Imágenes de páginas
PDF
EPUB
[blocks in formation]

In my note I gave a description of the statue. I may add that on Nov. 28 and Dec. 5, 1908 a note or article on the statue,

6

I

JOHN AIKIN'S EXCURSIONS (12 S. vii. 21, 43, 61). It is perhaps noteworthy that Aikin's opinion (June 6) of the beauty of Southampton more than a century ago is corroborated by other contemporary writers.

"30 July, 1792. Southampton is one of the most neat and pleasant towns I ever saw....It consists chiefly of one long fine street of threequarters of a mile in length, called the High Street.. "Passages from the Diaries of Mrs. Philip Lybbe Powys,' 1899, p. 273.

"1798. Southampton is an elegant well-built town. It stands on the confluence of two large waters; and when the tide is full is seated on a peninsula....The country around is beautiful."

6

Gilpin's Observations on the Western Parts of
England,' p. 347.

you ever

Mrs. Macaulay, Dr. Wilson &c., written by me appeared in the Warrington Guardian. This and my 'N. & Q.' note, which was "3 Sept., 1812. I have just returned from been at that reproduced in The Warrington Guardian of For Southampton. Have Mar. 5 and 12, 1910, were reprinted lovely spot which combines all that is enchanting Private Circulation." Both of these pam-wood and land and water with all that is buxom, blythe and debonair' in society?... phlets are in the British Museum. believe that in the earlier one is a photograph It has an attraction independent even of its. scenery, in the total absence of the vulgar hurry of the statue, sent by me together with a few corrections. The same photograph is of business or the chilling apathy of fashion. reproduced in Augustus M. Toplady and It is, indeed, all life, all gaiety: but it has an capital of fairyland...."-L'Estrange's Life of Contemporary Hymn-writers,' by Thomas airiness, an animation, which might become the Wright, 1911, facing p. 203. I may remark Mary Russell Mitford,' 1870, vol. i. p. 207. that, although Mr. Wright applied to me for information, I am not responsible for certain Bank Hall, errors on pp. 239, 240, e.q., Wirrall, Cheshire, now Warrington Town Hall." Bank Hall is in Warrington, Lancashire Wirrall is the hundred in Cheshire in which was situated the Manor of Woodchurch, which passed eventually under Dr. Wilson's will to Thomas Patten of Bank Hall, Warrington.

:

[ocr errors]

Further in a foot-note, p. 239, it is stated that the estate had belonged to Dr. Wilson's father, i.e., the Bishop of Sodor and Man. It never belonged to him. It was bought by his son Dr. Thomas Wilson, and devised by the latter to Thomas Macklin of Derby, with remainder, in case of his death without male issue, to Thomas Patten, who on succeeding to the estate was obliged by the provisions of Dr. Wilson's will to take the name See the Lysons' of Wilson, exclusively. 'County Palatine of Chester,' 1810, p. 822 and Dr. Wilson's will at Somerset House' Further, Catharine Macaulay died and was. buried at Binfield, not Benfield.

A note of mine on "John Wilson Patten, Lord Winmarleigh" appeared at 11 S. i. 23, in which are details concerning the connexions I am of the Pattens with the Wilsons.

quite willing to lend a photograph of the statue to W. B. H. if he will write to me. ROBERT PIERPOINT.

If, as was said nearly a century ago, by a distinguished Recorder of Salisbury, "It is the delightful task of the topographer to adorn localities with mental associations," then these recollections of a town numbering. 7,600 inhabitants only when Aikin visited it, may be occasional balm to the weary soul that finds itself jostled by 100,000

more.

It is significant that Aikin makes no mention of the Abbey at Rumsey [Romsey] because Mrs. Powys, who also visited the town in 1792, is silent thereon. To her the attraction was Broadlands then the seat of the Palmerstons, and previously occupied by Sir John St. Barbe (Fielding's 'Parson Adams,' 12 S. i. 224). Were they unaware or was Gothic archi-that the Abbey contained Norman work of the very best kind; tecture in such high repute that they hurried' on to Winchester; or perchance, that the Abbey at that period was closed on weekdays? Scarcely the last as a golden key will open most church doors.

