ers. They must either fight their way through a triumphant and superior force or plunge down a precipice to meet certain disorder, rout, and rain, or to give themselves up unconditional captives. Colonel Coleman surrendered the command. It was then found that the crafty, treacherous Morgan had employed the forty-five minutes in stealing away through a by-path with about two hundred of his men. The prisoners taken by General Shackleford were sent to Zanesville and the pursuit was instantly resumed. Quite a number of stragglers joined Morgan, and in the course of three days his retreating force was increased to over four hundred men. Fear lent them wings, and they fled rapidly in the direction of Zanesville. Every step of the retreat was, however, rendered difficult by the constant attacks of the yeomanry of the country. General Shackleford pressed hard after the freebooters, resolved that they should not escape him again. Scarcely once drawing rein or stop ping a moment to rest the rebel gang was chased through Guernsey and Harrison counties into Jefferson County. Like the driven stag in his last extremity Morgan rushed for the river. At last again he came to bay. IMPROMPTU BARRICADE At Sabinesville news of the advance of the reckless raiders created a perfect panic. Women and children were sent into the country for protection. Houses and stores were locked and barred, and brave men prepared to fight. A regiment of Pennsylvania infantry was posted along some rising ground which commanded the road approaching the town, and along which road Morgan must pass. In a few moments after these arrangements were concluded the rebels, on their jaded horses, made their appearance. They halted and gazed appalled upon the formidable preparations which had been made to receive them. Conscious of their inability to pass such a barrier, they turned their horses' heads in another direction. But suddenly, before they could advance a single step, Major Way, leading two hundred and fifty men from the Ninth Michigan cavalry, with gleaming sabres dashed in among them, cutting right and left. The rebels, exhausted in all their physical energies, and with hopes discouraged by their long and unsuccessful march, in a general panic lost all presence of mind, threw down their arms, and wildly cried for mercy. Morgan was in a buggy drawn by two white horses. He lashed them furiously, hoping to escape. But Major Way, on his fleet horse, overhauled him and seized the reins. Morgan sprang out of the buggy on the opposite side, and catching a riderless horse, spurred him to his utmost speed. A few of his men followed him. In the buggy were found Morgan's rations, consisting of a loaf of bread, two hard boiled eggs, and a bottle of whisky. The desperate rebel chief meeting three citizens of Sabinesville on the road, compelled them, with pistols at their heads, to act as guides, and continued his frantic flight toward New Lisbon. Forced service is very unreliable. One of the conscripted guides seized upon a favorable moment to plunge into one of the by-paths and escape. Riding back he disclosed to General Shackleford the route the guerrillas had taken. The General made his dispositions very carefully to prevent the possible escape of his foe. A few companies of militia were ordered to advance from Lisbon on the north. A small force from Wellesville guarded the roads on the east. General Shackleford, with his command, followed in the rear of the fugitives. About two o'clock in the afternoon of July 26, Morgan found himself in the vicinity of West Point, a little village about half-way between New Lisbon and Wellesville. The rebels here realized that they were entirely surrounded. There was no possibility of escape. To fight was only death for all. Under these circumstances Morgan, with the remainder of his gang, unconditionally surrendered. The reckless chief seemed to regard his bloody raid, along whose path he had strewed the bodies of his lifeless men, merely in the light of a spirited joke. He seemed quite unconcerned and jovial, notwithstanding the death, dispersion, or captivity of his whole band of two thousand five hundred men. For several days the hills and forests around were filled with armed men, searching for and picking up the fugitives. These poor deluded victims of the rebellion seemed very much dejected. Most of them were ragged, dirty, and in the extreme of exhaustion. They were generally attired in the citizens' garments which they had stolen on their raid; but these, by hard usage, were mostly bespattered with mud and torn to shreds. General Shackleford's command had good reason to be very exultant over their victory. The exciting chase in which they had engaged had lasted for a month, and had led them over more than a thousand miles of territory. By day and by night they had followed the guerrilla band. With little rest and many hardships the pursuit had continued from day to day till it was thus crowned, at last, with the most signal and glorious success. T JOHN S. C. ABBOTT.] BY THE APPLE-TREE. T was not anger that changed him of late; It was not diffidence made him shy; Yon branch that has blossomed above the gate Could guess the riddle--and so can I. What does it mean when the bold eyes fall, And the ready tongue at its merriest trips? What potent influence holds in thrall The eager heart and the burning lips? Ah me! to falter before a girl Whose shy lids never would let you know (Save for the lashes' willful curl) The pansy-purple asleep below. Nothing to frighten a man away— Only a cheek like a strawberry-bed; Only a ringlet's gold astray, And a mouth like a baby's, dewy-red. No need, for the secret at last is known: There in the lane, by the apple-tree. HILIP HENRY SHERIDAN must always tician, like Thomas, nor both, like Grant, he war-not so much from the result as the manner of his achievements. If he were neither a great strategist, like Sherman, nor a great tac a successful leader. have seen in former articles that the LieutenantGeneral