrison, William paign of, 74. Hart, Albert Bushnell, gives estimate of wealth of negroes, 375. Harvard College, awards class oratorship to negro (Bruce of Miss.), 407.

Hawley, Joseph R. (Gen.), in House, 331.

Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 242. Hayes, Rutherford B., in House, 284; nominated for President, 347; election of claimed, 348 ff; declared elected, 352; ends military interference in South, inaugurates new régime, 353Hayne, Robert, debate of with Webster, 33.

Hedrick, Prof., driven from North Carolina for anti-slavery sentiments, 129. Helper, Hinton R., publishes The Impending Crisis, 109, 154; driven from N. C., 157. Henderson, Senator, votes to acquit Pres. Johnson, 312. Henry, Patrick, 8; views of on slavery, 19.

Herndon, William H., Lincoln's partner and friend, 179, 180. Higginson, Thomas Wentworth, supports John Brown, 160. Hilo (Hawaii) Manual School, 360.

Hoar, George F., characterizes Sumner, 282; describes polit. methods of Henry Wilson, 283; in House, 331; on Louisiana investigation committee, 343. Hoar, Samuel, driven from So. Carolina, 73; joins "Free Soil" party, 81.

Holt, Joseph, Secy. of War, 224. Holtzclaw, William, story of, 378.

Hopkins, John H. (Bishop), 141. Hopkins, Mark, as president of Williams College, 356.

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JACKSON, Andrew, characteristics, administration, 29; denounces nullification, 33; opposes circulation of anti-slavery literature through U. S. mails, 72. Jackson, Stonewall, 135. Jefferson, Thomas, 8; denounces slave trade in first draft of Decl. of Independ.; plans of for gradual emancipation, 9, 17-18, and for exclusion of slavery from unorganized territory, 9; polit. ideals, views on slavery, 17; unskillful as President, 21; fears of for Union; sympathies with slave States, jealous of State rights, 25, 250; on dangers of slavery, 391.

Jenkins, Charles J. (Gov.), pleads for negro rights in inaugural, 301.

Jerry, fugitive slave, rescued, 91. Johnson, Andrew, in Senate, 214; early life and character of, becomes President, 273; retains Lincoln's cabinet; Seward's in

fluence on, 274; issues proclamation of amnesty; appoints provisional governors in South, 275; favors qualified negro suffrage, 276; message (1865), 281; policy of reconstruction of opposed in Congress, 285 ff; supported by Democrats, 286; vetoes Freedmen's Bureau bill, 294, 296; loses support of party; undignified speech of strengthens opposition to, 295; vetoes Civil Rights bill, 297; strong opposition to reconstruction policy of, 303; undignified conduct of during tour of North, 304; impeachment and trial of, 311 ff; acquitted; in Senate; place of in history, 312. Johnson, Herschel V., nominated for Vice-President, 188; opposes immediate secession, 225. Johnson, Oliver, 44.

Johnson, Reverdy, in U. S. Senate, 284.

Jones, C. C. (Rev.), on condition

of slaves, 49.

KANSAS, struggle for, 116 ff; stringent slavery laws in, 117; forms issue of Repub. party's first campaign, 127; Walker appointed governor of; struggle in, 150 ff; admitted to Union, 152.

Kansas-Nebraska bill, 112; effects

of on election (1854), 115; results of, 116.

Kealing, H. T., 379.

Keitt, Lawrence, with Brooks in assault on Sumner, 122. Kellogg, William P., in government of Louisiana, 341. Kemble, Fanny, describes slavery in "A Residence on a Georgia Plantation," 103 ff. Kendall, Amos, 72. Kentucky, attempt to establish as free State, 22; refuses to consider secession, but promises to aid South if invaded, 227; remains in Union, 235; Lincoln tries to bind faster to Union, 252; rejects 13th amendment, 262, 276; rejects 15th amend

ment, 315; law in to prohibit coeducation of races, 385. Kerr, Michael C., speaker of House, 346.

Key, David M., Postmaster-General under Hayes, 353"Kitchen Cabinet" of Gen. Grant, 325.

Knapp, Isaac, partner of Garrison, 40.

"Know-nothings," 115; nominate ex-President Fillmore (1856); platform; seceders from nominate Banks, 129.

Ku Klux Klan, 322, 326, 327.

LANE, Joseph, nominated for VicePresident, 188.

