1584.

In this year Plantin published an edition of the Psalms of David in Greek and Latin; and the Acts of the Apostles were printed in Greek and Latin at Paris by Berunatus. It was dedicated to Henry III.

An edition of the Bible was printed in Wendish at Wittemberg by Hans Kraffts Erben. Attempts seem to have been made at an early period to translate portions of the Scriptures into this language. During the previous decade a translation of the Seven Penitential Psalms was attempted by an unknown pastor of one of the churches. The Latin term Venedi, with its corresponding German form, Wenden, originally applied indiscriminately to all the members. of the Sclavonic family, has become the specific appellation of a Sclavonic tribe located in Upper and Lower Lusatia, or Lusace, as it is called in French, which was an ancient territory of Germany, divided into the margravates of Upper Lusatia and Lower Lusatia. It originally belonged to Bohemia, but subsequently

it fell to Saxony, and remained with it until 1815, when Russia received the whole of Neider Lausitz. The dialect of Upper Lusatia closely resembles Bohemian; and that of Lower Lusatia is more like Polish. In both dialects, the use of the article and various peculiarities of construction have been borrowed from the German; yet, the characteristics of the original Sclavonic are still so fully retained as to make the language spoken by the peasantry easily understood by Russians. The German language, however, is very generally used by the wealthier classes, and will, in all probability, eventually supersede the Wendish.

An edition of the Bible was printed in Icelandic and published by some of the inhabitants of Iceland, among whom was Thorlakson. The ancient language of the Scandinavians was planted in Iceland by the Norwegian refugees in the ninth century. The insular and remote position of Iceland, and its consequent isolation from intercourse with other nations, have caused the language to be preserved in the utmost purity; and so

of time has effected in its structure that the humblest Icelandic peasant can read and understand the most ancient written documents extant in the island. By means of the Icelandic, the connection of the Scandinavian was intimately associated with the Gothic, Alemannic, Francic and other cognate dialects. No version of the Scriptures was made in Icelandic before the Reformation, although the ancient compendium of Scriptural history, entitled the Stiorn, has sometimes been mistaken for a Biblical translation. Oddur Gotshalkson, son of a bishop of Holum, was the first person who attempted a version of the Bible in the Icelandic language. Although a native of Iceland, he was educated in Norway, at which time his attention was arrested by the truths which were then exciting a general sensation throughout the north of Europe. It is said that for three successive nights Oddur prostrated himself before Father of Lights, beseeching Him to open the

eyes of his understanding, and to show him whether the principles of Rome or those of Luther were sent from Heaven. The result of his prayers and meditations was a deep-rooted conviction that the cause of the reformer was the cause of God; and, with the view of obtaining further information, he repaired to Germany, for the purpose of attending the lectures of Luther and Melancthon. On his return to Iceland, he entered upon a translation

of the Scriptures; and, to avoid persecution, he commenced his labors in a cow-house, remote from the habitations of men. He completed a version of the New Testament, but, finding it impossible, from the state of public opinion, to print it in Iceland, he sailed for Denmark, and published it at Copenhagen, under the patronage of Christian III. The translation was made from the Vulgate, except in a few passages where Oddur mistrusted that version, and where he consequently followed Luther. Besides the New Testament, Oddur is believed to have translated a portion of the Old Testament; but the only part of this latter translation which he committed to the press was the fifty-third chapter of Isaiah, printed at Copenhagen, with short expository notes, at the close of the sixth decade of the sixteenth century.

Four years later, Olaf Hialtetson, the first Lutheran bishop of Holum, published the Gospels and Epistles in the order appointed to be read in the churches; but this was simply a reprint from Oddivi's version. Then followed a translation of the Proverbs of Solomon and the book of Sirach, which were published at Holum, by Gissur Eincerson, the first Lutheran bishop of Skalhalt. This version of the Proverbs was made from Luther's translation, except in a few passages where it follows the Vulgate. At length the entire Bible was printed in Icelandic, at Holum, as stated above, and the work was conducted by Gud

brand Thorlakson, bishop of Holum. It is not known what share this prelate had in the translation, but the expense of the edition, which consisted of one thousand copies, partly by a munificent donation from Frederick II., of Denmark, and partly by the collection of a rix-dollar from every church in the island. This version has been called a faithful mirror of Luther's version, and on account of the purity of its diction it is still held in high esteem.