is, as a military leader, complete in himself, possessing all the attributes of general ship; while Sherman, embodying nervous in- | country in a more populous, thriving, educated, tellectual force, and Thomas, representing phys- and free district, Ohio, were enabled to offer their ical power, are constituted by nature, as well as son better educational advantages than were by the choice of Grant, to be his chief subordi- those of Jackson and Johnson, who had settled nate commanders. Sheridan, in character, is in the less civilized district of North Carolina; like neither of the others, but is an original and hence young Sheridan became possessed of genius, and a leader not unworthy to rank a good common school education in his native with Sherman and Thomas, or to hold posi- place, Perry County, Ohio, where he was born tion as the third subordinate commander of in 1831. From fourteen to fifteen he is rememGeneral Grant. He may be said to be an In- bered as a quick but careless student and rather spiration rather than a General, accomplishing wild and belligerent youth, fond of a frolic and his work as much, not to say more, by the in- a trick, sometimes thoughtless in wounding the spiring force of his courage and example as by feelings of others, but quick to generously heal the rules of war. He supplies to the army the when in fault. The necessities of his family passion and fire which is smothered in Grant early forced him to manual labor, and his and Thomas, and imperfectly developed in Sher- seventeenth year beheld him employed in the man. He renders an army invincible more by town of Zanesville, Ohio, in driving a waterthe impartation to it of his own courage and cart, and in sprinkling the dusty streets of that fire than by any system of organization; and old town. Before the year was finished, howappears to accomplish by this imparted enthusi- ever, he resigned this "command" to enter asm all that results under the leadership of the West Point, having been unexpectedly appointothers from discipline. When the historian ed a cadet to that institution through the recsums up his character, with all the facts now ommendation of the then Congressman of the hidden laid profusely before him, he will hardly district. The characteristics which had disrank Sheridan with those who have carefully tinguished him at the humble school in his naand wisely planned. He belongs rather to that tive town soon made him noted at West Point class of our officers whose strong arms have bold- as the "best-natured and most belligerent caly and brilliantly executed, and who have won det" in the Academy. He has often declared the distinctive classification of "fighting gener- since his late successes that he had passed als." The writer can find among all his recol- through West Point only by the "skin of his lections of Sheridan's career no development of teeth." In fact his belligerent disposition reany brilliant strategic ability, while in every bat- tarded his advancement in youth and as a cadet tle in which he has been prominently engaged as much as it has since advanced him. He he has given brilliant examples of his cour- fought so much at West Point, was so unruly age, vigor, and skill, and as a quick, dashing, and "so full of deviltry," that, despite his fine stubborn fighter. Stone River, Chickamauga, scholarly attainments, he graduated so low down Chattanooga, Cedar Run, and Five Forks are in his class that he could only be commissioned examples which illustrate the position which is in the lowest arm of the service. He required taken in representing Sheridan as a representa- at the time of his graduation only "five points" tive"fighting general." It is in the light of the more to his number of "black marks" to exmore familiar scenes of Cedar Run and Five clude him from the honors of graduation; and Forks that the public have formed their idea if he had not toward the close of the session, by of Sheridan, without knowing that in the other skillful management and unusual control over battles named he has displayed the same char- his quick temper, won the good opinion of one acteristics, while his entire career in private and or two of his tutors the future Major-General public has shown him to be impetuous, passion- would have been forced to leave the Academy ate, bold, and stubborn. He was born a bel- as he had entered it instead of Second Lieutenligerent. His natural element is amidst the ant of Infantry by Brevet. One of his instructsmoke, his natural position in the front line of ors, who had admired his generous character, battle. He fights vigorously and roughly, and employed the argument that a belligerent temwhen the tide of battle flows and ebbs most perament was not a fault in a soldier, and this doubtingly he holds on most grimly. In pri- is said to have secured him the needed approval vate life his great energy is a little curt, and his of the West Point staff of instructors and the fiery temper a little too quick, but his abrupt- honors of graduation. The argument was too ness and belligerency are too honest and natu- powerful to be resisted by educated soldiers, ral to excite condemnation; while his manner, and Sheridan was consequently sent forth fully when not excited or opposed, is distinguished authorized to be as great a belligerent in time by great courtesy, modesty, and pleasantry. A of war as he desired. sketch of his life which, while illustrating these qualities and characteristics, gives an insight into his early career, will not be without inter est. Sheridan is descended from the same class of the north of Ireland emigrants which produced Andrew Jackson and Andrew Johnson. His parents, having settled on their arrival in this Eight years of almost profound peace followed his graduation, and little opportunity was of fered for advancement. In May and June, 1855, Lieutenant Sheridan was in command of Fort Wood, New York Harbor, but in the July following he was ordered to San Francisco in charge of a body of recruits. On arriving