ECONOMY IN PAPER,―The present shortage Also, where can I find the papers of of paper and its consequent expensiveness Arderne (the Black Prince's surgeon) relating may perhaps be thought to lend a special to the origin of the Prince of Wales's interest to this passage from a letter written Feathers, which are mentioned in chap. ix. by Cicero to Atticus when on his way to of the same novel. NOLA. take up his government of Cilicia (B.C. 51) —Att. v. 4.

HUGH DAVIS (OR DAVYS), WINCHESTER take algreat quantity of alcohol without its having SCHOLAR.--Foster's Alumni Oxoniensis' has apparently any ill-effect " ('Forty Years in Constantinople '), p. 68. this entry :—

The Dedication to Charles II. informs the

monarch

ST. SWITHIN.

ETYMOLOGY OF "LIVERPOOL.” (See 12 S. vii. 68.)-The following is a strong confirmation of my view that Liverpool (Livtherpool) is а Scandinavian word meaning "Shelter Pool." I quote from a printed foolscap sheet (double), probably unique, dated "Liverpool, 2nd May, 1826, and headed "Recollections of Liverpool," but bearing no indication of its author's name. Judging by the written address on the back, it evidently was sent out as a circular, and in it the author pleads for the retention of the wide gut "leading to the Old Dock, which, as is well known, stood in the bed of the Pool exactly where the Custom House now is. He says:—

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Davis's book "De Jure Uniformitatis Ecclesiastica: or Three Books of the Rights "It is now above thirty years since I was Belonging to an Uniformity in Churches... witness to the great utility of this wide gut. By Hugh Davis, LL.B., Late Fellow of north-west, a severe gale; a signal of distress was It was in October, a high spring tide, the wind New Colledge in Oxford, and now Chaplain hoisted at the Lighthouse; the gale was so severe to the Lord Duke of Buckingham," is a folio that no assistance could be given. Some hunpublished in London in 1669 with the Im-dreds waited with anxiety on the George's Pier primatur of Tho. Tomkins, a Domestic looking out; about half past 1 P.M. a brig was seen coming round the rock, with a close-reefed Chaplain of the Archbishop of Canterbury main and fore top-sails; with these she stemmed dated Jan. 17, 1667. What was the reason a raging tide, the waves making a clear way over for the delay in publication? her. Many anxious glasses were turned towards he is, he conducts his vessel like a good seaman. her. At last a master pilot said: "Whoever I hope in God he will not attempt this basin (George's), for if he does, destruction is sure to him (the vessel then lufted up a little). Thank God he is steering for the right place, the Old Dock: there she will be safe. Now, my lads, you that are young, go and assist them, for they are lashed to her, and will not be able to assist themselves.' About sixty of them sprang at the call, and ran for the Old Dock gut, and saw the mate cut the lashing of the shank painter, the anchor took the ground, a range of cable had been prepared, and the stoppers made fast; she rounded, and came stern first into the Dock, her larboard quarter came to the south wall, when thirty sailors jumped on board, cut the lashings, and conveyed the poor fellows (five in number) to warm beds, where they recovered. Were such a circumstance to happen now, what would be the consequence ?-destruction to the vessel, and a watery grave to her fine fellows. Council, for God's sake let not this place of I appeal to the noble feelings of the Mayor and safety be done away with, and you will receive the blessings of the wives and children of your fellow townsmen.”

"What the Church Historian tells the Excellent Emperour Theodosius, That it was said of him, that he spent the day and night in Councels and Causes, in looking after his Religious and Civil and Military Affairs: The like is said of Your Majesty, that You are at all times ready at Your Councels and Deliberations; That You go abroad to Visit Your Garrisons and Navies; and that You spend your time in looking after the setling the Church and State, the Charge committed to you by God."

Further particulars about Hugh Davis

would be welcome.

JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT.

TOLERANCE OF ALCOHOLIC INFLUENCE.The immunity of some Moslems to the effects of alcohol, according to Sir Edwin Pears, strikes me as being worthy of remark.