J. PAUL DE CASTRO.

[blocks in formation]

MILITIA ACTS (12 S. vii. 50).-I doubt whether the history of compulsory service in Essex, any more than that of any other -county, is to be found anywhere but in the archives of the Record Office, for antiquaries have practically neglected this aspect of local history. It was there at any rate, I had to spend many months in writing the history of Territorial Soldiering in the North East of Scotland, 1759-1814,' for the New Spalding Club, and in order to help - others I compiled a short account of 'Exploring War Office Records' for the Aberdeen University Library Bulletin (No. 11). The best general introduction to the whole subject is Mr. J. W. Fortescue's masterly book The County Lieutenancies and the Army, 1803-1814,' for though it treats of a later period than your correspondent desires it summarises the whole problem as nothing · else does. J. M. BULLOCH.

[ocr errors]

1

H. HOPE CREALOCK (12 S. vii. 49).– General Crealock and his brother were very well-known figures in London society. The former saw a great deal of service in the Crimea, China, India and in the Zulu War. He was an author as well as an artist, and his 'Deer Stalking in the Highlands of Scotland' was illustrated by himself.

I imagine that the 'D.N.B.' will give a good deal of information about him.

CONSTANCE RUSSELL.

Swallowfield Park, Reading.

Lieut.-General Henry Hope Crealock (18291891) was educated at Rugby School, and served in the Crimean campaign, the China War, 1857-8, the Indian Mutiny, 1858–9, the China War, 1860, and the Zulu campaign, 1868. His sketches of scenes in the Indian Mutiny, and China campaigns were considered valuable records. These sketches were advertised for sale by a dealer some eight or ten years ago, and some Old Rugbeians thought of purchasing them for the school, but an inspection of them proved disappointing. A. T. M.

Particulars may be obtained from the 'D.N.B.' His posthumous 'Deer Stalking (Longmans, Green & Co.), edited by his brother Major-General Crealock in 1892 is a large volume in Extr. Royal Folio, with many more examples of the art of this wellknown soldier sportsman.

W. S.

This was the second son of William Belton Crealock, who died Sept. 25, 1854. He was

|

Joined the Army and served in the Crimean campaign, Indian Mutiny, China and Zulu wars. Many sketches by him are in The Illustrated London News, 1879, and he was author of some books, including a six guinea volume on 'Deerstalking in the Highlands of Scotland,' folio, published 1892. He died at 20 Victoria Square, Pimlico, London, on May 31, 1891. He was C.B. in 1869, and C.M.G. in 1879, and retired from Army with the hon. rank of lieutenant-general in 1884. ARCHIBALD SPARKE.

6

84TH REGIMENT IN INDIA (12 S. vii. 29).— Most of the names given in this query are in Raikes's Roll of Officers of the 84th Regt., 1758-1884,' but no information is given beyond the period they served in the regiment. J. W. LIGHTFOOT, Major.

16, Selborne Road, Hove.

"APPLE" IN PLACE-NAMES (12 S. vii. 49).— In this enquiry reference is made to Appuldurcombe, Isle of Wight. Sir John Oglander (who died 1655) in his Memoirs (edited by Long, Reeves & Turner, page 153) under the heading "Ye Pedigree of ye Woorseleys of Apledorcombe Apelder Combe wase originollie one Apelder's; Combe in ye Saxon tongue signifieth a valley or a bottom betweene hilles.'

[ocr errors]

66 writes

Sir Robert Worsley, in a memorandum dated 1720 (see plate at p. 180 of Sir Richard Worsley's History of the Isle of Wight')

says:

Ye

"This place took its name from its scituation, for in y old Armoric Language Pul is a Bottom, or a Ditch, or a Pool, and Dur is water. Armoric Language is yt of ye Brittons in France, and agrees much with ye Cornish and was probably ye Language of y old Inhabitants of this Island. Ye Saxons added Combe, which in their Language also signifies a Bottom. I thought fitt to leave this Memorandum to Posterity, and refer them to Lhuyd's Dictionary. In ye oldest Court Roll I have, which was ye 16 year of King and likewise in some of y old ones since, but Henry ye Sixth, I find it enter'd Appuldurcombe they often varyed in ye spelling of it not knowing

from whence it was derived."

The variations of the spelling are shown from the following examples taken from Whitehead's documents quoted in Dr. Apuldur

History of the Undercliff': combe (temp. Hy. III.), Appeltrecumbe (18 Edw. II.), Appildercoumbe (1339), Apeldercombe (1340), Appeldercombe (1344), Appuldurcombe (1505), Appledercombe (1566).

