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CHAPTER 169.-Hours of labor of children.

Eight hours

SECTION 629. Any person, firm, company, corporation or association engaged in manufacturing in this State, and permitted by law a day's work. to employ child labor; or any foreman, clerk, officer, or agent of any such person, firm, corporation or association, who shall employ or keep at work any child under fourteen years of age more than eight hours per day, shall, on conviction, be fined not less than ten dollars nor more than one hundred dollars.

IOWA.

CODE OF 1897 AND SUPPLEMENT OF 1902.

SECTION 2448.

Employment of females in barrooms.

Employment

SUBSEC. 8. No female shall be employed in the place [where in- prohibited. toxicating liquors are sold].

Earnings of married women.

arate property.

SECTION 3162. A wife may receive the wages for her personal Earnings seplabor, and maintain an action therefor in her own name, and hold the same in her own right, and may prosecute and defend all actions for the preservation and protection of her rights and property, as if unmarried.

Earnings of minors.

SECTION 3191. Where a contract for the personal services of a minor has been made with him alone, and the services are afterwards performed, payment therefor made to him, in accordance with the terms of the contract, is a full satisfaction therefor, and the parent or guardian can not recover a second time.

Employment of women and children.

SECTION 4999. All employers of females in any mercantile or manufacturing business or occupation shall provide and maintain suitable seats, when practicable, for the use of such female employees, at or beside the counter or workbench where employed, and permit the use thereof by such employees to such extent as the work engaged in may reasonably admit of.

Any neglect or refusal to comply with the provisions of this section by any employer shall be punished by a fine not exceeding ten dollars.

SEC. 4999a. Every manufacturing establishment, workshop or hotel in which five or more persons are employed, shall be provided with a sufficient number of water-closets, earth closets or privies for the reasonable use of the persons employed therein, which shall be properly screened and ventilated and kept at all times in a clean condition; and if women or girls are employed in such establishment, the water-closets, earth closets or privies used by them shall have separate approaches and be separate and apart from those used by the men.

SEC. 4999b. ** No person under sixteen years of age, and no female under eighteen years of age shall be permitted or directed to clean machinery while in motion. Children under sixteen years of age shall not be permitted to operate or assist in operating dangerous machinery of any kind.

ACTS OF 1906.

CHAPTER 103.-Employment of children.

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SECTION 1. No person under fourteen years of age shall be em- Age limit. ployed with or without wages or compensation in any mine, manu

facturing establishment, factory, mill, shop, la

slaughter

elevators.

tions.

Operating house or packing house, or in any store or mercantile establishment where more than eight persons are employed, or in the operation of any freight or passenger elevator. Dangerous, SEC. 2. No person under sixteen years of years [sic] of age shall etc., occupa- be employed at any work or occupation by which, by reason of its nature or the place of employment, the health of such person may be injured, or his morals depraved, or at any work in which the handling or use of gunpowder, dynamite or other like explosive is required, and no female under sixteen years of age shall be employed in any capacity where the duties of such employment compel her to remain constantly standing.

Night work.

SEC. 3. No person under sixteen years of age shall be employed at any of the places or in any of the occupations recited in section 1 hereof before the hour of six o'clock in the morning or after the hour of nine o'clock in the evening, and if such person is employed exceeding five hours of each day, a noon intermission of not less than thirty minutes shall be given between the hours of eleven and Hours of la- one o'clock, and such person shall not be employed more than ten hours in any one day, exclusive of the noon intermission, but the provisions of this section shall not apply to persons employed in husking sheds or other places connected with canning factories where vegetables or grain are prepared for canning and in which no machinery is operated.

bor.

List.

False statements.

Enforce

ment.

SEC. 4. Every person, firm or corporation having in its employ, at any of the places or in any of the occupations recited in section 1 of this act, any persons under sixteen years of age, shall cause to be posted at some conspicuous location at the place of such employment, and where same shall be accessible to inspection at all times during business hours, a list of the names of such persons, giving after each name, the date of the birth of such person and the date when employed.