At Nicea a mollah

"took rather more than two-thirds of a tumbler of cognac, and without adding any water drank the whole off without a squirm.

"We remarked to each other, with the consciousness that we should not be understood, that there was not one amongst us who could have done anything of the kind. I do not believe that the Turks of any class are heavy drinkers,

ECONOMY IN PAPER,-The present shortage Also, where can I find the papers of of paper and its consequent expensiveness Arderne (the Black Prince's surgeon) relating may perhaps be thought to lend a special to the origin of the Prince of Wales's interest to this passage from a letter written Feathers, which are mentioned in chap. ix. by Cicero to Atticus when on his way to of the same novel. NOLA. take up his government of Cilicia (B.C. 51) -Att. v. 4.

but the combination of the two puzzles CAPT. LACY.-Can any reades give me your querist. information regarding Capt. Lacy? He was the author of a book, The Modern Shooter, published in 1862. The 'D.N.B.' does not mention him. S. P. KENNY.

References to Muret-Sanders' 'Enzyklopädisches Wörterbuch' and Meyer's Conversations-Lexicon have yielded negative results. In what way does "Kino " qualify Eröffnungsfeier "? C. H. B.

66

WORKMAN.John and Cæsar Workman were admitted to Westminster School in January, 1745. Particulars of their parentage and careers are desired. G. F. R. B.

WILKES OR WILKS.-I should be glad to obtain any information about the following boys, who were educated at Westminster School :

1. Henry Wilkes, admitted in July, 1777. 2. Hope Wilkes, admitted in January, 1752, aged 13.

3. John Wilkes, admitted in January, 1752, aged 14; and

4. John Wilks, admitted in March, 1784. G. F. R. B.

a

THE HEDGES IN ENGLAND.-A Feature of such Great Beauty !-Is there any record of when they first became the ordinary means of enclosure. Old pictures and prints would seem to point to the country being far more open in the days, say, of the Charleses than it is now. VIATOR.

THE MIRACULOUS HOST OF WILSNACK.

In the Cambridge Modern History,' vol. i. p. 631, Dr. William Barry says of the great disciplinary reformer. Cardinal Nicholas of Cusa (or Cusanus) :—

"His next proceeding, an attempt to put down the pilgrimage to the Miraculous Host of Wilsnack, was the beginning of great troubles and met with no success.' This seems to have occurred in 1451. Where may an account of this pilgrimage be found? Cusanus died in 1464.

J. B. McGOVERN. St. Stephen's Rectory, C.-on-M., Manchester. ARDAGH FAMILY.-Information is desired about the following members :— 1346. Adam A., acting as attorney in conjunction with More for Taafe.

John A., Bailiff of Drogheda. 1370. John and Robert A., tenants of Christchurch, Drogheda.

1415. Dame Marcia A.

15. Henry A., Serjeant-at-Law, Dublin. J. ARDAGH.

THE HOROSCOPE OF JAMAICA.-In letter written by the Bishop of Lincoln BURTON FAMILIES. (See 12 S. vi. 313).— (Dr. Tenison) to John Evelyn, Oct. 3, 1692, I should welcome elucidation of the followdealing with various earthquake disturbances, he quotes ing queries in regard to the Burton family the following from Palmer's Almanack: "We wish well to the Arthur Burton of Killinghall was baptized of Wakefield, co. York, and its ancestry. island of Jamaica, for if be their horo- at Ripley Church, co. York, July 1, 1602; scope, it cannot be of pleasant consequence was married there to "Ursular "Dickinson, to that people.' I quote from Evelyn's Dəc. 3, 1627; and was buried there Dec. 30, 'Diary and Correspondence,' vol. iii. p. 324 1673, having had seven children. Is any ("Bohn's Historical Library "). thing known about his forbears; was he connected in any way with the families whose trees are traced in the Visitations' of that shire?

What does mean?

