1390. Authorized stoppages will be entered on the rolls and paid in the following order:

1. Reimbursements to the United States for the loss or damage to arms, equipments or other public property, the nature of which will be clearly stated, extra issues of clothing, transportation, subsistence, expense of apprehending deserters.

2. Amounts paid post exchange and laundrymen at recruit rendezvous. 3. Reimbursements to individuals (as the paymaster, for instance).

4. Forfeitures for desertion, and fines by sentence of court-martial.

1391. Officers of the Pay Department will not give receipts except in the following cases:

1. For transfers of money.

2. For money of deceased soldiers or of deserters.

3. For stoppages authorized by the Secretary of War, for which the Paymaster-General may direct receipts to be given.

4. For refundments made by officers on account of overpayments made by paymasters.

In all other cases, the party turning over or refunding money should place it in some authorized public depository, or transfer it to a disbursing officer of the department to which the money belongs.

ARTICLE LXXXI.

MEDICAL DEPARTMENT.

NOTE.-Regulations for the government of the Medical Department, prepared and published under the authority of the Secretary of War, are distributed to its officers by the Surgeon General. Only such regulations are herein given as are general in their nature or affect other branches of the service.

GENERAL PROVISIONS.

1392. The Medical Department, under the direction of the Secretary of War, is charged with the duty of investigating the sanitary condition of the Army and making recommendations in reference thereto, with the duty of caring for the sick and wounded, making physical examinations of officers and enlisted men, and furnishing all medical and hospital supplies, except for public animals.

1393. The surgeon, under the direction of the commanding officer, will supervise the hygiene of the post or command, and recommend such measures as he may deem necessary to prevent or diminish disease. He will examine, at least once a month, and note in the medical history of the post the sanitary condition of all public buildings, the drainage, the sewerage, amount and quality of the water supply, the clothing and habits of the men, and character and cooking of the food, and immediately after such examination will report thereon in writing to the commanding officer, with such recommendations as he may deem proper. The commanding officer will return the report, with his views and action indorsed thereon, and if he deem the action recommended impracticable or undesirable, will state fully his objections. The indorsement will be recorded in the medical history of the post, and the report and indorsement will be forwarded by the surgeon, through military channels, to the Surgeon-General.

APPOINTMENTS.

1394. No person will be appointed an assistant surgeon unless he has been examined and approved by a board consisting of not less than three medical officers designated by the Secretary of War; and no person will be appointed a surgeon unless he has served five years as an assistant surgeon in the Army, and has been examined and approved by a board consisting of not less than three surgeons, designated as aforesaid,

1395. No allowance will be made for the expenses of persons undergoing examination, but those who receive appointments will be entitled to travel allowances in obeying the first order assigning them to duty.

THE HOSPITAL CORPS.

1396. All hospital services in garrison and in the field will be performed by members of the Hospital Corps, who will be enlisted for, and permanently attached to, the Medical Department. In time of war, the corps will perform the necessary ambulance service under such officers of the Medical Department and assistants as may be detailed for that duty.

1397. No person will be appointed a hospital steward until he has served a year as acting hospital steward; nor will a steward be appointed nor an acting steward be detailed until he has passed a satisfactory examination, under the direction of the Surgeon-General. Privates who have served one year in the Hospital Corps, and graduates in pharmacy who have served six months and have shown particular fitness, may be recommended to the Surgeon-General for promotion by the senior medical officer of the command. From those thus recommended acting stewards will be detailed, after passing the required examination. These examinations will be conducted by a board composed of the medical officers of the station at which the applicant may be serving, and if no medical officer is there on duty, the candidate will be sent for examination to the nearest station provided with such an officer. The report of the board will be forwarded direct to the Surgeon-General.

1398. A hospital steward may be re-enlisted at the expiration of his term of service on the authority of the Surgeon-General, provided he has passed successfully the prescribed examination. If he desire to re-enlist he will report the fact, in writing, through military channels, to the Surgeon-General, sixty days before the expiration of his term of service.

1399. Enlistments and re-enlistments for the Hospital Corps will be made, as a rule, by medical officers. Recruiting officers stationed where there is no medical examiner may make such enlistments or re-enlistments upon the authority of the Surgeon-General. In such cases the recruiting officer in making the physical examination will be guided by instructions from the Surgeon-General. Applicants may be accepted who are subject to refractive errors of vision, provided these errors are not excessive, may be entirely corrected by glasses, and are not progressive or accompanied by ocular disease. Every private thus enlisted from civil life will be sent to the nearest military post for medical examination. Should the recruit pass this examination satisfactorily he will be forwarded to a company of instruction at such post as may be designated by the War Department; transportation required will be obtained from a quartermaster.

1400. Enlistment papers will be executed in duplicate. In the cases of privates enlisted from civil life at a station where there is no medical examiner and sent to the nearest post for medical examination, the enlistment papers, with the form for physical examination, will be sent to the surgeon of the post, by whom they will be forwarded direct to the SurgeonGeneral. The enlistment papers of all other members of the corps will be forwarded, with the form for physical examination, direct to the SurgeonGeneral, who will render to the Adjutant-General of the Army a monthly recruiting return accompanied by one of each set of enlistment papers.

1401. A hospital steward, stationed at a place where no post return is made, will make such personal reports as the Surgeon-General may direct. 1402. Hospital stewards, though liable to discharge, will not be reduced. The detail of an acting steward may be revoked by the post commander upon the recommendation of the surgeon or by sentence of a courtmartial.

1403. Enlisted men who have served one year in the line may be transferred to the Hospital Corps as privates. Musicians are not eligible. Selection will be made upon the application of the post surgeon, approved by the post commander, stating age of the soldier, and if over 40 years his special qualifications, character, physical condition, and habits, whether for existing or prospective vacancy, and the date of expiration of current enlistment.

1404. Married men will not be enlisted as privates in or transferred to the corps, and no acting steward who is married shall be re-enlisted without special authority.

1405. Members of the corps will not be required to perform any military duties other than those pertaining to their corps. They will be instructed in such drills, both foot and mounted, as are necessary for their efficiency. They will not be required to attend ceremonies, except when directed by the commanding officer, and will be inspected and mustered at the hospital. The forms of inspection will be in accordance with the prescribed manual. 1406. To meet the requirements of epidemics or other emergencies and to fill vacancies, members of the Hospital Corps may be transferred by the department commander, the quota of each post, as prescribed by paragraphs 1409 and 1410, not being permanently exceeded. Such transfers will be reported to the Surgeon-General.

1407. Accounts of pay and clothing of members of the corps will be kept by the surgeons under whose immediate direction they are serving.

1408. The surgeon of each post will, on the last day of every month, make a return of the Hospital Corps and means of transportation on the prescribed form in duplicate, sending one copy to the Surgeon-General direct and the other to the chief surgeon of the department.

1409. At every post there will be one hospital steward, two if the garrison equals six companies, and an additional one for every additional six companies. At every post of two companies there will also be an acting steward, if practicable.

1410. There will be three privates of the Hospital Corps at every military post, four if the garrison consists of two companies, and an additional private for each additional two companies. They will be assigned to the respective duties connected with the hospital service by the surgeon of the post.

1411. The number of stewards and privates of the Hospital Corps to be stationed at arsenals, engineer stations, and independent posts will be determined by the Secretary of War.

COMPANY BEARERS.

1412. There will be in each company four privates designated for instruction as litter bearers. They will be selected by company commanders, with the concurrence of the surgeon. They should be of good character and sufficient intelligence to make them eligible for transfer to the corps, and will be known as company bearers."

1413. Company bearers, together with all available men of the Hospital Corps, will be instructed under the supervision of the surgeon of the post for at least four hours in each month, and at such times as the post commander may appoint, in the duties of litter bearers and the methods of rendering first aid to the sick and wounded. This special instruction will not relieve them from the performance of their regular military duties. They should be instructed primarily, and by object lessons as far as practicable, in first aid. During an engagement or in an emergency the company bearers may be directed by their immediate commanding officers to fall out and give first aid to the wounded, or carry them to the rear until relieved by members of the Hospital Corps, and when so relieved they will immediately join their companies. Company bearers on drill as such and in campaigns will wear a red brassard around the left arm.

