"In a print by Rembrandt, he has emulated, in picturesque and poetical treatment, his famous Vision of Jacob in the Dulwich Gallery." Mrs. Jameson.

Vision of St. Bernard. A picture by Filippino Lippi (1460?-1505), and his chief work. In the Badia at Florence, Italy.

Vision of St. Bernard. A noted and admired picture by Parmigiano (1503-1540). In the National Gallery, London.

Vision of the Holy Cross. A fresco in the Sala di Costantino, in the Vatican, Rome, executed by Giulio Romano (1492?-1546), after a design by Raphael.

Visitation, The. A favorite subject of representation by the painters of the Middle Ages, exhibiting the visit of the Virgin Mary to Elisabeth, according to the account in Luke i. 39, et seq. Of the numerous compositions which treat of this subject, may be mentioned as among the more noted the following.

Visitation, The. A picture designed by Raphael Sanzio (14831520), the execution probably by Francesco Penni (1488-1528). Now in the Gallery of Madrid, Spain. It represents the visit of Mary to Elisabeth.

"In the composition by Ra. phael [The Visitation] there are the two figures only [Mary and Elisabeth]; and I should object to this otherwise perfect picture, the bashful conscious look of the Virgin Mary."

Mrs. Jameson.

Visitation, The. A picture by Mariotto Albertinelli (1475?-1520?), the Italian painter, and regarded as his masterpiece. It is now in the Gallery of the Uffizi, Florence, Italy.

"The simple, majestic composi tion of Albertinelli. The work in its large and solemn beauty and religious significance, is worthy of being placed over an altar, on which we might offer up the work of Rembrandt [see infra], as men offer incense, gems, and gold." Mrs. Jameson. Visitation, The. A richly colored group by Sebastian del Pi

ombo (1485-1547). This picture is now in the Louvre, París.

Visitation, The. A picture by Rembrandt van Ryn (1606-1669), the Dutch painter. Now in the Grosvenor Gallery.

"the small but exquisitely finished composition by Rembrandt.

Nothing can be more poetical than the treatment, more intensely true and noble than the expression of the diminutive figures, more masterly and finished than the execution, more magical and lustrous than the effect of the whole." Mrs. Jameson.

Visitation, The. A picture in the Museum of Berlin, ascribed to Gerard van Meire, the Flemish painter. There is another well-preserved and interesting picture of the same name, ascribed to the same artist, in the collection of Baron Speek von Sternburg, at Lütschena, near Leipzig, Germany.

Vitale, San. See SAN VITALE. Vittoria, The. One of the ships with which Fernando Magellan (1470?-1521) made his famous voyage of discovery in 1520. The Vittoria, after the death of Magellan, under the command of Sebastian del Cano returned to Spain, and was the first vessel that circumnavigated the globe. Vittorio Emanuele. See GALLERIA VITTORIO EMANUELE. Volks Denkmal. [The People's Monument.] A Gothic cross of iron, 160 feet in height, erected upon an eminence near Berlin, Prussia, to commemorate the deliverance of Prussia from the French, and the recovery of national independence. The monument bears an inscription, together with statues of Prussian warriors, executed by Rauch and Tieck.

Voltaire, Boulevart de. A magnificent street in Paris, one of the new boulevards, and formerly known as the Boulevart de Prince Eugène. See BOULEVARDS. Voltaire, Quai de. This quay, on the river Seine in Paris, derives its name from the fact that the

VULCAN.

Vulture, The. A British sloop-ofwar, in which Major André went up the Hudson, when arranging terms of surrender with Benedict Arnold.

Vyverberg. A fine square and pleasure-ground in the Hague, Holland.

Wabash Avenue. A noted street in Chicago, Ill. It is lined with stately edifices, and adorned with trees.

Wachusetts, The. A noted vessel

of the United States navy in the War of the Rebellion. She captured the celebrated Confederate privateer, the Florida, in the Brazilian port of Bahia, or San Salvador. This capture was in violation of neutrality, and produced considerable excitement. The prize was soon after brought into Hampton Roads.

Wadsworth Athenæum. A building in Hartford, Conn., containtaining a library and gallery of sculpture and paintings. Wafers, The Miraculous. MIRACULOUS WAFERS.

See

Wagner, Fort. See FORT WAGNER.

Wailing-place of the Jews. See PLACE OF WAILING.

Wakefield Tower. See REGALIA, THE.

Waldburg.

