151, and the periods of the Settlement and Admission of the States, pages 152-3. In these Tables we have the formulas represent only the last two figures of the year, and we supply the figure 1, for the thousand, and the figure 6, 7, or 8, for the hundred. The most of the events in these Tables were between 1700 and 1800, or after the year 1800. This rule enables us to make shorter formulas, which are easier to learn than long ones. Throughout this work, there are quite a number of proper names of persons and places, that the learner will find difficult to pronounce. All of these have been arranged in alphabetical order, and inserted in a "Pronouncing Index," beginning on page 233, with the correct pronunciation in the second column, parallel with the original name. These pronunciations are printed in a new alphabet, which has a letter for every sound. The alphabet will be seen on page 231, and the Instructions on that and the two preceding pages. By a little examination of the letters in the Alphabet, and some practice on the piece of composition printed in the new style, on page 232, the correct sound of every letter will be readily seen. After the Alphabet has been learned, the student should read over the names in the Pronouncing Index, a few times, aloud, giving their correct pronunciation according to the spelling in the second column, to get in the habit of pronouncing them correctly. Then, whenever a name is seen in any part of the book that cannot be readily pronounced, the Index should be referred to for the correct pronunciation. This Pronouncing Index will be of considerable use to teachers; as Classical Dictionaries and Pronouncing Gazetteers are not always at hand, from which to obtain the pronunciation of proper names. We are under obligations to Charles Anthon, LL. D., Professor of Ancient Languages in Columbia College, New York, for valuable aid and information respecting the correct pronunciation of many of the Classical names. Modern Chronology. 1. Arragon and Castile kingdoms established, A. D. 1035 Macbeth King of Scotland, killed by Malcolm III., 1057 Band of Assassins organized, by the "Old Man of the 1090 Order of Knight Templars instituted, in Europe, 1118 1130 1139 Guelphs and Ghibellines in Italy and Germany, 1150 City of Moscow founded, 1156 Henry II. of England, took possession of Ireland, 1172 Third Crusade, by Richard Cœur de Lion, and Philip II. of France, 1188 Acre taken by the Crusaders, after a siege of 2 years, Caliphate of Bagdad abolished by the Tartars, Acre and the Holy Land reconquered by the Saracens, 1291 1299 1306 53 Rhodes taken by the Knights of St. John, from the A. D. 1308 1310 Tell shot Gesler, the Austrian Governor, with an arrow, 1317 Order of the Garter established by Edward III., Chivalry at its zenith in England, Marino Faliero Doge of Venice, beheaded, Tamerlane invaded Persia, and captured Ispahan, Tamerlane invades Syria, and sacks Aleppo, Council of Constance begins-lasts 34 years, 1414 Freemasonry forbidden in England, 1424 Joan of Arc burned to the stake, at Rouen, 1431 The sea breaks in at Dort in Holland, and drowns 100,000 people, 1446 Vatican Library founded at Rome, by Pope Nicholas V., 1447 1450 Fall of the Eastern Roman Empire-Constantinople taken, 1453 University of Glasgow founded, York and Lancaster war begins-lasts 30 years, 1455 1474 1479 Arragon and Castile united, forming the kingdom of Spain, land, 1486 1486 Kingdom of the Moors in Spain abolished, by Ferdinand, Diet at Worms, for the examination of Luther, First Voyage round the world, by Magellan, Port., 1521 1522 1525 1534 Spitzbergen discovered, by an English Captain,. Servetus executed for heresy, by the Council of Geneva, Puritan sect commenced, 1541 1545 1552 1553 1553 1554 Lady Jane Grey and Lord Guilford Dudley, executed, 1554 1555 1556 Charles V. Emperor of Germany, resigned his crown, Civil war in France, between the Catholics and Protestants, 1560 Reformation in Scotland commenced, 1560 The 39 articles of the Church of England, established, St. Bartholomew massacre of the Protestants in France, 1572 Sir Francis Drake returned from his voyage around the world, 1580 Band of pensioners instituted in England, Trinity College in Dublin, founded, Act first passed for the relief of the poor in England, Edict of Nantes, tolerating the Protestants in France, Modern Chronology. 4. Gan-powder plot; Guy Fawkes, the conspirator, Nov. 5th. 1605 1611 1612 Cape Horn discovered, by Le Maire and Schouten, Hol., 1616 Peace of Westphalia, and end of the 30 years war, Charles II. hid himself in an oak tree, at Bascobel, 1651 Rye-house plot," for restoring the freedom of the Con stitution, 1683 Palace of Versailles finished, by Louis XIV., Revolution in England, by Wm. III. of Holland, 1688 Massacre at Glencoe, in Scotland, 1692 Bachelor's tax first levied, Peace of Ryswick, Captain Robert Kid commenced his piracies, War of the Spanish succession commenced, Treaty of Utrecht, between the Allies and France, Lord Anson of England, sent with a fleet to the South Seas, 1740 Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, 1748 |