MOORE, P. N. Kentucky Geol. Survey, vol. C.

Report on the iron ores in the vicinity of Cumberland Gap: Rept. Kentucky Geol. Survey, new ser., vol. 4, 1878, pp. 241-254.

Report on Bath and Fleming counties, Ky.: Kentucky Geol. Survey, 1886. MORGAN, D. F. The native ores of Jackson County, Ohio: Iron Trade Rev., February 13, 1908.

MOXHAM, E. C. The "Great Gossan Lead" of Virginia: Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. 21, 1892, pp. 133-138.

NASON, F. L. The geological structure of the Ringwood iron mines, New Jersey: Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. 24, 1894, pp. 505-521.

NEWLAND, D. H., and HARTNAGEL, C. A. Iron ores of the Clinton formation in New York State: Bull. New York State Mus. No. 123, 1908.

NEWLAND, D. H., and KEMP, J. F. Geology of the Adirondack magnetic iron ores (New York): Bull. New York State Mus. No. 119, 1908.

NITZE, H. B. C. Iron ores of North Carolina: Bull. North Carolina Geol. Survey No. 1, 1893, 239 pp.

The magnetic iron ores of Ashe County, N. C.: Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. 21, 1892, pp. 250-280.

OHIO GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. Various reports.

ORTON, E. Ohio Geological Survey, vol. 5.

PECHIN, E. C. The iron ores of Virginia and their development: Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. 19, 1891, p. 1016.

Report on the property of the Rich Patch Iron Company: Staunton, Va.,

1892, 13 pp.

Virginia Oriskany iron ores: Eng. and Min. Jour., vol. 54, 1892, p. 150.

The Oriskany ores at Rich Patch mines, Virginia: Eng. and Min. Jour.,

vol. 61, 1896, pp. 113, 134, 159–160.

PENNSYLVANIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. Various reports.

PHALEN, W. C. Origin and occurrence of certain iron ores of northeastern Kentucky: Econ. Geology, vol. 1, No. 7, 1906, pp. 660–669.

Economic geology of the Kenova quadrangle, Kentucky, Ohio, and West

Virginia: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 349, 1908, pp. 122-130.

Iron ores near Ellijay, Ga.: U. S. Geol. Survey No. 340, 1908, pp. 330-334. PHILLIPS, W. B. Brown iron ores of Alabama: Iron Age, June 4, 11, 25, July 9, August 6, and September 3, 1908.

A great southern iron-ore reserve: Manufacturers' Record, February 4, 1909. PORTER, J. J. The Virginia iron industry: Manufacturers' Record, vol. 51, 1907, pp. 717-719, 749-752, 788-790.

RUTLEDGE, J.J. The Clinton iron-ore deposits of Stone Valley, Huntingdon County, Pa.: Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. 39, 1908.

SMITH, E. A. The iron-ore industry in Alabama: Eng. and Min. Jour., June 6, 1908. SMITH, P. S. The gray iron ores of Talladega County, Ala.: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 315, 1907, pp. 161-184.

SMOCK, J. C. Iron mines and iron-ore districts in the State of New York: Bull. New York State Mus. No. 7, 1889.

SPENCER, A. C. Genesis of the magnetite deposits in Sussex County, N. J.: Min. Mag., vol. 10, 1904, pp. 377-381.

Magnetite deposits in Berks and Lebanon counties, Pa.: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 315, 1907, pp. 185-189.

Magnetite deposits of the Cornwall type in Pennsylvania: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 359, 1908.

STEWART, C. A. The magnetite belts of Putnam County, N. Y.: School of Mines Quart., April, 1908, pp. 283-294.

STOLTZ, G. C. The forest of Dean iron mine: Eng. and Min. Jour., May 30, 1908. WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. Various reports.

WHITE, I. C. Pennsylvania Second Geol. Survey, Ann. Rept. Q.

PUBLICATIONS ON LAKE SUPERIOR IRON ORES.

Anon. Swanzy iron-ore district: Iron Trade Rev., January, 1909.
BACON, D. H. The development of Lake Superior iron ores: Trans. Am. Inst. Min.
Eng., vol. 27, 1897, pp. 341-344.
BAILEY, C. E.

Mining methods on the Mesabi Range: Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. 27, 1897, pp. 529–536.

BAYLEY, W. S. The Menominee iron-bearing district of Michigan: Mon. U. S. Geol. Survey, vol. 42, 1904.

Boss, C. M. Some dike features of the Gogebic iron range: Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. 27, 1897, pp. 556–563.

BRINSMADE, R. B. The great iron fields of the Lake Superior district: Min. Sci., November 26, December 3, December 10, December 17, December 24, and December 31, 1908, and January 7, 1909.