The local pronunciation by the country people, when I was a boy was, and probably

[ocr errors]
[ocr errors]
[ocr errors]

Following Sir Robert Worsley's derivation Britton and Brayley (Hampshire and the Isle of Wight,' p. 373) give its origin as Y-pwll-y-dwr-y-cwm "the pool of water in the hollow or recess of a hill," and Shore History of Hampshire,' 1892, p. 59) quotes Appledercombe as among the names which may have been the names of the places they now denote in Romano-British time. "Such names (he says) "would certainly have been more intelligible to the Celtic population than to the Saxon, and the survival of such Celtic names and many others such as Mapelderwell and Itchingswell, which subsequently were made intelligible to the Saxons by a syllable of their own language being added to the old Celtic root-word, probably points to the survival of part of the conquered race at or near to these places." As against these views the Rev. Edmund Venables (Guide to the Isle of Wight,' p. 239) says

the name has been derived from " Y-pwl-dwry-cwm " which ungainly vocables are asserted to stand in ancient British 99 for "the pool of water in the valley." Without going so far back; it may be deduced much more simply from the :Saxon Appuldre" and the British "cwm,' the Valley of Apple Trees."

66

66

[ocr errors]

"This derivation is adopted in the Guide to the Isle of Wight,' in Methuen's 'Little Guides' Series, as the simplest and most probable one, and Mr. Percy G. Stone, F.S.A. (Architectural Antiquities of the Isle of Wight '), after noticing the other derivations suggested, calls 66 Appuldre Cwm," the valley of the apple trees, "the more common sense source," and adds in a note that "the indigenous crab at one time abounded here."

It may be noted that in the same parish of Godshill as Appuldurcombe, there is a thamlet called Appleford. This from documents quoted by Dr. Whittaker (op. cit.) has had many various spellings as follows: Apulderford (1280), Appeldelford (1331), Appedelford (19 Edw. III.), Appeltreford (1361) Apeltreford (1390), Appelderford (9 Hy. IV.).

[ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small]

Your correspondent's statement that the prefix apul,' appul," or apple," can hardly be connected with the fruit, does not seem well founded, and from the large number of place-names in various parts of the country derived from trees, it seems very probable that many names with the prefix in question owe their origin to the apple tree.

Dr. Isaac Tavlor (Words and Places,' London, Macmillan, 1885, p. 321) says

[blocks in formation]

"The names of fruit-trees are also very unfrequent, with the exception of that of the appletree, and even this appears very rarely in conchiefly in Celtic names such as Appledurcombe junction with Anglo-Saxon roots, being found and Avalon, or in Norse names such as Appleby, Applegarth, and Applethwaite."

[ocr errors]
[ocr errors]
[ocr errors]

It may, perhaps, be doubted how far the combe in Appuldurcombe is directly due to Celtic influence, as the Celtic "cwm" was adopted by the AngloSaxons in the form of "combe," in the same way as they adopted the Latin " castra in the form of caster or chester." The Celtic element is sparingly represented in Isle of Wight place-names, though "combe " is of frequent occurrence, e.g., Bowcombe, Galcombe, Idlecombe, Luccombe, Nettlecomb, Shalcombe, Whitcombe, Combley, and probably Compton.

[ocr errors]

While, therefore, there is good authority for the apple-tree having given its name to many places, there are probably other cases in which the prefix has a different origin. For example Taylor (op. cit. p. 237) says Appledore (which was formerly a maritime town) is a Celtic name meaning "Waterpool.' It is, of course, always a difficult question to decide the origin of a name that has come down from the remote past, as when the original meaning of a word has been forgotten, the process of assimilation often takes place, which results in the adoption of a pronunciation and spelling which will render the word significant to those using it, by making it like some familiar word of somewhat similar sound. This was especially so before the invention of printing led to a standardization spelling. It is also not improbable that, in some cases, invaders of the country adopted a name significant in their own language because it was a near approach in sound to the name previously used by the former occupants of the district.

[blocks in formation]

of

Pulman, in A Lecture on the Names of Places,' derive Appleshawe from appel and scor (Danish), the apple wood. Appledore, in Devonshire, he says, may perhaps be from

although Dr. Leo enumerate; it in his list of places derived from the Anglo-Saxon appel. The Britons were very fond of apples, and it is said that the apple tree was introduced into this country from Gaul by the Hædui, the tribe which inhabited the northern and ea tern parts of Somerset. The art of making cider and perry appears to have been taught the British by their Roman conquerors, who named the-e beverages "pyrum and 'sidera," from which our modern names have been derived. The modern word "apple" is evidently from the Celtic avall or aball. Hence Avalonia, the apple orchard, one of the ancient name of Glastonbury. W. G. WILLIS WATSON.

