C. P. HALE.

CELER ET AUDAX.

A STRANGE FAMILY TRADITION.-In the Newbery House Magazine for June, 1892, is a paper by E. H. Mitchell, giving an account of an English gentleman who, wbile living in Rome, was secretly taken to the house of a stranger, and forced to take part in bleeding to death a young lady who was a willing victim. I am told by a member of the family of the gentleman that the story is quite true, and that it actually happened early in this century. Without the permission of the family I do not like to give the name publicly. A similar story is told, I believe, about Littlecote House, in Wilts. E. WALFORD.

Ventnor.

A RELIC OF ANCIENT SHOREDITCH. In the Evening News and Post of 31 Aug. the following interesting discovery was noted. It is worthy of a niche in N. & Q.,' I think :

"In the course of excavations which are being made in Shoreditch in connexion with the electric lighting installation a singular discovery has been made. An old well was disclosed which, on measurements being taken, was found to be twenty feet deep and a yard in diameter, and to contain seven feet of water. There were found in the well the elm-wood barrel and suction pipe of a pump. Although unmistakably of very ancient date, the brickwork was remarkably clean and perfect, compact and mortared towards the top, but loose towards the bottom to allow the water to percolate into the well. The well was under the pathway in the High Street, two or three yards from the entrance to the Standard Theatre, close to the end of Holywell Lane, and in the district known as the Holywell Liberty. It is not improbable that the well gave its name to the spot, and was connected with the Benedictine Priory which formerly existed there. An old map, bearing the date 1745, and entitled, An actual survey of the parish of St. Leonard in Shoreditch, Middlesex,' has the following reference to a spot close to the present site of the Standard Theatre: Here are the remains of a priory founded for black nuns of the Order of St. Benedict, the time when and by whom authors are not agreed. Divers lands and possessions were given them by Galfrid and William de Melichas and divers others, which were confirmed to them by King Richard I., April 11, 1195. Unfortunately a conflict of authority prevented the officials more directly concerned with the works for the electric lighting installation from pumping the newly discovered well dry and effecting a careful examination of this relic of a bygone age. The works department of the vestry, who are carrying out the excavation, decided to fill in the well, so that there might be no delay in their work, and this was done exactly three hours after the discovery had been made,

"RULED BY THE MOON."-In the course of a case heard recently at the police court here, a man stated that he been married twelve months, and his wife had left him eleven times during the period. He explained this, laughingly, that it was because his wife was "ruled by the moon." This is, of course, connected with the wide-spread belief that persons with a tendency to insanity show it at the time of the full moon. THOS RATCLIFFE. Worksop.

"HEAUTARIT" ALCHEMICAL TERM.-Of the numerous terms of art which embarrass the general reader in Ben Jonson's 'Alchemist' this appears to have puzzled the editors more than any. Neither Gifford nor any one else explains it, nor is it to be found in any dictionary. Dr. Murray will doubtless chronicle it, and it is partly in that expectation that I allude to it here, having, as I feel sure, the correct etymology to offer. Along with a string of other barbarisms it occurs in Surly's speech in the second act," Your lato, azoch, zernich, chibrit, heautarit." Zernich is Arabic sirnikh, orpiment, and chibrit, Arabic kibrit, sulphur, while heautarit is Arabic utarid, mercury. JAS. PLATT, Jan.

INDEXES.-"Making an index is undeniably the most irksome duty of an author...... It amounts to an art, and is usually, and very wisely, rele gated to those who have acquired prac tical experience in it." I find this in Authorship and Publication' (1882, p. 10). My theory has always been, "Any one can write a book, only the author can make the index." I suppose it is in consequence of this "publishers"" idea that we get so many bad and deficient indexes. The index to Green's Short History' (not Mrs. Green's edition) has no entries under "Bible" (should be 447), " mortmain" (166), "the Reformation" (340), "Renascence" (415), "Rebellion, the Great," (429), &c. It is easier to recollect that these subjects are all mentioned in the book than it is to find where. RALPH THOMAS.