CHAMBERLIN, T. C. Clinton iron-ore deposits: Geology of Wisconsin, 1873 to 1877, vol. 2, p. 327, and atlas.

CLEMENTS, J. M. The Vermilion iron-bearing district of Minnesota: Mon. U. S. Geol. Survey, vol. 45, 1903.

SMYTH, H. L., BAYLEY, W. S., and VAN HISE, C. R. The Crystal Falls ironbearing district of Michigan: Nineteenth Ann. Rept. U. S. Geol. Survey, pt. 3, 1898, pp. 1-157; also Mon. U. S. Geol. Survey, vol. 36, 1899.

DENTON, F. W. Methods of iron mining in northern Minnesota: Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. 27, 1897, pp. 344-390.

IRVING, R. D. and VAN HISE, C. R. The Penokee iron-bearing series of Michigan and Wisconsin: Mon. U. S. Geol. Survey, vol. 19, 1892.

IRVING, J. D. and VAN HISE, C. R. The Penokee iron-bearing series of Michigan and Wisconsin: Tenth Ann. Rept. U. S. Geol. Survey, pt. 1, 1889, pp. 341-507. JOPLING, J. E. The Marquette Range-Its discovery, development, and resources: Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. 27, 1897, pp. 541-555.

LEITH, C. K. The Mesabi iron-bearing district of Minnesota: Mon. U. S. Geol. Survey, vol. 43, 1903.

A summary of Lake Superior geology with special reference to recent studies of the iron-bearing series: Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. 35, 1904, pp. 454-507. The geology of the Cuyuna iron range, Minnesota: Econ. Geology, vol. 2, pp. 145-152. 1907.

LONGYEAR, E. J. Explorations on the Mesabi Range: Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. 27, 1897, pp. 537–541.

SMYTH, H. L. and FINLAY, J. R. The geological structure of the western part of the Vermilion Range, Minnesota: Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. 25, 1895, pp. 595-645. VAN HISE, C. R. The iron-ore deposits of the Lake Superior region: Twenty-first Ann. Rept., U. S. Geol. Survey, pt. 3, 1901, pp. 305-434.

BAYLEY, W. S., and SMYTH, H. L. Preliminary report on the Marquette iron-bearing district of Michigan: Fifteenth Ann. Rept. U. S. Geol. Survey, 1894, pp. 477-650. Also same with atlas: Mon. U. S. Geol. Survey, vol. 28, 1897. WIEDMANN, S. The Baraboo iron-bearing district of Wisconsin: Bull. Wisconsin Geol. and Nat. Hist. Survey No. 13, 1904.

WINCHELL, N. H. Structures of the Mesabi iron ore: Proc. Lake Sup. Min. Inst., June, 1908.

PUBLICATIONS ON MISSISSIPPI VALLEY IRON ORES.

COMSTOCK, T. B. A preliminary report on the central mineral region of Texas: First Ann. Rept. Texas Geol. Survey, 1890, pp. 239-391.

Report on the geology and mineral resources of the central mineral region of Texas: Second Ann. Rept. Texas Geol. Survey, 1891, PP. 555-664. ECKEL, E. C. Iron ores of northeastern Texas: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 260, 1905, pp. 348-353.

The iron industry of Texas: Iron Age, vol. 76, 1905, pp. 478-479. JOHNSON, L. C. Report on the iron-ore regions of northern Louisiana and eastern Texas: House Doc. No. 195, 50th Cong., 1st sess., 1888.

KENNEDY, W. Iron ores of east Texas: Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. 24, 1894, pp. 258-288.

The age of the iron ores of east Texas: Science, vol. 23, pp. 22-25.

and others. Report on the iron-ore district of eastern Texas: Second Ann. Rept. Texas Geol. Survey, 1891, pp. 7–326.

NASON, F. L. Iron ores of Missouri: Missouri Geol. Survey Rept., vol. 2, 1892. PENROSE, R. A. F. jr. A preliminary report on the geology of the Gulf tertiaries of Texas from Red River to the Rio Grande: First Ann. Rept. Texas Geol. Survey, 1890, pp. 3–100.

The Tertiary iron ores of Arkansas and Texas: Bull. Geol. Soc. America, vol. 3, 1891, pp. 47-50.

PUBLICATIONS ON WESTERN IRON ORES.

AUBURY, L. E. Iron Structural and industrial materials of California, 1906, p. 297. BALL, S. H. The Hartville iron ore range, Wyoming: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 315, 1907, pp. 190-205.

Titaniferous iron ore of Iron Mountain, Wyoming: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 315, 1907, pp. 206–212.