SEC. 5. Any parent, guardian or other person, who having under his control any person under sixteen years of age causes or permits said person to work or be employed in violation of the provisions of this act, or any person making, certifying to, or causing to be made or certified to, any statement, certificate or other paper for the purpose of procuring the employment of any person in violation of the provisions of this act, or who makes, files, executes or delivers any such statement [,] certificate or other paper containing any false statement for the purpose of procuring the employment of any person in violation of this act, or for the purpose of concealing the violation of this act in such employment, and every person, firm or corporation, or the agent [,] manager, superintendent, or officer of any person, firm or corporation, whether for himself or such person, firm or corporation, either by himself or acting through any agent, foreman, superintendent or manager, who knowingly employs any person or permits any person to be employed in violation of the provisions of this act, or who shall refuse to allow any authorized officer or person to inspect any place of business under the provisions of this act, if demand is made therefor at any time during business hours or who shall willfully obstruct such officer or person while making such inspection, or who shall fail to keep posted the lists containing the names of persons employed under sixteen years of age and other information as required by this act, or who shall knowingly insert any false statement in such list, or who violates any other provision of this act, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon being found guilty thereof, shall be fined not to exceed one hundred dollars or be imprisoned in the county jail not to exceed thirty days.

SEC. 6. It shall be the duty of the commissioner of the bureau of labor statistics to enforce the provisions of this act, and such commissioner and his deputies, factory inspectors, assistants and other persons authorized by him in writing, State mine inspectors, and county attorneys, mayors, chiefs of police and police officers, acting under their written directions, city and town marshals, sheriffs and their deputies within the territories where they exercise their official functions, and any person having au

thority therefor in writing from the judge of a court of record within the territory over which such judge has jurisdiction, shall have authority to visit any of the places enumerated in section 1 of this act, and make an inspection thereof to ascertain if any of the provisions of this act are violated or any person unlawfully employed thereat, and such persons shall not be interfered with or prevented from asking questions of any person found at the place being inspected by them with reference to the provisions of this act. It shall be the duty of the county attorney to invescigate all complaints made to him of the violation of this act, and to attend and prosecute at the trial of all cases for its violation upon any information that may be filed within his county.

KANSAS.

GENERAL STATUTES OF 1901.

Certain employments of children forbidden.

SECTION 2034.

Acrobatic

* Any person having in his custody or control a child under the age of fourteen years, who shall in any and mendicant way dispose of it with a view to its being employed as an acrobat, occupations. or a gymnast, or a contortionist, or a circus rider, or a ropewalker, or in any exhibition of like dangerous character, or as a beggar, or mendicant, or pauper, or street singer, or street musician; or any person who shall take, receive, hire, employ, use, exhibit, or have in custody any child of the age last named for any of the purposes last enumerated, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and when convicted thereof shall be subject to punishment by a fine of not more than two hundred and fifty dollars, or by imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year, or both.

Seats for female employees.

Seats to be

SECTION 3842. The proprietor, manager or person having charge of any mercantile establishment, store, shop, hotel, restaurant or provided. other place where women or girls are employed as clerks or help therein in this State shall provide chairs, stools or other contrivances for the comfortable use of such female employees, and shall permit the use of same by such female employees for the preservation of their health and for rest when not actively employed in the discharge of their respective duties.

SEC. 3843. Any proprietor, manager or other person violating the preceding section of this act shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be fined in a sum not less than ten dollars nor more than one hundred dollars.

Earnings of married women.

SECTION 4022. Any married woman may carry on any trade or business, and perform any labor or services, on her sole and separate account; and the earnings of any married woman, from her trade, business, labor or services, shall be her sole and separate property, and may be used and invested by her in her own name.

Employment of children in mines.

SECTION 4140. No person under twelve years of age shall be allowed to work in any coal mine, nor any minor between the ages of twelve and sixteen years unless he can read and write and furnish a certificate from a school teacher, which shall be kept on file, showing that he has attended school at least three months during the year; and in all cases of minors applying for work, the agent of such coal mine shall see that the provisions of this section are not violated; and upon conviction of a willful violation of this section of this act, the agent of such coal mine shall be fined in any sum not to exceed fifty dollars for each and every offense.

[See section 1, chapter 278, Acts of 1905, below.]

Penalty.

Earnings sep

arate property.

Age limit.

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ACTS OF 1905.

CHAPTER 278.-Employment of children-Age limit in factories, mines, etc.

SECTION 1. No child under fourteen years of age shall be employed at any time in any factory or packing houses or in or about any mine. No person under sixteen years of age shall be employed at any occupation nor at any place dangerous or injurious to life, limb, health, or morals.

SEC. 2. All persons, firms or corporations employing children shall be required first to obtain a certificate of the age of such children, where possible, from the school board, principal of school or teacher of the school in district or city wherein such children reside. Said certificate shall be issued without charge; shall be substantially in the following form:

STATE OF KANSAS, COUNTY OF

This certifies that

CITY OR DISTRICT. according to the records of this school and from all the knowledge that I can obtain, was born at city, of the State of

in

County, and

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To which shall be added the name of the school district or city and the official position of the member of the board, principal or teacher signing the same. When it is impossible to secure the certificate herein above provided for as to the age of the child, the firm, person or corporarion [corporation] employing such child shall secure a statement of the age of such child from the parent or legal guardian of such child, which statement shall be verified under oath before some officer authorized to administer oaths. Such certificate shall be sufficient protection to the employer of any child as to the age of such child, except when such employer has actual knowledge of the falsity of such certificate; and all such certificates shall be kept constantly on file in a convenient place, and shall at all times be open to the inspection of the proper authorities, as provided in this act.

SEC. 3. It shall be the duty of the State factory inspector, State inspector of mines and their deputies to inspect the certificates herein above provided for, to examine children employed in factories, mines and packing houses as to their age, and to file complaints in any court of competent jurisdiction to enforce the provisions of this act, and it shall be the duty of the county attorney of the proper county to appear and prosecute all complaints so filed.

SEC. 4. Any person, firm or corporation employing any person or child in violation of any provisions of this act, or permitting or conniving at such violation, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be fined in a sum not less than twenty-five dollars nor more than one hundred dollars, or by imprisonment in the county jail not less than thirty days nor more than ninety days.

KENTUCKY.

CONSTITUTION.

Employment of children to be regulated.

SECTION 243. The general assembly shall, by law, fix the minimum ages at which children may be employed in places dangerous to life or health, or injurious to morals; and shall provide adequate penalties for violations of such law,

STATUTES OF 1903.

Certain employments of children forbidden-Age limit in factories,

etc.

etc.,

SECTION 326. A person who, for gain or reward, employs or Mendicant, causes to be employed, or who exhibits, uses, or who has in his immoral, custody for the purpose of exhibiting or employing any child occupations. actually or apparently under the age of sixteen years, or any person who, having the care, custody, or control of such child, as parent, relative, guardian, employer, or otherwise, sells, lets out, gives away, or in any way procures or consents for gain or reward to the employment or exhibition of such child, either, first, in begging or receiving alms, or in any mendicant occupation; second, or (being a female) in peddling or in any wandering occupation; third, or male or female in any indecent or immoral occupation or practice, or in the exhibition of any such child when insane or idiotic; or, fourth, in any practice or exhibition of unusual danger to the life, limb, health, or morals of the child, is guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall, for the first offense, be fined not more than twenty dollars, or confined in the county jail or workhouse, in counties having a workhouse, not more than ninety days, or both so fined and confined within the discretion of the court; and, upon conviction for the second, or any subsequent offense, shall be fined in any sum not exceeding one hundred dollars, or imprisoned in the penitentiary for a term not exceeding one year, or both so fined and confined within the discretion of the jury.

SEC. 331a. 1. It shall be unlawful for a proprietor, foreman, owner or other person to employ any child less than fourteen years of age in any workshop, factory, or mine, in this State; unless said proprietor, foreman or owner shall know the age of the child, it shall be his or their duty to require the parent or guardian to furnish a sworn statement of its age, and any swearing falsely to such by the parent or guardian shall be perjury and punishable as such.

Provided, That if the parent or guardian and the county judge of any county may consent in writing for such employment, then in that event such employment may be made, subject to the approval of the county attorney of said county, in the event of any complaint, and if he thinks, after investigation of such complaint, that it is against the best interests or moral welfare of such infant child he may so notify said employer, and then this act applies as if no consent was given.

2. Any proprietor, foreman, or owner employing a child less than fourteen years of age in conflict with the provisions of this act, except where such proprietor, foreman or owner has been furnished with a sworn statement of guardian or parent that the child is more than fourteen years of age, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be fined not less than twentyfive dollars and not more than two hundred and fifty dollars. [See chapter 52, Acts of 1906, below.]

ACTS OF 1906.

CHAPTER 52.-Employment of children-Factory inspection.

Age limit.

Proviso.

Penalty.

Hours of la

SECTION 1. No child under sixteen years of age, employed in any manufacturing establishment, mine, mill or workshop in this Com- bor. monwealth, shall be required, permitted or suffered to work therein more than sixty hours in any one week, nor more than ten hours in any one day, unless for the purpose of making a shorter work day on any one day of the week, and in no case shall any child under sixteen years of age work in any manufacturing establishment, mine, mill or workshop after seven o'clock in the evening or before six o'clock in the morning of any day; and every 27295-No. 73-08-4

Night work.

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