"GOD SAVE THE KING."-The audacious appropriation of this well-known tune to American uses seems to deserve a note. In 1832 one Samuel F. Smith, afterwards a Baptist minister in New England, wrote an ode commencing "My country, 'tis of thee," to be sung to the tune in question. It seems that he had discovered the tune somewhere, without being aware that it had become inseparably annexed to the British national anthem. Words and tune are becoming increasingly popular in the United States.

Portland, Oregon,

RICHARD H. THORNTON.

Queries.

We must request correspondents desiring information on family matters of only private interest to affix their names and addresses to their queries, in order that the answers may be addressed to them direct.

"MANDRILL": "DRILL."-We want assistance as to the connexion of these two names for species of ape. There are different conjectures afloat. The Century Dictionary' takes drill as "developed from mandrill, an ape, [erroneously] regarded as man+drill, the second element being thus taken for a kind of ape"; a more obvious conjecture is that drill was really an ape, and that mandrill is really man-drill, manlike ape. We know drill from about 1650, and have reason to think it was earlier in use; mandrill we do not know for more

than a century later; it is not in Johnson nor the folio Bailey. If anything were ascertained as to the external source of either word, the rest would be plain. Goldsmith, Nat. Hist,,' bk. vii. ch. i., cites drill as used by Purchas; but we have not yet found it there. Can any one help us?

Oxford.

J. A. H. MURRAY,

JOHN SINGER is the author of 'Quips upon Questions; or, a Clown's Conceit upon Occasion Offered,' 1600. A copy, supposedly unique, was, in 1879, in the collection of Mr. F. Ouvry, F.S.A. Where is it now; and can it be seen? Is any information obtainable concerning its author, who was an actor, the successor of Tarleton and Kemp, beyond what is mentioned in Payne Collier's Annals of the Stage' and Fleay's 'History of the Stage'? URBAN.

FINGER-HOLDERS.-Can any one tell me the name of the wooden finger-holders used at the end of the last and beginning of the present century to produce a good deportment? They are two small, very well finished off pieces of wood, with holes for the fingers. They are tied together with ribbon. The hands of the young person were stretched out behind her back, hanging down, and these finger-holders put on to keep the shoulders in an elegant position. FLORENCE PEACOCK. Kirton-in-Lindsey.

JOSEPH JEAKES, ARTIST AND ENGRAVER.-Do any of the readers of N. & Q.' ever meet with

any of the productions of my grand-uncle, Joseph Jeakes? If so, are they of any merit? I presume Joseph Jeakes cannot have made much of a name for himself, or he would be better known. A gentleman, writing to my father from 116, Western Road, Brighton, 19 October, 1875, and signing, as far as I can make out, Geo. Wakeling, says :—

J, Jeakes, 1802, and I do not find the name in any list "I have recently found a very clever drawing, signed of artists. I thought you would not mind my asking if you knew of an artist of your name about that date."

and lived, I believe, like most of my family of that Joseph Jeakes was born 10 November, 1778, generation, in the parish of St. George, Bloomsbury, London. He died some time before 1839, He engraved pictures of naval engagements, at what date exactly I have not yet discovered. which I believe are coloured or tinted, probably by himself. He also painted in water colours. I have none of his productions myself, my only memento of him being a pembroke table which is said to have belonged to him.

THOMAS J. JEAKES.

"AN OFFICER AND A GENTLEMAN. When did this hackneyed expression first come into use? I have a hazy idea that I have seen it used by some eighteenth century author. A somewhat similar expression appears in Ben Jonson's 'Every Man in his Humour, acted in 1598, Act I. sc. v., where Bobadill remarks to Matthew: (6 I protest to you, as I am a gentleman and a soldier, I nere changed words with his like."

F. C. BIRKBECK TERRY.

REV. SAMUEL SANDERSON.-Can any reader oblige me with information about the above named. He was son of a tanner in Sheffield, born

in 1702, and died 24 January, 1766. He married a daughter of Mr. Woodward, a brewer of Bedford. I particularly want to know the names of his father and grandfather. C. H. C.