BOUTWELL, J. M. Iron ores in the Uinta Mountains, Utah: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 225, 1904, pp. 221-228.

CHANCE, H. M. Iron mines of Hartville, Wyo.: Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. 30, 1900, pp. 987-1003.

DILLER, J. S. Iron ores of the Redding quadrangle, California: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 213, 1903, pp. 219-220.

HARDER, E. C. The Taylor Peak and Whitepine iron-ore deposits, Colorado: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 380-E, 1909.

HERSHEY, O. H. Amarillo iron and phosphate deposits: Min. and Sci. Press., October 17, 1908, p. 535.

JENNINGS, E. P. Origin of the magnetic iron ores of Iron County, Utah: Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. 35, 1904, pp. 338-342.

JONES, C. C. An iron-ore deposit in the California desert region: Eng. and Min. Jour., April 17, 1909.

KEYES, C. R. Iron deposits of the Chupadera Mesa: Eng. and Min. Jour., vol. 78, 1904, p. 632.

LAKES, A. p. 267.

The Great Cebolla River deposits: Colliery Engineer, vol. 16, 1896, LEITH, C. K. Iron ores in southern Utah: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 225, 1904, pp. 229-237.

Iron ores of the western United States and British Columbia: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 285, 1906, pp. 194-200.

and HARDER, E. C. Iron ores of the Iron Springs district, southern Utah: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 338, 1908.

LINDGREN, W. A deposit of titanic iron ore from Wyoming: Science, new ser., 16, 1902, pp. 984-985.

vol.

PAIGE, SIDNEY. The Hanover iron-ore deposits, New Mexico: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 380-E, 1909.

PRESCOTT, B. The occurrence and genesis of the magnetite ores of Shasta County, Cal. Econ. Geology, vol. 3, 1908, No. 6, p. 465.

SMITH, GEORGE O., and WILLIS, B. The Clealum iron ores, Washington: Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. 30, pp. 356-366. 1901.

VALLET, B. W. The iron ores and system of mining at Sunrise mine, Wyoming: Min. Rep., November 28, 1907.

PUBLICATIONS ON CUBAN IRON ORES.

Anon. Cuban ore deposits: Iron and Coal Trade Rev., May 1, 1908.

pp. 421-426.

Iron mining in Cuba: Iron Age, vol. 81, April 9, 1908, pp. 1149-1157. The Mayari iron-ore district of Cuba: Iron Age, vol. 80, August 15, 1907, CHISHOLM, F. F. Iron-ore beds in the province of Santiago, Cuba: Proc. Colorado Sci. Soc., vol. 3, 1891, pp. 259-263.

GRAHAM, T. H. Sigua iron mines, Cuba: Iron Age, vol. 41, 1888, p. 140.

HAYES, C. W., VAUGHAN, T. W., and SPENCER, A. C. A geological reconnaissance of Cuba, Iron, p. 69.

KIMBALL, J. P. Geological relations and genesis of the specular iron ores of Santiago de Cuba: Am. Jour. Sci., 3d ser., vol. 28, 1884, pp. 416-429.

The iron-ore range of the Santiago district of Cuba: Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. 13, 1885, pp. 613-634.

SOUDER, HARRISON. Mineral deposits of Santiago, Cuba: Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. 35, 1904, p. 313.

SPENCER, A. C. The iron ores of Santiago, Cuba: Eng. and Min. Jour., vol. 72, pp. 633-634. 1901.

Iron ores of Cuba: In Ann. Rept. Military Governor of Cuba for 1901.
Three deposits of iron ore in Cuba: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 340, 1908.

GENERAL PUBLICATIONS ON IRON ORES.

Anon. Iron and steel production of the world: Eng. and Min. Jour., July 4, 1908. The Iron and steel industry in 1908: Eng. and Min. Jour., January 9, 1909. Fluctuations in the prices of iron and steel products, 1899-1908: Iron Age, BIRKINBINE, J. Iron ores: Mineral Resources of the United States, ann. vols. from 1886, 1887, and 1889 to 1905, inclusive.

January 14, 1909.

Iron ores: Mineral industries, pp. 3-30, Eleventh Census of the United States, 1890.

BIRKINBINE, J. Iron ore: Mines and quarries, pp. 395-434, Special Reports of Census Office, 1902.

The production of iron ores in various parts of the world. In Sixteenth Ann. Rept. Ü. S. Geol. Survey, pt. 3, pp. 21-218, 1894.

The iron ore supply: Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng. vol. 27, 1897, pp. 519–528. CABOT, G. L. Pyritic origin of iron-ore deposits: Eng. and Min. Jour., September 26, 1908.

