..478-488 XLIV. Orders on Reconstruction- Additional | XLVI. State Platforms of 1869 Orders from War Department making changes in organization and command of Districts and Departments-AttorneyGeneral Evarts's Letter as to Military Aid to United States Marshals- Instructions to General Meade as to Military Aid to Civil Authorities of Georgia-Orders from Headquarters of the Army as to Sentences by Courts Martial-Reassigning certain Generals to Military Districts-Orders of Generals Terry, Stoneman. Webb, and Canby (including the latter's Test-Oath Letter) in First Military District-OfGeneral Canby in Second District- Of General Meade in the Third-General Orders in the Fourth-Orders of Generals Reynolds and Canby in the Fifth-New Constitution of XLVII. Votes of State Legislatures on proposed XVth Amendment to Constitution of United XLV. Judicial Decisions of United States Su- preme Court-Opinion of Attorney General on Jurisdiction of Military Commissions... 433-478 On right of a State to Tax Passengers passing through it-State Taxation of United States Cer- tificates of Indebtedness-State Taxation of United States Notes-Clause making United States Notes a Legal Tender for Debts has no reference to State Taxes-Express Contracts to pay Coined Dollars can only be satisfied by payment of Coined Dollars-Status of State of Texas-McCardle Case-Cæsar Griffin (Virginia) Case-Can a Negro hold Office in Georgia ?--In- termarriage of White and Colored Persons in Yeas and Nays in Arkansas-Connecticut- Delaware Florida Georgia - Illinois-In- diana-Kansas-Kentucky-Louisiana-Maine -Massachusetts-Michigan-Missouri-Neva- da-New Hampshire-New Jersey-New York- North Carolina-Ohio-Pennsylvania-Rhode General Sherman's Letter as to the surrender patch. Special Message on Ratification-Certificate as to Ratification-Act Enforcing XIVth and XVth Amendments-Remaining Yea and Nay Act Providing for Redemption of Three Per Cent. Temporary Loan Certificates and for an Act to Authorize Refunding of the National Propositions offered during the pendency of Act to Promote the Reconstruction of the State of Georgia-Act relating to the State of LIV Land Subsidies, 1827-1870563-572 LXI. Miscellaneous ARTICLE I. SECTION 1. All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. of shall issue Writs of Election to fill such Va cancies. The House of Representatives shall chuse their Speaker and other Officers; and shall have the sole Power of Impeachment. SEC. 3. The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State. chosen by the Legislature thereof, for six Years; and each Senator shall have one Vote. Immediately after they shall be assembled in Consequence of the first Election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three Classes. The Seats of the Senators of the first Class shall be vacated at the Expiration of the second Year, SEC. 2. The House of Representatives shall be of the second Class at the Expiration of the composed of Members chosen every second Year fourth Year, and of the third Class at the Expi by the People of the several States, and the Elec-ration of the sixth Year, so that one-third may tors in each State shall have the Qualifications requisite for Electors of the most numerous Branch of the State Legislature. be chosen every second Year; and if Vacancies happen by Resignation, or otherwise, during the Recess of the Legislature of any State, the ExNo Person shall be a Representative who ecutive thereof may make temporary Appoint shall not have attained to the Age of twenty-ments until the next Meeting of the Legislature, five Years, and been seven Years a Citizen of which shall then fill such Vacancies. the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen. The Senate shall chuse their other Officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the Absence of the Vice President, or when he shall exercise the Office of President of the United States. No Person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty Years, and been nine Years a Citizen of the United States, Representatives and direct Taxes shall be ap- and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabportioned among the several States which may itant of that State for which he shall be chosen. be included within this Union, according to The Vice President of the United States shall their respective Numbers, which shall be deter-be President of the Senate, but shall have ne mined by adding to the whole Number of free Vote, unless they be equally divided. Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Persons. The actual Enumeration shall be made within three Years after the first Meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent Term of ten Years, in such Manner as they shall by Law direct. The Number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty Thousand, but each State shall have at Least one Representative; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to chuse three, Massachusetts aight, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five, New York six, New Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five, South Carolina five, and Georgia three. When vacancies happen in the Representation from any State, the Executive Authority there The Senate shall have the sole Power to try all Impeachments. When sitting for that Purpose, they shall be on Oath or Affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: And no Person shall be convicted without the Concurrence of two thirds of the Members present. Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from Office, and Disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honour, Trust or Profit under the United States: but the Party convicted shall nevertheless bo liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to Law. SEC. 4. The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives, chall be prescribed in each State by the Legisla- | mined by yeas and Nays, and the Names of the ture therecf; but the Congress may at any time by Law make or alter such Regulations, except as to the place of chusing Senators. The Congress shall assemble at least once in every Year, and such Meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by Law appoint a different Day. SEO. 5. Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to do Business; but a smaller Number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the Attendance of absent Members, in such Manner, and under such Penalties as each House may provide. Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings, punish its Members for disorderly Behaviour, and, with the Concurrence of two thirds, expel a Member. Each House shall keep a Journal of its Proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such Parts as may in their Judgment require Secrecy; and the Yeas and Nays of the Members of either House on any question shall, at the Desire of one fifth of those Present, be entered on the Journal. Neither House, during the Session of Congress, shall, without the Consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other Place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting. SEC. 6. The Senators and Representatives shall receive a Compensation for their Services, to be ascertained by Law, and paid out of the Treasary of the United States. They shall in all Cases, except Treason, Felony and Breach of the Peace, be privileged from Arrest during their Attendance at the Session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any Speech or Debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other Place. No Senator or Representative shall, during the Time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil Office under the Authority of the United States, which shall have been created, or the Emoluments whereof shall have been encreased during such time; and no Person holding any Office under the United States, shall be a Member of either House during his Continuance in Office. Persons voting for and against the Bill shall be entered on the Journal of each House respectively. If any Bill shall not be returned by the