ST. PATRICK'S PURGATORY. -In that most important geographical document entitled Theatre de l'Vnivers,' &c., printed for Abraham Ortel at the press of Plantin, in Antwerp, A.D. 1598, the map of Ireland in plate 9 shows in the province of Quulsterter (sic) a lake called Purgatorium S. Patricii, with a river running thence, passing Dery on its way to the Mal of Cantyre. Since when and till when did that lake, or its site, possess that name? If I mistake not, there are legends locating Purgatory on the west coast of Ireland. As there are good reasons for believing that the Basques or Iberians of Spain had formerly dealings with Erin, or Hibernia, it is worth noting that in the instructive Biscayan proverbs, printed at Pompilona in 1596, mentioned by Larramendi in 1745, and reprinted in March, 1896, from the copy, believed to be unique, existing in the Ducal Library at Darmstadt, the word erin occurs on p. 18 of the Genevan edition, with the translation purgar, one cannot resist the temptation of asking the philologists if this word is akin to German rein; or if the Basques have made a play upon the words up, fire, in Greek, and gar, flame, in Euskara. PALAMEDES.

MRS. JAMESON'S 'SACRED AND LEGENDARY ART.'-In vol. i. pp. 393-4, she says:

"The beatified penitents of the early Christian Church spoke another lesson, spoke divinely of hope for the fallen, hope without self-abasement or defiance. We in these days acknowledge no such saints, and have even done our best to dethrone Mary Magdalene, but we have martyrs-'by the pang without the palm-and one at least among those who has not died without lifting up a voice of eloquent and solemn warning: who has borne her palm on earth, and whose starry crown may be seen on high even now amid the Constellations of Genius." To whom does Mrs. Jameson_refer in the last clause of this quotation? JAMES WILSON.

Dalston Vicarage, Carlisle.

father? Very little seems to be known concerning the life of Thomas Cheeseman. The name occurs at a very early date in the records of the parish. CHAS. JAS. FERET.

49, Edith Road, West Kensington.

WILLIAM SMITH, COMEDIAN, 1730-1819, married, May, 1752, a daughter of Lord Hinchinbrook, What was her widow of Thelland Courtney. Christian name? Subsequently he married a rich URBAN. widow. Is her name known?

KNIGHTS TEMPLARS IN PEMBROKESHIRE.Preparatory to the suppression of the order, king's writs were issued for the arrest of the Templars and the seizure of their property. One of these was sent to Walter de Pederton, justiciary of West Wales. Will some one direct me to information as to Templar possessions in Pembrokeshire?

Winterbourne, Penarth.

J. ROGERS REES.

THOMAS LLYWELYN OF RHIGOES, GLAMORGAN. SHIRE.-This was a Welsh poet, who flourished in the sixteenth century, and some years ago I saw a note-I cannot say where-that he held a commission from Archbishop Grindall to preach in Welsh. Can this be verified? D. M. R.

KIMPTON FAMILY.-I shall be glad of abstracts of, or any references to, wills of the Kimpton family, 1630-1720.

MARGERY MOORPOUT.-Can any inform me as to the origin of this name?

Ниви.

of your readers E. H. L.

"GOUGE AND WHISTLE."-What do these terms mean? They evidently refer to a kind of torture inflicted by a long thumb-nail. INDIAN.

"AULD WIFE HAKE."-Among the pastimes extensively advertised in the Cumberland and Westmoreland newspapers thirty years ago was one and Auld Wife Hake" were then common, and with this name. Paragraphs recording "Sports the gatherings were evidently largely patronized. Although the sports were reported in some detail, nothing appears in any of the paragraphs I have come across as to the meaning of "Auld Wife Hake." Perhaps some reader of N. & Q.' may be able to explain the meaning of the phrase as well as its origin. DANIEL SCOTT.

Penrith.

does not say in terms that he was alive when cut down. The executioner would sometimes try to put the rebel to death before using the knife. I see no reason to doubt that Sheppard's sentence was also fully carried out. The reports of the trials for treason generally state the fact when any portion of the sentence is remitted.

As another instance, I may refer to Alice Lisle's case, in which the report states that the sentence of burning was altered to beheading.