CHANCE, H. M. A new theory of the genesis of brown hematite ores, and a new source of sulphur supply: Bi-mo. Bull. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., September, 1908. Pyritic origin of iron-ore deposits. Eng. and Min. Jour., August 29, 1908. ECKEL, E. C. Utilization of iron and steel slags: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 213, 1903, pp. 221-231.

317-320.

Iron ores of the United States: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 260, 1905, pp.

Iron ores, pig iron, and steel: Mineral Resources of the United States for 1906, U. S. Geol. Survey, 1907, pp. 67-102.

Iron ores, pig iron, and steel: Mineral Resources of the United States for 1907, pt. 1, U. S. Geol. Survey, 1908, pp. 51-85.

HAYES, C. W. Iron ores of the United States: Papers on the conservation of natural resources: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 394, 1909.

The iron ores of the United States: Iron Age, April 29, 1909.

JEANS, HAROLD. The world's export trade in iron and steel and its regulation: Iron and Coal Trade Rev., November 27, 1908.

KEMP, J. F. A brief review of the titaniferous magnetites: School of Mines Quart., vol. 20, 1898-1899, pp. 323–356.

LEITH, C. K. Iron-ore reserves: Econ. Geology, vol. 1, 1906, pp. 360–368.

PUMPELLY, R. Iron ores of the United States: Mining Industries, Tenth Census of the United States, vol. 15, 1880. (Benton, E. R., Willis, B., Notes on samples.) PUTNAM, B. T., and CHAUVENET, U. M. Notes on samples of iron ore collected for analysis and on the ore deposits from which they were taken: Mining Industries, Tenth Census of the United States, vol. 15, 1880.

SWANK, J. M. American Iron Trade: Mineral Resources of the United States, ann. vols. 1882 to 1904, inclusive; also ann. statist. repts. of the American Iron and Steel Association, Philadelphia.

Iron and steel and allied industries in all countries: Eighteenth Ann. Rept., U. S. Geol. Survey, pt. 5, 1896, pp. 51-140.

Geologic folios of the United States Geological Survey which contain sections on iron ores: Nos. 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 28, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 40, 43, 44, 55, 56, 59, 61, 62, 64, 70, 72, 78, 82, 83, 84, 90, 91, 95, 101, 115, 116, 118, 120, 121, 124, 125, 126, 129, 135, 138, 139, 143, 151, 157, and 161.

a Numbers of folios containing important articles on iron ores are printed in italics.

MANGANESE ORES.

By E. C. HARDER.

INTRODUCTION.

The conditions governing the manganese mining industry showed no improvement in 1908 over those of 1907; in fact, fewer mines were in operation during 1908 than in the previous year. Manganese ores were mined in Arkansas, California, South Carolina, and Virginia, but only from Virginia were any shipments reported. Eleven mines were in operation during the year, and of these seven shipped a part or all of their product amounting to 6,144 long tons. The Virginia shipments were nearly all from the Blue Ridge district. With the exception of about 30 tons used in the steel industry, all the ore mined was used for chemical purposes, largely in brick manufacture. The percentage of metallic manganese in the domestic ores produced. in 1908 varied from 40 to 50 per cent.

As in 1907, the imports far exceeded the domestic production and amounted to 178,203 long tons, most of which was used in the manufacture of ferromanganese and spiegeleisen. A considerable quantity of imported ore is used in the manufacture of dry cells, and a small quantity is used for coloring purposes.

In addition to the 6,144 tons of domestic ore shipped, 4,345 tons were mined and remained as stock at the mines at the end of the year. At a few localities, the operations consisted only in doing assessment work.

The mines of the northeastern Tennessee region and of the Cave Spring and Cartersville districts in Georgia were idle, and the latter show no prospect of becoming active for several years to come. manganese ores were shipped in the Western States.

No

Considerable quantities of manganiferous ores were mined in 1908, including manganiferous iron ores and manganiferous silver ores. The former were of low grade, and, except a small production in Virginia, were not utilized for their manganese content. For the most part, they contained less than 6 per cent metallic manganese and simply yielded a high manganese pig iron. The manganiferous iron ores mined in 1908, amounting to 471,480 long tons, were derived from the Lake Superior district and from Arkansas and Virginia. Manganiferous silver ores were mined in the Western States in connection with lead, zinc, and precious metals. A small quantity (15,973 long tons from Leadville) was used in the manufacture of spiegeleisen, and a larger quantity (39,647 long tons) was reported as being used for flux in the copper and silver smelters. Probably a much greater quantity was used for the latter purpose than has been reported. The production of manganiferous zinc residuum from New Jersey zinc ores in 1908 amounted to 110,225 long tons, which is considerably greater than the production during any preceding year.