Cleopatra is swept away, and their union is regarded as a political job on both sides. In The Fortnightly for this month Signor Ferrero resumes this "discovery" of his, but we note that he has to ignore or regard as worthless the evidence of writers who distinctly support the traditional view. Readers must form their own conclusions on the matter that is, if they are acquainted with the sources of evidence; it is needful always to remember that the motives and compelling causes of human action are uncertain, and can only be guessed as a rule. Even if we had an autobiography by Anthony, we could not be sure that he was not doing injustice to history. When we come to The Republic of Augustus,' as the last volume is called, we think the author is entitled to claim unusual sagacity for his comprehension of the spirit of the efforts of the "princeps," or first man in the State. The very last thing that Augustus desired was a dictatorship, and the way in which he tried to make the most of a decadent and increasingly useless Senate is well brought out. All the more credit is due to him, indeed, if he was as weak and feeble in health as is indicated. Under the year 3 A.D. we find a remark that he had been "apparently upon the verge of the grave for the last fifty years." This is the sort of exaggeration unwarranted by evidence which makes us distrust Signor Ferrero. His account of the young Tiberius, the failure of other proposed successors to Augustus, and the return of the future Emperor to "Rome, which he had left seven years before at the height of his power and reputation" is as vivid as anything he has done. In fact, the excellence of the reading throughout is a tribute alike to the original and the powers of the translator. On the whole, we are disappointed with Signor Ferrero's judgment, which seems to us singularly biassed on many important points, but we are none the less grateful for the chance of reading his book to the end. It is the right sort of history, for it is history which has life in it. Here we have a "savant who has nothing of the "cadavre" about his work. The Judgment of Paris. By the Hon. Emmeline third millennium B.C. (p. 106). Achilles, it has been conjectured, was an aqueous, if not, indeed, a fishy deity; and is not Fomalhaut, which means the mouth of the fish" (Arabic Fûm-al-haut), situated in the constellation Piscis Australis (p. 117)? Still we remain sceptical. We are asked further to believe that the tragedy of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra has been evolved out of a total eclipse of the sun in the constellation of Aquarius in the eleventh solar mouth of a zodiacal year, Clytemnestra being in some way the moon and Ægisthus, Capricorn (p. 151). "The Judgment of Paris," which gives its title to the book, is resolved into a calendrical myth. Paris may perhaps mean equality (par certainly does in Latin), and consequently may be the season of the vernal equinox, and in that capacity has been called to arbitrate as umpire between the goddesses Athene and Hera, who presided over the winter solstice, and Aphrodite who presided over the summer solstice (pp. 87, 88). The marriage of Zeus and Hera, of Jupiter and Juno, is only a poetical way of intimating a reformation of the Calendar (p. 76). We are to think of Odysseus as symbolizing the period of time included in a lunar month, and therefore as partaking of the ap parently wandering and inconstant nature of the moon which governs such months" (p. 131). There is nothing here distantly approaching demonstration. What the writer says of certain of her own theories we would extend to all: "These speculations must appear to be founded, and indeed are founded, on very uncertain data” (p. 39). EDWARD MERTON DEY.-We regret to hear of the death of Mr. Edward Merton Dey, of St. Louis, Missouri, whose name has been familiar for many years to readers of N. & Q'as that of one of its most regular contributors of Shakespeariana. He retained his affection for N. & Q.' till the end, his widow sending us, in compliance with one of his last requests, some notes on Antony and Cleopatra,' which we hope to print in due course. Notices to Correspondents. We must call special attention to the following notices: A CERTAIN School of mythologists has been tempted to read a meaning out of perhaps into-the constellations, which no doubt is there if we only possessed the key to it. The grotesque, and often To secure insertion of communications correarbitrarily, assigned figures which they bear, invite spondents must observe the following rules. Let an inquiring mind to investigate the primitive each note, query, or reply be written on a separate thought which must have suggested