An ancient castle near Ravensburg, Germany, famous for its magnificent views. Walden Pond. A beautiful sheet of water near Concord, Mass., now a favorite pleasure-resort, and celebrated for its associations with H. D. Thoreau (18171862), the scholar and naturalist, who, in 1845, built on the shore of this pond a small house in which he lived two years as a hermit in studious retirement, afterwards publishing an account of this portion of his life, under the title of Walden."

Wall, London. See LONDON WALL. Wall of Antoninus. A wall, or rampart, erected during the Roman occupation of Britain, with the design of preventing the incursion of the northern tribes into the lowlands. It extended from the Forth to the Clyde, a distance of 27 miles, and was guarded by 10 forts. There is a stone in Glasgow College which preserves the name of the builder, Lollius Urbicus. [Often known as Graham's Dyke.]

"The wall of Antoninus, or Graham's or Grime's Dyke, crossed from the Forth to the Clyde, on the line on which previously Agricola had erected a series of forts. It consisted of a new line of forts connected together by an immense continuous rampart of earth and turf, raised by the Proprætor Lollius Urbicus in the reign of Antoninus, and named after that emperor. Inscribed stones have been from time to time found along its course, expressive of the work done by different troops and cohorts of the Roman army." L. Jewitt.

If we carefully trace the distance from the Wall of Antoninus to Rome, and from thence to Jerusalem, it will be found that the great chain of communication from the north-west to the south-east point of the empire was drawn out to the length of four thousand and eighty Roman miles.

Gibbon.

Wall of China. See GREAT WALL OF CHINA.

Wall Street. This street in New York City, running east from Broadway, opposite Trinity Church, is the centre for bankers and brokers in New York, and is in fact the centre of the financial interests of the whole

country. The Stock Exchange in Wall Street presents an exciting scene during business hours.

Free institutions, general education, and the ascendancy of dollars, are the words written on every paving-stone along Fifth Avenue, down Broadway, and up Wall Street. Anthony Trollope

Thus a king or a general does not need a fine coat, ard a commanding person may save himself all solicitude on that point. There are always slovens in State Street or Wall Street, who are not less considered. If a man have manners and talent, he may dress roughly and carelessly. Emerson.

Just where the Treasury's marble front Looks over Wall Street's mingled nations;

Where Jews and Gentiles most are wont
To throng for trade and last quotations;
Where, hour by hour, the rates of gold
Outrival, in the ears of people,
The quarter-chimes, serenely tolled
From Trinity's undaunted steeple.

E. C. Stedman.

Wallace Tower. A monument 133 feet high in the town of Ayr, Scotland, erected in 1832 upon the site of an ancient tower in which, according to tradition, Sir William Wallace (1270-1305), the celebrated Scotch hero and patriot, was imprisoned, and from which, by the aid of his friends, he contrived to escape.

Wallack's. A theatre in the city of New York, devoted chiefly to the legitimate comedy. Wallenstein. A picture erroneously supposed to be the portrait of Wallenstein, by Anthony van Dyck (1599-1641). It is in the gallery of Prince Lichtenstein at Vienna, Austria.

Wallenstein Palace. A famous palace in Prague, Bohemia, built by the great general Albert, duke of Friedland (1583-1634). The building, which was one of surprising magnificence, has undergone extensive restorations. It is said that 100 houses were pulled down to make room for its erection, and that even the stables were profusely ornamented with marble.

Walmer Castle. A sea-side fortress near Deal, England, erected by Henry VIII. It was the official residence of the Duke of Wellington until his death in 1852. The castle is supposed to stand on the very spot where Julius Cæsar landed at the time of his invasion of Britain. Walsingham Priory. Walsingham is a little spot in Norfolk, England, much resorted to for

merly by pilgrims. It was the rival of Our Lady of Loretto and St. James of Compostella. The chapel was founded in 1061, and was a perfect copy of the Santa Casa, or home of the Virgin Mary, at Nazareth. The splendid priory built soon after was granted to the Order of St. Augustine, and in 1420 a fine church was built at the side of the shrine. Erasmus says of the church: "The church is splendid and beautiful," and of the shrine: "If you look in, you will say it is the seat of the Gods, so bright and shining as it is all over with jewels, gold, and silver." It was despoiled of its treasures by Henry VIII., and there remain now only a few ruins of the priory church. Wanderer, The. A ship engaged in the African slave-trade which came to this country in 1859, and on her voyage experienced an unexampled mortality as the consequence of her frightfully crowded condition.

Wapping. A long street in London, extending from Lower East Smithfield on the north bank of the Thames to New Crane. It is noted for its nautical signs, its ship and boat builders, rope-makers, ship-chandlers, and sail-makers. Its name Wapping was probably derived from the ship's rope called a wapp. Pirates and sea-rovers were hung at Execution Dock in Wapping.

"Wapping is a neighborhood of which many persons know the name, but nothing more. Wapping, too, may be remembered as having afforded a principal link in the chain of evidence against the notorious impostor who claimed the Tichborne estate. Immediately on his arrival at London, he went to Wapping (which Roger Tichborne would never have done), and there he was recognized as a former resident of the place. Wapping is a narrow strip of old London, which lies below the Tower and between London docks and the river. It is, as might be expected, wholly occupied by mariners, or those who supply their wants. It is very damp and very dingy, and everybody in it seems to smell of oakum,"

Richard Grant White.

Your Molly has never been false, she declares,

Since last time we parted at Wapping Old Stairs.

When I swore that I still would continue the same,

And gave you the 'bacco box marked with my name. Wapping Old Stairs. [The Stairs " were steps by which people formerly descended to the river.]

But if this be a defect, what must be the entire perversion of scenical decorum, when, for instance, we see an actress that might act the Wapping landlady without a bolster, pining in the character of Jane Shore, and, while unwieldy with fat, endeavoring to convince the audience that she is dying with hunger? Goldsmith.

No longer a poor Jack Tar, frolicking in the low taverns of Wapping, he might roll through London in his coach, and perchance arrive, like Whittington, at the dignity of Lord Mayor. Irving.

The same insular limitation pinches his [the Englishman's] foreign politics. He sticks to his traditions and usages, and, so help him God! he will force his island by-laws down the throat of great countries, like India, China, Australia, and not only so, but impose Wapping on the Congress of Vienna, and trample down all nationalities with his taxed boots.

Emerson.

You might be as well impressed with Wapping as with your first step on Egyptian soil. Thackeray.

You forget that the town [Gibraltar] is at all like Wapping, and deliver yourself up entirely to romance. Thackeray.

The new spirit at once showed itself in Dickens, whose broad, bright, kindly, aggressive democracy, making the hero of his story a friendless workhouse boy instead of a knight at arms, and its scene a city lane or Wapping instead of a stately castle or a historic land, was the representative of the changed feeling and the new day. Harper's Magazine.

Wardour Castle. A ruined feudal fortress near Salisbury, in Wiltshire, England.

If rich designs of sumptuous art may please,

Or nature's loftier views august and old, Stranger! behold this spreading scene. W. L. Bowles. Ware, Great Bed of. See GREAF BED OF WARE.

Warren. See DEATH OF WARREN. Warren, Fort. See FORT WAR

REN.

Warrior, The. An armor-plated ship of the British navy, launched Dec. 29, 1860.

And then through the familiar examples till we come to such ships as the Wellington' and 'Marlborough' of yesterday,

"The castle on the Wartburg is historically the most important edifice of its class in Germany, and its size and state of preservation render it remarkable in an artistic point of view. It was in one of its halls that the celebrated contest was held between the six most eminent poets of Germany in the year 1206, which, though it nearly ended fatally to one of them at least, shows how much importance was attached to the profession of literature at even that early period. Here the sainted Elizabeth of Hungary lived with her cruel brother-in-law, here she practised those virtues and endured those misfortunes that render her name so dear and so familiar to all the races of Germany; and it was in this castle that Luther found shelter, and where he resided under the name of Ritter George.. . It resembles the older palaces at Venice more than any other buildings of the class It has been recently restored, apparently with considerable judgment; and it well deserves the pains bestowed upon it as one of the best illustrations of its style still existing in Europe." Fergusson.

Methinks I see him sitting, the heroic student, in his chamber in the Warteburg, with his midnight lamp before him, seen by the late traveller in the distant plain of Bischofsroda, as a star on the mountain! Coleridge.

Warwick Castle. The magnificent mansion of the Earl of Warwick, and one of the finest of the residences of the English nobility. Its architecture is greatly admired. Its two towers are called the most beautiful in the world. Its situation, on a rock washed by the Avon, is very picturesque, overlooking the river and surrounded by beautiful grounds. The ancient castle of which we first hear in the reign of Henry II. was destroyed in the reign of Henry III. The present castle was begun in the time of Edward