66

Exeter.

[ocr errors]

There is no reason to doubt that "apple means apple in most of the place-names which it distinguishes. Oaks and ashes have been the mark of some spots, apple trees of others. To them, even Avalon has been referred. Dr. Richard Morris, in 'The Etymology of Local Names' (p. 18), interprets Appleton and Appleby, Appuldurcombe, Appleshaw, Appledore and Applethwaite, as having reference to the fruit, and of Applebury Street Professor Skeat wrote in The Place-Names of Hertfordshire' (p. 67), "apple is obvious." I have read somewhere, but cannot just now remember where, that the dur in Appuldurcombe represents a Celtic word signifying tree: combe is a valley. Dr. Isaac Taylor stated in Names and their Histories' (p. 50), that it had been supposed that Appleby, Westmoreland, was a corruption or translation of the Roman Aballaba. Applecross in Rosshire he connected with aber, the mouth of a stream, the prefix having been originally aper. ST. SWITHIN.

CRYPTOGRAPHY (12 S. vii. 30). The following books deal with this subject :Alberti (L. B.) La cifra (in Opuscoli morali, 1568). Dict. de paléogr. cryptogr, &c., (in Migne, Encycl., S. 2 v. 47).

Gessmann (G. W.) Geheimsymbole d. Chemie u.
Med. d. Mittelalters, 1900.

Heidel (W. G.) Trithemi Steganographia, 1721.
Hulme (F. E.) Cryptography, n.d.

Katuzniacki (E.) Alt. Geheimschrift d. Slaven, 1883.

Lacroix (P.) Les Secrets, 1858.

Poe (E. A.) Cryptography (in works).

Perhaps W. S. B. H. may find what he wants in Vesin, La Cryptographie dévoilée ou art de traduire toutes les écritures en quelques caractères et en quelques languesque ce soit, &c.' Bruxelles, 1840. J. F. R. Godalming.

There is a book on Cryptography or TheHistory, Principles, and Practice of Cipherwriting,' by F. Edward Hulme, F.L.S., F.S.A., published by Ward Lock & Co., 8vo. pp. 192, n.d. J. CASTELLO.

23 Oxford Square, Hyde Park, W.

The following treat of sixteenth and seventeenth century systems of secret writing Systema Integrum Cryptographiæ. Authore,. Gustavo Sileno. 1624. Traicté des Chiffres, par Blaise de Viginere. 1586. De Furtivis Literarum Notis vulgo de Ziferis. Io. Baptista Porta. 1602. Mercury, or the Secret Messenger. Bishop. 2nd ed., 1694.

Wilkins.

W. H. MURPHY GRIMSHAW.

Eastry, Kent.

EMERSON'S ENGLISH TRAITS (12 S... vi. 234, 275, 302; vi. 9, 73, 228, 257, 276, 297; vii. 19, 31, 57).-2. (at last reference). The King's Proclamation of Aug. 13, 1660, for calling in and suppressing Milton's 'ProPopulo Anglicano Defensio' and Eikonoklastes,' as well as The Obstructors of Justice,' by John Goodwin, is given in J. A. St. John's preface to Milton's Prose Works. Persons in possession of the books denounced were commanded to

[ocr errors]

"deliver or cause the same to be delivered, tothe Mayor, Bailiffs, or other chief officer or Magistrate, in any of the said Cities, Borroughs, or Towns Incorporate....or if living in either of Our Universities, then to the Vice-Chancellor of that University, where he or they do reside.” If not voluntarily delivered such books. were to be seized by the chief magistrates, &c., who were specially charged and commanded to deliver all such books to the sheriffs of the respective counties.

"And the said Sheriffs are hereby also required in time of holding such assizes [the first and next assizes that shall after happen], to cause the same to be publicly burnt by the hand of the common hangman.'

St. John adds that

"in obedience to this order....several copies of

Simonetta (C.) Règles, 1474 (in Ecole des Chartes,' the proscribed books, as Mr. Mitford observes,.

t. 51, 1890).

Thicknesse (P.) Treatise, 1772.

Wheatstone (C.) Sci. papers, 1879.