An edition of the entire Scriptures in Carniolan, was printed under direction of Dalmatin in parallel columns with the German text. This edition was designed for the Protestants of Carinthia and Carniola. This dialect is spoken in the Austrian provinces of Carinthia, Carinola, and

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Styria. It bears a strong resemblance to old Scalvonic and has been vernacular in those regions since the fifth century, but was not put in written form until about the time of the Reformation. Truber, a canon in Carniola, was the first to write in this dialect. In the prosecution of his zealous labors he met with opposition so strong that he was compelled to take refuge with Christopher, Duke of Wurtemburg, who had opened an asylum in his dominions for the persecuted. Here Truber completed the translation of the New Testament into Carniolan, which he had commenced some time previously, He translated from the Latin, German and Italian versions, for he was unacquainted with the original Greek. CHARLES W. DARLING.

DENVER, both as a city of itself, and as the commercial and financial center of an immense area of country, is an embodiment of the American pluck that has filled the western half of our continent with such splendid monuments of enterprise within the last twenty-five years; and many of the men who have predicted such results are still in their prime, and in the forefront of affairs. Denver, as these pages have already shown, is full of such men, and few have done more in various fields of labor within a given time than the stirring and energetic citizen whose name is given. above.

Amor A. McKnight is still a young man, who is only eleven years older than when he became a resident of Colorado. Few there are, if any, who began life in this then comparatively new country, under more adverse circumstances. Bnt pluck and energy, and an indomitable will, characterized his boyhood and have been a part of all his after life; especially since the day he entered the employ of W. F. Thompson as teamster in the lumber region and as a reward of merit he has steadily advanced to places of trust by his employers; first to ship

ping-clerk, and then to the successive positions of bookkeeper, traveling salesman and manager. The position last-named he held when Mr. Thompson sold out the business, and Mr. McKnight became manager for Mr. Thompson's successor, and continued as such until he was placed in nomination by the Republicans of Denver, for the office of city auditor, an office similar to that of comptroller in cities of the east.

Mr. McKnight was elected comptroller in 1887, and re-elected in 1889, and is therefore the present incumbent of that honorable and responsible position.

He has also been conspicuously identified with several large enterprises, of which he has been the head and the moving spirit, notably among which have been those described in the following: He purchased what is known as Murray Hill, for $20,000, and in thirty-eight days thereafter sold the same for $32,500. He then bought Villa Park for $191,000 and subsequently closed it out to a syndicate, in which he retains a large ownership, for $225,000. This syndicate has in contemplation extensive improvements, among which is the

construction of an electric street railway from the central part of the city to and through Villa Park, which was to be completed on or about February 1, 1891. Add to this the fact that running water is being conducted to every part of the addition, and it will be seen that it becomes one of the most desirable as well as delightful pieces of property in or about Den

ver.

Villa Park already has many beautiful houses, a commodious school house, a handsome church, and a first-class hotel.

Mr. McKnight, in company with others, purchased Arlington Park in

November for $276,000, and in the June following they declared a dividend of two hundred per cent.; and they still retain enough of the property to realize them one hundred and twenty-five per cent. additional. Fifty houses have been built on this property, no one of which cost less than $3,500.

Mr. McKnight is also the head of the firm of McKnight, Best & Co., dealers in real estate, loans, and investments, and their handsomely equipped office is in the new Ernest & Cranmer building, in Denver, where the large and increasing business of the firm is transacted.

WHEN William Arthur Willard passed out of life, in the early days of 1891, the general feeling was that Denver and Colorado had lost a valued citizen, the courts a faithful officer and the people a faithful friend. Although he had not long been a citizen of the State, he had won a prominent place, and, better than that, the respect of the community of which he had become a part.

Mr. Willard was born at Lynn, Mass., on June 24th, 1846. He was a lineal descendant of Major Simon Willard, who was born at Horsmon

den county, England. The family name is itself descriptive of some of the qualities that have been the heirlooms of its sons, the name Willard signifying "will hard," or a stern and determined will.

Major Simon Willard arrived in Boston in May, 1634. In 1637 he was commissioned lieutenant-commandant of the first military company in Concord, and was the town's first representative to the general court, and until his death was assistant of the colony, and was also for many years a celebrated surgeon. He died in December, 1755, leaving a numer