letters-patent of summons concerning the debt which the defunct owed to us, it shall be lawful for the Sheriff or our Bailiff to attach and register the chattels of the defunct found on that lay-fee, to the amount of that debt, by the view of lawful men, so that nothing shall be removed from thence until our debt be paid to us; and the rest shall be left to the executors to fulfil the will of the defunct; and if nothing be owing to us by him, all the chattels shall fall to the defunct, saving to his wife and children their reasonable shares.

(XXVII.16) [Distribution of intestate freeman's estate.]—If any free-man shall die intestate, his chattels shall be distributed by the hands of his nearest relations and friends, by the view of the Church, saving to every one the debts which the defunct owed.

(XXVIII.18) [Taking personal property by certain officers regulated.]-No Constable nor other Bailiff of ours shall take the corn or other goods of any one, without instantly paying money for them, unless he can obtain respite from the free will of the seller.

(XXIX.19) [Castle-guard regulated.]—No Constable (Governor of a Castle) shall distrain any Knight to give money for castle-guard, if he be willing to perform it in his own person, or by another able man, if he cannot perform it himself, for a reasonable cause; and if we have carried or sent him into the army, he shall be excused from castle-guard, according to the time that he shall be in the army by our command.

(XXX.20) [Freeman's carts or horses not to be taken without his consent.]-No Sheriff nor Bailiff of ours, nor any other person shall take the horses or carts of any free-man, for the purpose of carriage, without the consent of the said free-man.

(XXXI.21) [Wood not to be taken without owner's consent.]-Neither we, nor our Bailiff's, will take

another man's wood, for our castles or other uses, unless by the consent of him to whom the wood belongs.

(XXXII.22) [Convicts' lands.]-We will not retain the lands of those who have been convicted of felony, excepting for one year and one day, and then they shall be given up to the lord of the fee.

(XXXIII.23) [Dams to be removed from navigable streams.]—All kydells (wears) for the future shall be quite removed out of the Thames, and the Medway, and through all England, excepting upon the sea-coast.

(XXXIV.24) [Præcipe against freemen regulated.]-The writ which is called Præcipe, for the future shall not be granted to any one of any tenement, by which a free-man may lose his court.

(XXXV.12) [Weights and measures to be uniform.]-There shall be one measure of wine throughout all our kingdom, and one measure of ale, and one measure of corn; namely, the quarter of London; and one breadth of dyed cloth, and of russets, and of halberjects; namely, two ells within the lists. Also it shall be the same with weights as with measures.

(XXXVI.26) [Inquisition of life or limb to be free.]-Nothing shall be given or taken for the future for the Writ of Inquisition of life or limb; but it shall be given without charge, and not denied.

(XXXVII.27) [Custody of certain heirs regulated.]-If any hold of us by Fee-Farm, or Socage, or Burgage, and hold land of another by Military Service, we will not have the custody of the heir, nor of his lands, which are of the fee of another, on account of that FeeFarm, or Socage, or Burgage; nor will we have the custody of the Fee-Farm, Socage, or Burgage, unless the Fee-Farm owe Military Service. We will not have the custody of the heir, nor of the lands of any one,

which he holds of another by Military Service, on account of any Petty-Sergeantry which he holds of us, by the service of giving us daggers, or arrows, or the like.

(XXXVIII.28) [Defendant's rights.]-No Bailiff, for the future, shall put any man to his law, upon his own simple affirmation, without credible witnesses produced for that purpose.

(XXXIX.29) [Freemen's rights protected.]—No freeman shall be seized, or imprisoned, or dispossessed, or outlawed, or in any way destroyed; nor will we condemn him, nor will we commit him to prison, excepting by the legal judgment of his peers, or by the laws of the land.

(XL.30) [Right and justice freely and promptly given.]-To none will we sell, to none will we deny, to none will we delay, right or justice.

(XLI.31) [Foreign merchants protected.]—All Merchants shall have safety and security in coming into England, and going out of England, and in staying and in travelling through England, as well by land as by water, to buy and sell, without any unjust exactions, according to ancient and right customs, excepting in the time of war, and if they be of a country at war against us; and if such are found in our land at the beginning of a war, they shall be apprehended without injury of their bodies and goods, until it be known to us, or to our Chief Justiciary, how the Merchants of our country are treated who are found in the country at war against us; and if ours be in safety there, the others shall be in safety in our land.

(XLII.33) [Free travel permitted.]-It shall be lawful to any person, for the future, to go out of our kingdom, and to return, safely and securely, by land or by water, saving his allegiance to us, unless it be in time of war, for some short space, for the common good of

the kingdom; excepting prisoners and outlaws, according to the laws of the land, and of the people of the nation at war against us, and Merchants, who shall be treated as it is said above.

(XLIII.36) [Duty of heirs of escheated lands.]— If any hold of any escheat, as of the Honour of Wallingford, Nottingham, Boulogne, Lancaster, or of other escheats which are in our land, and are Baronies, and shall die, his heirs shall not give any other relief, nor do any other service to us, than he should have done to the Baron, if that Barony had been in the hands of the Baron; and we will hold it in the same manner that the Baron held it.

(XLIV.39) [Jurisdiction of forest courts limited.] -Men who dwell without the forest, shall not come, for the future, before our Justiciaries of the Forest on a common summons; unless they be parties in a plea, or sureties for some person or persons who are attached for the Forest.

(XLV.42) [Officers to be competent.]—We will not make Justiciaries, Constables, Sheriffs, or Bailiffs, excepting of such as know the laws of the land, and are well disposed to observe them.

(XLVI.43) [Custody of certain vacant abbies.]— All Barons who have founded Abbies, which they hold by charters from the Kings of England, or by ancient tenure, shall have the custody of them when they become vacant, as they ought to have.

(XLVII.47) [Certain forests and water-banks to be abandoned.]-All Forests which have been made in our time, shall be immediately disforested; and it shall be done so with Water-banks which have been taken or fenced in by us during our reign.

(XLVIII.39) [Inquiry concerning forests and water-banks.]—All evil customs of Forests and War

rens, and of Foresters and Warreners, Sheriffs and their officers, Water-banks and their keepers, shall immediately be inquired into by twelve Knights of the same county, upon oath, who shall be elected by good men of the same county; and within forty days after the inquisition is made, they shall be altogether destroyed by them, never to be restored; provided that this be notified to us before it be done, or to our Justiciary, if we be not in England.

(XLIX.38) [Hostages and charters to be restored.]-We will immediately restore all hostages and charters, which have been delivered to us by the English, in security of the peace and of their faithful service.

(L.40) [Certain persons to be removed from their bailiwicks.]-We will remove from their bailiwicks the relations of Gerard de Athyes, so that, for the future, they shall have no bailiwick in England; Engelard de Cygony, Andrew, Peter, and Gyone de Chancell, Gyone de Cygony, Geoffrey de Martin, and his brothers, Philip Mark, and his brothers, and Geoffrey, his nephew, and all their followers.

(LI.41) [Certain knights and others to be removed out of the kingdom.]—And immediately after the conclusion of the peace, we will remove out of the kingdom all foreign knights, cross-bowmen, and stipendiary soldiers, who have come with horses and arms to the molestation of the kingdom.

(LII.25) [Restoration of certain estates.]—If any have been disseised or dispossessed by us, without a legal verdict of their peers, of their lands, castles, liberties, or rights, we will immediately restore these things to them; and if any dispute shall arise on this head, then it shall be determined by the verdict of the twentyfive Barons, of whom mention is made below, for the