there he was detailed to command an escort of cavalry intended for the protection and assistance of Lieutenant Williamson and the party engaged in the survey of the proposed branch of the Pacific Railroad from San Francisco to Columbia River, Oregon. An opportunity offering soon after for a fight Sheridan succeeded in getting himself detached from this command and ordered to join a battalion of dragoons under Major Raine, of the Fourth Infantry, then on an expedition against the Yakima Indians. In this expedition he distinguished himself by gallantry at the "Battle of the Cascades," of the Columbia River (April 28, 1856). Although his action on the occasion is not described, it is not difficult to imagine it as of the same character as the later deeds of daring which have distinguished him. He was rewarded for his gallantry by being placed in command of the Indian Reservation of the Coast Range. Here he was engaged for a year in keeping the Conquillo Indians on Yakima Bay in proper subjection, and in building the military post and fort at Yamhill. war. gust, an immense quantity of salt. He ever afterward professed himself disgusted with his quarter-mastership, and fortunately soon after got himself under arrest and sent to the rear. Officers generally look upon arrests as misfortunes. Sheridan's arrest was the turningpoint in his fortunes, since it placed him, after a brief delay, on the staff of a rising Major-General and in the line of promotion. The circumstances of his arrest are not without interest, as showing one or two of his characteristics. Like many regular officers of the army, as organized in 1862, Sheridan was in favor of carrying on the war by striking hard blows at the organized armies of the rebels, and generously protecting the people who, while remaining at home under United States protection, furnished the men and material to the rebels. He has overcome this too delicate and nice consideration for the interests of rebel aiders and abettors, and, like the country, has been educated by war in the belief that treason is to be fought with fire. Feeling thus during the Pea Ridge campaign, and being a great stickler for military regularity and routine, Sheridan was particularly disgusted with the ravages committed by the regiment of Kansas Jay-Hawkers, and used often to denounce them in unmeasured terms. He was so much embittered against the regiment and opposed to their style of warfare, that, when General Blunt ordered him to impress a large amount of provender from the citizens, he replied in any thing but decorous terms, declining to execute the order, and intimated in conclusion that "He'd be damned if he was a Jay-Hawker." Blunt, of course, relieved him. Sheridan reported to Halleck. The letter was forwarded as evidence against him, and fell into Halleck's hands. That officer, having a just appreciation of a good joke, laughed heartily over the letter; and, sharing Sheridan's prejudices against "JayHawking" and "bummers," he caused the charges to be withdrawn, and in May, 1862, ordered him to duty on his own staff as Acting Chief Quarter-master. From this distant post he was recalled in 1861 to find himself promoted, by the resignation of large numbers of the Southern officers of the army, to a captaincy in what was then Sherman's regiment, the Thirteenth Infantry. He was ordered to join his regiment at Jefferson Barracks, and thus became attached to the Trans-Mississippi or Army of the Southwest, in which he saw his first service in the present Although this army had gone through a campaign under Lyon, and the preparations for another under Frémont, and was then under command of Halleck, it was so far from being organized that Sheridan could find no active duty, and was placed upon a military commission to inquire into certain alleged irregularities of the Frémont administration of Missouri affairs. About the time that Curtis, who had assumed command of the troops in the field, was ready to begin an active campaign Sheridan was appointed Acting Chief Quarter-master, with which the duties of Commissary were at that time blended. He was out of place, and his success as a quarter-master was very indifferent indeed. He used to laugh and say, many months after, when located at Murfreesboro, Tennessee, that providing "hard tack and sow-belly" wasn't in his line, and was very fond of relating, in con-appreciation which he has displayed in organiznection with the remark, his first experience in restricting the contraband traffic in salt with the rebels. As Chief Quarter-master it was his duty to take such steps as would not only provide for his own troops but deprive the rebels of contraband supplies. Hearing that Price, then at Springfield, was suffering for salt, he employed every means to stop the export of that article beyond our lines; and, congratulating himself on his success, used often to say, with a chuckle, that "the rebels were actually starving for salt." When the advance of the army took place, and Price was hastily driven out of Springfield, the only article left behind was, much to Sheridan's dis Halleck was then before Corinth, and thither Sheridan repaired to find himself suddenly and unexpectedly transferred from the regular to the volunteer service, as Colonel of the Second Michigan cavalry. Halleck had, with that wise ing the United States armies, noticed Sheridan's qualities, and placed him in the branch of the service for which he was best qualified. But even Halleck did not fully appreciate the admirable qualities of his young protégé, and failed, when intrusted shortly after with the absolute organization of the armies, to advance him to the position for which the quicker appreciation of Grant subsequently singled him out after observing his conduct in one battle only. His promotion to Colonel aroused the ambition of Sheridan, who had before modestly hoped to eventually become a Major. He now had opportunities to distinguish himself, and immediately went to work to improve the opportunity, |