Wilkins (J.) Mercury, 1694(?); (and in 'Works,' vol. ii. 1802).

were committed to the flames on the 27th of August."

Does this last date refer to London only?

But there is a later occasion when the

[ocr errors]

visited Milton's political opinions with a bibliocaust.

"The University of Oxford [writes Macaulay], on the very day [July 21, 1683] on which Russell was put to death....ordered the political works of Buchanan, Milton, and Baxter to be publicly burned in the court of the Schools " (Hist. of Eng.' ch. ii.).

The decision is more precisely described in Brodrick's Hist. of the Univ. of Oxford,' with a special circumstance which Macaulay characteristically omitted:

"On July 21, 1683, Convocation passed a decree again condemning the doctrine that resistance to a king is lawful, which doctrine it formulated in six propositions expressly stated to have been culled from the works of Milton, Baxter, and Goodwin. By the same decree, however, the University recorded an equally solemn anathema against other heresies mostly founded on the Hobbes' Leviathan,' despotic principles of thereby anticipating the verdict of the country in 1688."

66

in

graduate' 5. Unless Emerson uses some extraordinary sense, Tennyson cannot be meant, as he left Cambridge without a degree.

6. The passage in Fuller's Worthies is in the account of Archbishop Mountaine under Yorkshire" :—

[ocr errors]

"He was Chaplain to the Earl of Essex, whom he attended in his Voyage to Cales, being indeed one of such personal valour, that, out of his gown, he would turn his back to no man."

13. See Byron's letter from Venice to T. Moore, in the instalment dated Dec. 5,

[merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small]
[ocr errors]

witness to Grants cir. 1240. William Bugge is a witness temp. Edw. I. On p. 112 of vol. i. in an agreement made in 1330 for landing goods in time of drought there is in a part of the water of Trent a place mentioned called "le arrivall Rauf Bugge." The. Oxford Dictionary' quotes "arrival " in the sense of a landing-place, but only in a single instance of 1495. In vol. ii. of the Borough Records,' pp. 357, 359 occurs Bugehilles, Bughilles : there was gardenground in this part as early as These hills are mentioned frequently in vol. iii. in the fifteenth century. Here also we have Bugholis, but, as a variant form of this name is Boge Holys, or Boke Holles, bog holes." The it probably means comes in vol. iv. in 1575, "Bugholl ditch probably "Bog-hole."

66

1435.

I have a charter, undated, but probably not later than 1250, in which William Bugge, son of Robert Bugge of Nottingham, grants to Walter de Morley and Joan his wife two bovates in the territory of Kyr chalum, and other property. The first witness is H. Abbot of the Premonstratensian house of Dale. CECIL DEEDES.

The stem "bug comes to us from three sources (1) from Danish boeggeluus; (2) from Welsh bwg (w-u in "put "); and (3) from old English. The first indicates the buglouse; the second is the bugbear or hobgoblin, also called puca in Welsh (our

66

Puck"); the third is an ancient and honourable Anglo-Saxon personal name, the feminine form of which is Bugge, and the masculine Bugga. No Englishman should ridicule such proper names as Bugthorpe, Bugsworth, Buggy, or the like. Bugge, in old times, was a name of highborn ladies, e.g., Bugge, the third abbess of Minster in Thanet (c. 760); Bugge, dau. of the Abbess Dunne (c. 680); Bugge, dau. of Centwine, King of Wessex (c. 700). W. G. Searle in his Onomasticon' also gives Buggan as a place-name. In old high German we find Buggo, Bucco and Pucco.

"BUG" IN PLACE-NAMES (12 S. vii. 28).-broc Members of the Bugge family were early settled in Nottingham, and readers who have the opportunity of referring to the Record of that Borough printed between 1883 and 1889 will see how place-names In sprang up round about their property. vol. i. there is reference to a tenement called the Bug-hall Ald. 1294, 1395. Bugyerdes In 1294 there was the yard of Bugge Hall. is land called the Buggehalleyerd. A note says that Ralph Bugge was the founder of

[ocr errors]

66

ALFRED ANSCOMBE.

KASPAR HAUSER LEGEND (12 S. vii. 47).— During the years 1871-72 there was living in St. John's Road. Battersea, an old Alsatian violinist, Français (or Franz) Vogel, who played in the Adelphi Theatre orchestra. He claimed to be the nephew of Kaspar Hauser's keeper, and had written a pamphlet in order to prove that the unfortunate

« AnteriorContinuar »