AMBULANCES AND LITTERS.

1414. One regulation ambulance with proper harness will be issued to each post. To posts of more than 200 men, the number to be issued will be one additional ambulance for each additional 200 men or major fraction thereof.

1415. The ambulance will not be used except for transportation of the sick and wounded, the recreation of convalescent patients, or to give instruction in the duties of the ambulance service. They will be furnished and repaired by the Quartermaster's Department, will always be subject to the call of the surgeon, and, when practicable, will be housed near the hospital.

1416. At each post one of the privates of the corps will be designated by the surgeon as ambulance driver. In addition to his other duties, he will care for the ambulance, its equipment and harness, and see that they are always in readiness for immediate use. In the field he will care for the animals. When it is necessary to use the ambulance for any transportation purposes, the commanding officer, on the application of the surgeon, will see that the requisite animals are provided by the quartermaster and placed at the disposal of the surgeon.

1417. At posts each company will be furnished with one hand litter, which will be kept ready at all times for use by the company bearers. They will be supplied and repaired by the Quartermaster's Department.

1418. Travois and mule litters may be issued upon the recommendation of the chief surgeon.

1419. Commanding officers will inspect ambulances, litters, and other appliances for transporting the wounded at each monthly inspection, and see that they are completely equipped. When practicable, the ambulance fully equipped for service will be presented for inspection, with the animals attached.

FIELD SERVICE.

1420. In field service, troops will be accompanied by such number of men of the Hospital Corps as may be determined by the post commander, on the recommendation of the surgeon.

1421. On the march or in battle each medical officer will habitually be attended by a mounted private of the Hospital Corps. Hospital stewards, acting stewards, and at least one private of the corps in each separate command will be mounted when serving in the field, and all privates of the corps will be mounted when serving with mounted commands. Horses will be furnished by the Quartermaster's Department for members of the corps on duty in the field, when practicable. When no horses are available special application for authority to hire must be made.

1422. Ambulances will be used for the transportation of the sick and wounded, the instruction of the Hospital Corps and company bearers, and, in urgent cases, for the transportation of medical supplies, and all persons are prohibited from using them, or requiring or permitting them to be used, for any other purpose. It shall be the duty of the officers of the ambulance service to report to the commander of the troops any violation of the provisions of this paragraph.

1423. No person, except the proper medical officers or the officers, noncommissioned officers, and privates of the ambulance service, or such persons as may be specially assigned by competent military authority to duty therewith, will be permitted to take or accompany sick or wounded men to the rear, either on the march or upon the field of battle.

HOSPITAL BUILDINGS.

1424. A building will not be erected for nor occupied as a hospital until the opinion of a medical officer has been obtained in writing upon the suitableness of site and proposed arrangement. If the commanding officer dissent from this opinion he will return it to the surgeon of the post with his reasons indorsed thereon.

1425. Hospitals will be erected at permanent posts in accordance with plans and specifications furnished by the Surgeon-General, approved by the Secretary of War.

1426. When alterations of or additions to hospitals are necessary, the surgeon of the post, after obtaining from the quartermaster an estimate of cost, will transmit plans and specifications, with proposed modifications, through military channels to the Secretary of War. Similar action will be taken upon quarters for hospital stewards.

1427. When hospitals or hospital stewards' quarters are erected or repaired, the officer conducting the work will consult the surgeon of the post, who will inspect the work during its progress, and when a building is ready for occupancy the surgeon will report as to its merits to the SurgeonGeneral through the regular channel, and furnish a copy of the report to the constructing officer.

1428. The surgeon, after obtaining from the quartermaster necessary data as to the amount of labor, quantity of material, and cost, will forward as soon as practicable after March 1 of each year, through military channels, to the Secretary of War, an estimate of repairs, alterations, or addi