President within ten Days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the Same shall be a law, in like Manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their Adjournment prevent its return, in which Case it shall not be a Law. Every Order, Resolution, or Vote to which the Concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of Adjournment) shall be presented to the President of the United States; and before the Same shall take Effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two-thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the Rules and Limitations prescribed in the Case of a Bill. SEC. 8. The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Inposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States; To borrow Money on the credit of the United States; To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes; To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject of Bank ruptcies throughout the United States; To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard Weights and Measures; To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of the United States; To establish Post Offices and post Roads, To promote the progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Au thors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries; To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court; To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas, and Offences against the Law of Nations; To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules concerning Captures SEC. 7. All Bills for raising Revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with Amend-on Land and Water; ments as on other Bills. To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two years; Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before | it becomes a Law, be presented to the President of the United States; If he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, with his Objec-lation of the land and naval Forces; tions to that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the Objections at large on their Journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such Reconsideration two thirds of that House shall agree to pass the Bill, it shall be sent, together with the Objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two thirds of that House, it shall become a Law. But in all such uses the Votes of both Houses shall be deter To provide and maintain a Navy; To make Rules for the Government and Regu To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions; To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of training the Militia according to the Discipline prescribed by Congress; ARTICLE I). To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases Agreement or Compact with another State, or whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding with a foreign Power, or engage in War, unless en Miles square) as may, by Cession of particular actually invaded, or in such imminent Danger States, and the Acceptance of Congress, become as will not admit of Delay. the Seat of the Government of the United States, and to exercise like Authority over all Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of in a President of the United States of America. the State in which the Same shall be, for the He shall hold his Office during the Term of four Erection of Forts, Magazines, Arsenals, Dock-Years, and, together with the Vice President, Yards, and other needful Buildings;-And To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof. SEC. 9. The Migration or Importation of such Persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the Year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a Tax or Duty may be imposed on such Importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each Person. The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it. No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed. No Capitation, or other direct, Tax shall be laid, unless in Proportion to the Census or Enu meration herein before directed to be taken. No Tax or Duty shall be laid on Articles exported from any State. No Preference shall be given by any Regulation of Commerce or Revenue to the Ports of one State over those of another; nor shall Vessels bound to, or from, one State, be obliged to enter, clear, or pay Duties in another. No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law; and a regular Statement and Account of the Receipts and Expenditures of all public Money shall be published from time to time. No Title of Nobility shall be granted by the United States: and no Person holding any Office of Profit or Trust under them, shall, without he Consent of the Congress, accept of any pres ent, Emolument, Office, or Title, of any kind whatever, from any King, Prince, or foreign State. SEC. 10. No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts, or grant any Title of Nobility. No State shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any Imposts or Duties on Imports or Exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing it's inspection Laws: and the net Produce of all Duties and Imposts, laid by any State on Imports or Exports, shall be for the Use of the Treasury of the United States; and all such Laws shall be subject to the Revision and Controul of the Congress. No State shall, without the Consent of Congrey any Duty of Tonnage, keep Troops, or Ships of War in time of Peace, enter into any SEC. 1. The executive Power shall be vested chosen for the same term, be elected as follows Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a Number of Electors, 4qual to the whole Number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress: but no Senator or Representative, or person holding an Office of Trust or Profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector. States, and vote by Ballot for two Persons, of (The Electors shall meet in their respective whom one at least shall not be an Inhabitant shall make a list of all the Persons voted for, of the same State with themselves. And they and of the Number of Votes for each; which List they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the Seat of the Government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the Presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the Certificates, and the Votes shall then be counted. The Person having the greatest Number of Votes shall be the whole Number of Electors appointed; and it President, if such Number be a Majority of the there be more than one who have such Majority, and have an equal Number of Votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately if o Person have a Majority, then from the chuse by Ballot one of them for President; and five highest on the List the said House shall in in the President, the Votes shall be taken by States, the Representation from each State hav 15 one Vote; A Quorum for this Purpose shall consist of a Member or Members from two-thirds shall be necessary to a Choice. of the States, and a Majority of all the States In every Case, after the Choice of the President, the Person like Manner chuse the President. But in chus having the greatest Number of Votes of the there should remain two or more who have equal Electors shall be the Vice President. But if Votes, the Senate shall chuse from them by Ballot the Vice President.*] The Congress may determine the Time of chusing the Electors, and the Day on which they shall give their Votes; which Day shall bo the same throughout the United States. No Person except a natural born Citizen, or a Citizen of the United States, at the time of the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the Office of President; neither shall any Person be eligible to that Office who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty-five Years, and been fourteen Years a Resident within the United States. In Case of the Removal of the President from Office, or of his Death, Resignation, or Inability *This clause of the Constitution has been annulled. Soc twelfth article of the Amendments. |