Lane Seminary, trouble at, over anti-slavery movement, 37. Lanier, Sidney, 410. Lawrence, Kansas, founded, 116; attack on, 119.

Leavitt, Joshua, 44.

Lecompton constituton framed, scouted by free State men, 150; urged by Buchanan administration, 151; defeated, 152. LeConte, Joseph, reminiscences of slavery, 49.

Lee, Fitzhugh, 410.

Lee, Robert E. (Gen.), 95, 135; captures John Brown, 163; opposes secession, 227; chief hero of Confederacy, 263; surrenders, 270, 354; becomes president of Washington Univ., 355. Liberator, The, founded, 40. Liberia, colony estab., 22. Liberty, Washington's conception of, 3.

Liberty party, 75 ff; becomes "Free Soil" party, 81. Lincoln, Abraham, views on Dred Scott decision, 149; nominated for Senator, defeated, 153; on endurance of Union, 153; early life and characteristics of, 172 ff; political career begins, 177; attitude of on slavery, 178, 181; central figure in Ills. Republican convention, 179; debates with Douglas, 180; Cooper Inst. address of; proves right of Congress to control slavery in the

Territories; shows stand Republicans must take, 182; schemes of friends for in Repub. convention (1860), 190; states principles, 191; nominated for President, 192; elected, 194; answers secessionist arguments, 215; personal interest of in slavery, 217; immediate results of election of, 221; pronounces inaugural, 231; forms cabinet, difficulties, 233; sends aid to Ft. Sumter, 234; issues call for militia, 235; attitude of toward emancipation, 249, 252, 253, 255; tact and shrewdness of, 249, 256, 257; in close touch with people, 249; his conception of his mission, 249; difficulties of administration, 249, 251; his detestation of slavery, 250; scheme of for compensated emancipation, 252; announces his power as Commander-in-chief to emancipate slaves as war measure, 253; criticism of, 253 ff; replies to Greeley's criticisms, 255; lays emancipation proclamation before cabinet, 256; adopts Seward's advice to delay promulgation of, 257; reintroduces to cabinet after McClellan's victory, 258; issues prelim. proclamation; embodies views on emancipation in message to Congress, 259; administration of repudiated in election of 1862, 261; re-elected, 262, 265; delivers second inaugural, 266; offers amnesty to Confederates, 268; invites return of seceded States; leaves reconstruction bill (1864) unsigned, 269; plans of opposed in Congress, 270; makes public statement of views on reconstruction, 271; assassination of, 271; summary of political achievements of, 272. Literature, growth of Southern, 380 ff.

Longfellow, Henry W., work of,

145.

Longstreet, Gen., advises accept

ance of inevitable, acts with

Republicans, denounced and ostracized, 318. Louisiana, admitted as free State, 23; secedes, 226; emancipation in, 260; new Constitution and State govt. in, 271; provisional govt. established in, 269, 275; applies for admission of U. S. Senators (1864-5), 270; reconstructed, 310; negro votes in majority in, 311; Presidential vote of contested (1876), 348 ff; State vote of contested, 349;

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carpet-bag" rule in, 341 ff; "Conservatives" organize opposition in, struggle over governorship in, 341; cruelty and corruption in, 342; Federal intervention in, 343; legal limitation of suffrage in, 83. Louisiana purchase, 21, 24. Lovejoy, Elijah P., 74. Lowell, attacks slavery and war in Biglow Papers," 77; labors of for freedom; edits Atlantic, 144; upbraids Lincoln in Biglow Papers," 254; war poems of, 265.

66

66

Lundy, Benjamin, sketch of, 38 ff. Lynch, John R., speaker of the House, 336.

Lyon, Mary, founds Mt. Holyoke Seminary, 362.

MCCLELLAN, George B. (Gen.), leader of Conservatives, warns Lincoln not to move against slavery, 255; success of against Lee, 258; Democrats nominate for President.

McCrary, George W., Secy. of War under Hayes, 353. McEnery, John, claims governorship of Louisiana, 341, 342. McLean, Justice, dissents from Dred Scott decision, 148. Madison, James, against strengthening slave power, 11; as President, 21.

Mails, U. S., circulation of antislavery documents through, 72. Marcy, William L., Secretary of State, 128.

Maryland, forbids importation of slaves, 9; stops importation, 20;

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