them. Their slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and extreme antiquity is beyond doubt. Miss Plunket such address as he wishes to appear. When answer. calculates that they date back to 6000 B.C. It is ing queries, or making notes with regard to previous almost equally certain that the early Babylonians entries in the paper, contributors are requested to who first fixed these names on the starry sphere put in parentheses, immediately after the exact had some mythological notions which inspired heading, the series, volume, and page or pages to these strange combinations, if we only knew what which they refer. Correspondents who repeat they were. Miss Plunket thinks she has discovered queries are requested to head the second comsome of them in the legends of the Greek heroes, munication " Duplicate." and she displays a considerable amount of learning in putting forward her views, though she is more at home (as she confesses) with astronomical science than with mythological and philological lore. We may say at once that her identifications are of a highly speculative character, and to us at least have failed to carry the smallest degree of conviction. We still doubt if the swift-footed Achilles was ever evolved out of the star Fomalhaut, which was a quickly setting star about the to "The Editor of 'Notes and Queries'"-Adver- J. B. MCGOVERN ("Merril Board").-Another name for nine men's morris. See the article on "merel" in the 'N.E.D.' H. P. L.-Forwarded. INDEX. TENTH SERIES.-VOL. XI. RECENTLY PUBLISHED, [For classified articles, see ANONYMOUS WORKS, BIBLIOGRAPHY, Books A A. on H.M.S. Calliope, 349 A. (A. E.) on fire engines, 57 Abbeys, Saxon, ante 1066, 89 Abbot (John), Westminster scholar, 469 Abracadabra, transliteration of the word, 418 London shop fronts, 407 Mechanical road carriages, 305 Parcel post in 1790, 18 'Abridgement of Calvin's Institution,' 1586, 488 Addleshaw, derivation of the name, 189, 297 Aeroplanes, early flying machines, 8, 98, 145,425,465 Aisle, use of the term, 267 Aitken (G. A.) on Daniel Defoe's wife, 516 Jonson's Works,' 421 Aldersgate signs, 102 Aldress, use of the word, 1541, 346 Alkali (Scrap Hager), authority on pearls, 169, 218 All Hallows E'en: tokens, 6 Allied Armies before Sebastopol,' engraving, 189 Almshouses, Kingsland, 124 Alsop (Vincent), Puritan author, 47, 114, 195 Anderson (H.) on Though lost to sight," 438 Angus (Rev. George), his death, 279 Animals, dead, exposed on trees and walls, 413, 518 Dunno's Originals, 9 Anonymous Works:- Love-à-la-Mode, 1663, 38 Matin de la Vie, 388 Young Lawyer's Recreation, 47 Anscombe (A.) on Aro-setna in 'Nomina Hidarum,' Anstruther-Gray (W.) on population of ancient Anthony's Nose in New York State, 227 Antwerp (W. C. van) on authors of quotations Aplin (H. F.) on Aplin family, 335 Apperson (G. L.) on chamber-horse for exercise, 114 Loker (Timothy), 389 London shop fronts: "Chapzugar cheese," Mechanical road carriages, 498 'Monstrous Regimen of Women,' 235 Williams (Roger), of Rhode Island, 346 Archibald (R. C.) on Baltimore and "Old Mor- Patterson (Governor Walter), 207 Field Memorials to sportsmen, 415 'Millennial Star,' 116 St. Mary the Egyptian, 390 Southcott (Joanna) and the black pig, 137 Arms of English Roman Catholic bishops, 176; Army Lists, their history, 55, 153 Arnott (Thomas Haggerston), his family, 29 Artahshashte for Artaxerxes in Barker's Bible, Artificial, connected with artifice, 166 Ascension Day celebrations, 381 Aspinshaw, printing-press maker, 429 Atkinson (Richard Mosley) of Clare Coll., Camb., B. (G, F. R.) on Burney (James), 308 Atton (H.) on John Paul or Paul Jones, 447 Aubrey (John), his marriage, 266 Aunt Sally: Sallee, 305 Auriol (Charles James), matriculated at Oxford, Austen (Canon G.) on Blue Coat School costume,47 Automata, collection of, c. 1811, 345 · Sea-Roamers: Johnny Wolgar, 146 Young Lawyer's Recreation,' 47 Axton (E. H.) on Dumas and Shakespeare, 290 Aylesbury, farmers of, and Straits of Malacca, 410, 453, 470 Ayres (H. M.) on May's Julius Cæsar,' 248 Ayton (Richard), his Wolgar, 146 Sea-Roamers B B. on William O'Brien, 488 Young (Joseph), 488 : Johnny B. (A. T.) on English topographical pottery, 337 233 B. (G. D.) on Rev. William Cox, 195 Tyrrell's March: Tyrrell's Pass, 317 B. (G. F. R.) on John Abbot, 469 Ambrose (John), 129 'Anthology,' by Thomas Bee, 108 Astley (Henry), 129 Atkinson (Richard Mosley,) 108 Auriol (Charles James), 108 Bale (Otway), 170 Bligh (Richard), 149 Brett (Thomas), 449 Cary (Henry), 329 Meredith (Richard), Dean of Wells, 410 Neile (Richard), Archbishop of York, 388 B. (G. R.) on Rev. Thomas Nicolson, 306 B. (H. I.) on English poem in Welsh metre, 367 London: origin of the name, 303 Place-names: their etymology, 398 Village names feminine, 297 Violet in Welsh, 207 B. (J.) on Sir Humphrey Gilbert's last words, 447 Recusants' marriages, 373, 475 B. (P. G.) on Belfour family, 293 Mitred abbots, 117 Place-names, 454 "Quid est fides?" 