H. P. HART. The Vicarage, Ixworth, Bury St. Edmunds. OWEN MCSWINY.-Can any correspondent inform me who was Owen McSwiny, Esq., of whom I have a mezzotint portrait engraved in 1749 by Peter van Bleeck, after a picture by himself painted in 1737.

२

John Burton (b. Sept. 6, 1628; d. Oct. 14, 1719), e. s. of the above Arthur, married and had issue. What was his wife's full name? In a letter to her son, Capt. John

66

Capt. John Burton, married secondly, author, who states on p. 49 that he was led May 18, 1723, Dorcas (d. Aug. 7, 1731), to compose his system by the sight of daughter of the Bishop of Peterborough, Jeremiah Rich's method "many years and widow of Col. How." Can some since." reader supplement this statement fourth son of Capt. John, by his first wife, was Arthur (b. Feb. 9, 1720), whose wife was, called Ann. Are other particulars known about them?

The

Sir John Burton, kt., of Wakefield, and Soho Square, married secondly, Mar. 23, 1797, Philippa Irnham, e. d. of Capt. Francis Foster, R. N., of Buxton Vale, near Alnwick, co. Northumberland. I believe this may be correct, although, in one place, I find a reference to her as the daughter of "Capt. Robert Forster." Confirmation required. F. GORDON ROE.

18 Stanford Road, Kensington Court, W.8.

DOMESTIC HISTORY OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY.-Where may information be obtained as to retail prices of foods, average cost of living per head per week for middle and upper class families, cost of coal per ton, servants' wages, duties, &c.-especially for the period 1820-1860 ?

When was afternoon tea introduced, also coffee and liqueurs after luncheon?

When were artificial flowers first used to decorate dinner-tables and when natural flowers ?

Can any reader of 'N. & Q.' suggest an explanation of the absence of title and preliminary leaves from all the extant copies, or furnish any information which might assist in identifying the author and fixing the date of this curiosity of stenographic literature ? W. F. CARLTON. 47 Ravenswood Road, Balham, S.W.12.

A ROD OF PICKLE.-What does Thackeray mean by saying that Mrs. Steele "ruled poor Dick with a rod of pickle"? A slip of the pen would have been corrected long ago. A real confusion in the writer's mind between "a rod of iron" and "a rod in pickle is not possible. A friend tells me it is a humorous paraprosdokian; but this figure is mere silliness unless the unexpected word has some sort of meaning in the connexion. The seventeenth-century connexion of pickle and tears would provide a meaning; but it does not here apply, for Prue was rather a scold than a weeper. (See "The History of Henry Esmond,' bk. ii. ch. xv.). G. G. L.

J. E. EVANS, PUBLISHER, LONG LANE, SMITHFIELD.-Information concerning this

When were polished dining-tables used publisher of wood-printed children's books—

and when tablecloths?

I. C. PEEL.

7 Alexander Square, S.W.3. FOLK-LORE OF FIELD MICE.-What is the origin of the belief of country-tolk that field mice cannot cross a garden path without dying in the attempt? (1852).

Vide 1 S. vi. 123
ALFRED S. E. ACKERMANN.

'A MIRROR FOR SHORTHAND WRITERS."I have recently added to my collection of books on shorthand two copies of a work unrecorded by bibliographers and apparently unknown to shorthand historians. The running title of the book is 'A Mirror for Short-hand Writers,' and internal evidence shows that it belongs to the latter half of the seventeenth century. A third copy is in the New York Public Library (Beale collection), and a fourth was in the collection of Rodert Todd, Hadley Green, Barnet.

One of my copies consists of pp. 1-88, the other stops at p. 32. The Beals copy also contains 88 pp., and the Todd copy 32. From all four copies the whole of signature A

The Coral Necklace,' &c.-and as to the
time when he flourished, will oblige.
ANEURIN WILLIAMS.
Menai View, North Road, Carnarvon.
POLICE BATON: ADMIRALTY.-I shall be

glad of any information as to the following

article: