The zinc carbonate ore is chiefly taken by the Mineral Point Zinc Company and made into zinc oxide in the plant at Mineral Point, Wis. A considerable quantity of the low-grade zinc blende concentrate is used in the same way. Only the higher-grade zinc blende concentrates are sold for manufacture into spelter.

REVIEW BY DISTRICTS.

Benton district.-The Bureau Mining Company, having had its concentrating plant destroyed by fire, purchased the Ida 50-ton mill, and rebuilt it at the Bureau mine late in the year. The Benton Mining and Development Company produced galena and blende from the Pittsburg-Benton mine and prospected the Drum lease south of Leadmine. The Corr raised lead ore and an equal tonnage of dry bone before the mill was burned in November. The Dawson mine and mill were sold and reorganized as the Reich Mining Company. The Etna Mining Company and the Frontier Mining Company each had a considerable production of zinc blende and some lead ore. The Fox Lead and Zinc Company acquired a roaster and magnetic separator, and produced zinc blende with a small quantity of lead ore. The Ollie-Belle mine of the Mifflin-Linden Mining Company was equipped early in the year with a 100-ton mill furnished with Wilfley tables, but the mill was not put in operation. The mill of the Pacific Gold Mining Company was burned and the mine subsequently abandoned. The Wilkinson Mining and Milling Company hand cleaned a good quantity of lead ore. The Aragon Lead and Zinc Company moved and rebuilt the Snowball mill at the Aragon mine.

There were several smaller producers and others engaged in development work.

Cuba City district.-The following are among the larger producers in this district: The Baxter Mining Company continued its output of zinc concentrates. The Best Mining Company added a roaster to its concentrating plant and marketed zinc ore and considerable lead. The Dall Lead and Zinc Company reported a large production of lead and zinc concentrates. The Vandeventer Lead and Zinc Mining Company completed a mill early in the year and marketed zinc concentrates. The Board of Trade Mining Company completed a 100-ton mill rather late in the year, and produced some high-grade zinc concentrates, together with some lead ore. The Henrietta Mining Company completed a 40-ton mill early in 1908 and joined the ranks of producers of lead ore. Several other companies added to the production of the year. The Pittsburg Lead and Zinc Company purchased the Cook mill and moved it to the Pittsburg Mine.

Dodgeville district. The Blue Mounds Mining and Smelting Company and the McKinlay Zinc Mining Company marketed zinc ore, and the Swastika Mining Company, lead ore. Several other mines operated only for a short time.

Hazel Green district.-The Kennedy Mining Company completed a 100-ton, gasoline-driven mill late in the year, and have now two 100ton mills operating upon ores from the same body, which, as developed at present, consists of pitches 1,000 feet in length. The company produces zinc concentrates and also considerable lead ore.

87150-M R 1908, PT 1 41

Another large production of zinc blende was reported by the United States Zinc Company, which succeeded the Mills Mining and Reduction Company in the operation of the Mills mine. A new roasting and magnetic separating plant was added during the year. The ore body is made up of flats and accompanying pitches at 208 feet in depth. In mining, the whole cross section, 85 feet in height and 520 feet in width, is taken up. Several companies report a small production in development work. The Scrabble Creek Mining Company, after an extensive campaign of drilling, is sinking upon an ore body.

Highland district.-The Highland Mining Company operated two mills, one, of 50 tons capacity, upon zinc carbonate ores, and a new 100-ton mill upon zinc blende ores. The Franklin Mining Company produced zinc carbonate ore together with some lead. The Wallace Mining Company mined zinc and lead ore, which was milled on the Milwaukee Mineral Company's mill. There were several smaller producers in the district."

Linden district.-Among the producers of zinc blende and lead ore in this district were the Dark Horse Mining Company and the Ross Brothers Mining Company. The Glanville Mining Company reported production of zinc blende. The Platteville-Linden and the RacineLinden mines were in operation for short periods. The Mason mine of the Mifflin-Linden Mining Company was abandoned in March, and the mill moved to the company's property at Highland.

Livingston district.-Among the principal producers in this district were the Coker mine of the Mifflin-Linden Mining Company, the Sunrise Mining Company, the Senator Mining Company, and the Washburn Mining Company. The latter purchased the New Crescent mill and erected it late in the year. The Union Zinc Company took over the Sunset mine and mill. The D. D. & C. mine was sold to the Senator Mining Company and the mill in course of erection was enlarged to 100 tons capacity.

Mifflin district.-The Grunow Mining Company, the Peacock Mining Company, and the Slack Mining Company were among the larger producers of zinc blende in this district, and the Slack company marketed considerable lead ore as well. The Peni Mining Company equipped a 75-ton mill in August, and the Squirrel Mining Company, after prospecting and development work, began the erection of a 50-ton mill.

Mineral Point district. The Merry Christmas Lead and Zinc Mining Company made an output of zinc ore, but closed down after a short period of operation. The Harris Mining Company, the Liverpool Mining Company, the John Ross Mining Company, and the Hoare Mining Company also reported production. The Hazel Patch Mining Company's plant was removed when the company failed in September. A new company will take over the mine in 1909. Numerous suits for damages by the fumes of the acid plant of the Mineral Point Zinc Company caused the company to contemplate the removal of the works to the side of their smelter at Depue, Ill., but matters were compromised and the works will remain at Mineral Point.

Platteville district.-About the middle of the year the Wisconsin Zinc Company, affiliated with the American Zinc, Lead and Smelting

Company and the American Zinc Ore Separating Company, was organized and took over the Acme, Empire, Royal, and Mitchell Hollow mines. Later in the year the Royal plant was dismantled, the mill being moved to the Mitchell Hollow mine and the roaster being added to the one already equipping the Empire mine. The Empire and the Acme mines were in operation and reported production of zinc blende concentrates. The St. Rose Mining Company, the Weigel Mining Company, the Hodge Zinc Mining Company, the Homestead Mining Company, and the Klar-Piquette Mining Company were also among the producers. The Lyght Mining Company rebuilt the Rico mill at the Lyght mine; the Cruson Mining Company built a new mill and produced some zinc ore; and the Cleveland-Victory Lead and Zinc Company began the erection of a new mill at the close of the year.

GOLD, SILVER, COPPER, LEAD, AND ZINC IN THE

EASTERN STATES.

(MINE PRODUCTION.)

By H. D. MCCASKEY.

INTRODUCTION.

This report is a brief review of the gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc mining industries of the Eastern or Appalachian States for 1908, and contains the statistics of their production of these metals for that year. The area covered is for the greater part coincident with the broad belt of old metamorphic and associated igneous rocks extending southwesterly from Vermont to Alabama. The zinc-lead belt of southwest Virginia, however, and its extension southwestward into eastern Tennessee lies to the west of this great belt and is contained within the limestone and dolomite of Cambro-Ordovician time.

In addition to the mines of gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc ores, which form the main consideration of this report, pyrite mines known to be actually producing copper are taken into account, and the tonnage of chalcopyrite or cupriferous pyrite, given as closely as possible, is, for the purpose of this report, the tonnage of these mines.

The production set forth in the following tables is based on confidential individual reports by mine operators to the United States Geological Survey and may differ in details from that reported for the various metals by smelters, refiners, and the United States Mint. The latter represent the actual production in marketable form of metals treated during the year, and may represent in part ore mined during the previous year; whereas the mine figures aim to give the recoverable metals in the ore mined and sold or treated during the year in review. For a given series of years the figures should closely agree, and for any individual year the lag at the close of the year is usually small, being largely compensated for by a corresponding overlap at the beginning of that year.

The cooperation of mine operators and others of the mining industry with the United States Geological Survey has continued to be most cordial, and is here gratefully acknowledged.

PRODUCTION.

The total value of the production of gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc in the Eastern States for the calendar year 1908 was $5,152,007. This represents the output of 105 producing mines, of which 58 were gold placers. The gold production was 12,536.04 fine ounces,