296 Yew trees in churchyards, 113 B. (R. S.) on " Before one can say Jack Robinson," Gaunox, 357 Harbours, 514 Hawser, 307 Lickbarrow (Isabella), 38 Manor Court terms, 517 B. (R. W.) on Fleetwood of Calwich, 183 B. (W.) on Catalaunian fields, 88 St. Mary the Egyptian, 391 B. (W. C.) on Befana: Epiphany, 6 Daylight-saving, 226 Dickens's" automaton dancers," 357 Bayne (W.) on Sir David Wilkie's pictures, 329 Baldock (G. Y.) on 3rd Foot Guards at Bayonne, Bayonne, 3rd Foot Guards at battle of, 69, 192, Melbourne (Lord) and Baldock, 9 Sainte-Beuve on Castor and Pollux. 392 Baldwin (E. T.) on "punt" in football, 355 Bank-note sandwich story, 447, 514 Banner (Parliamentary) in the Civil War, 89, 177 Barkas (A. A.) on Edward Barnard, 28 Barnard (G. W. G.) on Sir Thomas Browne, 473 Belfour family, 293 Bishops of St. Asaph, 435 Britannia as the national emblem, 274 Canopied pews, 273 Carstares or Carstairs, 397 Coffee-drinking in Palestine, 90, 358 Cromwell (Oliver), his head, 390 English queen as Jezebel, 458 Episcopal scarf or tippet, 295 Essex's Irish campaign, 154 Glose or gloss, French verse-form, 337 Pack (F. Christopher), 297 Polhill family, 315 Ruckholt House, 92 276 Beachey Head, its derivation, 186, 294, 358 Beating the Bounds in 1763, 384, 497 Scrope (Adrian), 117 Townshend (C.), M.P., 282 Beaver (H.M.S.), c. 1828, inquired after, 189 Beddoe (J.) on Capt. Rutherfurd at Trafalgar, 454 Bedwell (C. E. A.) on Spencer Cowper, 377 Beeswaxers, football boots, 187, 237, 297 Befana Epiphany, Roman folk-lore, 6, 72 Bell (E.) on Oliver Cromwell's head, 389 Benedictine, manufacture of the liqueur, 57 Ben Meir in Longfellow's Scanderbeg,' 248, 318 Bensly (E.) on authors of quotations wanted, 32, 316 Barclay, Theodorus Prodromus, and Burton, Bells rung backwards, 397 Breakspear (N.), Pope Adrian IV., 70 Burton and Jacques Ferrand, 286 Burton's Anatomy': presentation copy, 65 "Care, vale! sed non æternum," 226 Chinese proverb in Burton's Anatomy,' 168 Dickens's" knife-box," 116 "Falsehood of extremes," 234 Hippocrates and the black baby, 271 King's Classical and Foreign Quotations,' 247 Melampus and the Saint, 353 Morante (Marquis de): his book-plate, 366 Bensly (E.) on Name-puzzle in early Spenser, 334 Roman legions: their badges, 412 Stevenson and the housemaid, 518 "Though lost to sight," 498 Wilbraham and Tabraham, 173 Bergerode in map of Lancashire, 218, 338, 434, 513 Bettesworth (Capt.), killed 1809, his statue, 468 283, 383, 443, 502 Gaol, 428, 510 Harbours, 409, 452, 514 Italian genealogy, 14, 73 Jonson (Ben), 421 Khayyam (Omar), 54 Machlachlan (Ewen), 90, 150 Place-names, their etymology, 288, 398, 454 Tennyson: concordances, 261, 353, 513; Wilde (Oscar), 254 Bickerton or de Bickerton family, 189 Bilker, use of the word in 1717, 166 Birkbeck (R.) on "Master Pipe Maker," 10 Births, marriages, and deaths, their registration, Bisham Abbey, cartulary, 210 Bishop, first English to marry, 51, 147 Bishops, scarves worn by, 130, 295, 494; of Bishops, English Roman Catholic, their arms, 176, Black (W. G.) on "Defixionum Tabellæ " : Blackborough (William) and John Milton, 13 Black guard, use of the term 1513, 446 Blazers, origin of the word, 287, 333 Bleackley (Horace) on Bank-note sandwich, 447 Bullock (Thomas), sportsman, 507 Davies (Black), 507 Day (Nancy), Lady Fenhoulet, 393 Fisher (Kitty), her death, 245; Goadby (M.), publisher, 470 Hangmen who have been hanged, 468 La Roche (Miss), Lady Echlin, 501 Moran (C.), publisher, 490 Morangiés (Comte de), 411 Murray (Fanny), her death, 466 Mystery of Hannah Lightfoot, 472 Nanny Natty Cote: Lucy Locket, 397 Townshend (Ethelreda, Viscountess), 498 Tracy (Handsome), 197 Truman (T.), bookseller, 347 Tuesday Night's Club: Mrs. Cornelys, 415 Wild (Jonathan), bibliography, 435 Bligh (Richard), 1780-1838, his biography, 149, 214 Blind, earliest asylum for, 348, 435 Blundell (E.) on dew-ponds, 428 Bobbery, origin of the word, 187, 234 Boffin: Baughan, derivation of the name, 509 Boleyn (Anne), her execution and burial, 88, 237 Books: emendations in English, 401 ;] produced Books recently published:- Almack's (E.) History of 2nd Dragoons Archæologia Eliana, Third Series, Vol. V., Baptist Historical Society, Transactions, Barnes's Poems, ed. by T. Hardy, 99 Bible, 1611, Authorised Version, ed. by W. A. Bleackley's (H.) Ladies Fair and Frail, 398 ed. by Ellis H. Minns, tr. H. Havelock, 259 Burlington Magazine, 39, 119, 199, 298, 380, Butler (S.), Notebooks, Characters and: |