For an account of the way in which the executioner did his butcher's work in 1681, see Hackstoun's trial in 10'State Trials,' p. 850.

Temple.

HARRY B. POLAND.

MRS. BROWNING'S BIRTHPLACE (8th S. x. 135, 178). The very interesting extract from the Kelloe register places "the date" (1806), but not "the honour of her birthplace, beyond dispute." The fact of her father being in her baptismal register described as 66 of Coxhow Hall" (1808) two years after the birth of the child, does not prove that she was born there, though very possibly she was. G. E. C.

I am not in a position to discuss this particular question, but I should like to point out that the evidence of the register is not conclusive. The entry refers to the baptism of a child of twentytwo months. The date of birth is recorded, but not the place, and for anything that the register says she might have been born any. where else.

Hastings.

EDWARD H. MARSHALL, M.A.

There is an interesting note with reference to Mrs. Browning parentage in the Athenæum, No. 3479, 30 June, 1894. One paragraph should, I think, be inserted in 'N. & Q.':

"The personal association of Mrs. Barrett Browning with the north of England was of brief duration, yet there was, until a few years ago, an interesting memento of her association with Kelloe Church, where was written with a diamond on a square of glass in one of the old windows, Pretty Bessie Barrett.' During the alterations of the church some years ago the window was removed, and the inscription was destroyed."-P. 838.

SALTER'S PICTURE OF THE WATERLOO DINNER (8th S. ix. 366, 416, 493; x. 60, 84, 178).-More than fifty years ago I paid one shilling to see this picture, which was on exhibition in Manchester, where I was then living. It did not seem to "draw," for some reason, for although I was in the room a considerable time (perhaps an hour) I believe only one other person came in. An attendant was in charge, and when, after some time, a second visitor entered, he summoned from an inner room a white-haired old gentleman, with gold spectacles and rather tremulous voice, who explained the

whole, naming the portraits, giving an account of the magnificent presentation plate on the table, and other particulars. The room was darkened, and the exhibition was by gaslight, although it was daytime.

This could not have been later than 1845, as, to my regret, I had to leave Manchester that year, with its School of Design, Chetham Library, picture exhibitions at the Royal Institution, and other delights, because the dampness of the climate did not suit my health. The duke lived seven years longer, till 1852. It seems singular that so good and deeply interesting an historical picture should be hawked up and down the country for several years before any one thought of engraving it. Surely there is some mistake here. No price for which the artist was likely to sell the picture would ever pay him for his years of labour. Only the possible profits from an engraving could induce a man to undertake such a work. Part of the motive, secret or avowed, must always have been the publication of an engraving. The picture looks as though intended to be engraved. There is a portrait of Alderman Moon, the printseller (and Salter, the painter, unless my memory deceives me), looking through a doorway. Were these in the picture originally, or were they painted in afterwards? I seem to think they were in the picture when I saw it, but cannot be certain, as I may be mixing up the print with it. It is many years since I saw the engraving.

I had written thus far when it occurred to me that as I was very much interested in the picture and idolized "the duke," I had possibly preserved among my papers some description or prospectus circulated at the time. Accordingly I searched, and in less than five minutes I found what I wanted, which deserves a place in N. & Q' as picture, the interest of which will never die, but an accurate description of a famous historical both that and the value of it will increase as time rolls on :

"On view (for a few days only), at the Exchange Rooms, Salter's Great National Picture of the Waterloo Banquet, containing eighty portraits of the general officers who fought and won the glorious battle of Waterloo, assembled at Apsley House on the anniversary of the memorable 18th day of June. The only picture Grace the Duke of Wellington. on this subject painted by the special permission of His

"The Waterloo Banquet picture is not a fanciful representation, not an imaginary mingling of likenesses in a scene which might never have occurred; but combines in one view the portraits of the principal British eat to the artist for the situation which he occupies. The officers engaged in the battle, every individual having period repesented is when the company, after dinner, has broken into groups, and just as the Duke of Wellington has risen to address them. His Grace is in the Garter, &c. On his right sits his late Majesty William uniform of a Field Marshal, wearing the orders of the the Fourth, on his left the Prince of Orange, now King of Holland.