(7) to coordinate with the Agency for International Development and other aid organizations in supporting effective rural energy programs.

(b) For purposes of this section, the term "renewable resource" means an energy resource which

(c)

(1) meets the needs of rural communities;

(2) saves capital without wasting labor;

(3) is modest in scale and simple to install and maintain and which can be managed by local individuals;

(4) is acceptable and affordable; and

(5) does not damage the environment.
* [Repealed-1982]

* Sec. 602(c) was repealed by Public Law 97-375 (99 Stat. 1821). It previously read: "(c) The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Director of the United States International Development Cooperation Agency, shall report to the Congress not later than six months after the date of enactment of this Act and annually thereafter on the progress toward achieving the goals set forth in this title.".

c. Other Legislation Relating to International Financial

Institutions

(1) International Financial Institutions Act

Partial text of Public Law 95–118 (H.R. 5262], 91 Stat. 1067, approved October 3, 1977; as amended by Public Law 96-259 [S. 662], 94 Stat. 429 at 431, approved June 3, 1980; Public Law 97-35 (H.R. 3982], 95 Stat. 357 at 743 and 745, approved August 13, 1981; Public Law 97-375 [Congressional Reports Elimination Act of 1982; H.R. 6005], 96 Stat. 1819 at 1826, approved December 21, 1982; Public Law 98-181 [Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1984; H.R. 3959], 97 Stat. 1153 at 1286, approved November 30, 1983; Public Law 100-202 [Continuing Appropriations, 1988; H.J. Res. 395], 101 Stat. 1329, approved December 22, 1987; H.R. 4645 as passed by the House on September 28, 1988, and enacted into law by Public Law 100-461 [Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1989; H.R. 4637], 102 Stat. 2268, approved October 1, 1988; Public Law 101-240 [International Development and Finance Act; H.R. 2494], 103 Stat. 2492, approved December 19, 1989; Public Law 101-513 [Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1991; H.R. 5114], 104 Stat. 1979, approved November 5, 1990; and by Public Law 102-511 [FREEDOM Support Act, S. 2532], 106 Stat. 3320, approved October 24, 1992

NOTE.-Except for the provisions noted below, this Act consists of amendments to the Bretton Woods Agreements Act, International Finance Corporation Act, International Development Association Act, Asian Development Bank Act, African Development Fund Act, and the Inter-American Development Bank Act.

AN ACT To provide for increased participation by the United States in the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the International Development Association, the International Finance Corporation, the Asian Development Bank and the Asian Development Fund, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

SHORT TITLE

SECTION 1.1 This Act may be cited as the International Financial Institutions Act.

1 This section was added by sec. 1361(a) of Public Law 97-35 (95 Stat. 745).

TITLE I-PURPOSE AND POLICY; DECLARATION OF CONGRESSIONAL INTENT IN RESPECT TO CONTINUED PARTICIPATION OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT IN INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FOSTERING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES

SEC. 101.2 (a) It is the sense of Congress that

(1) for humanitarian, economic, and political reasons, it is in the national interest of the United States to assist in fostering economic development in the less developed countries of this world;

(2) the development-oriented international financial institutions have proved themselves capable of playing a significant role in assisting economic development by providing to less developed countries access to capital and technical assistance and soliciting from them maximum self-help and mutual cooperation;

(3) this has been achieved with minimal risk of financial loss to contributing countries;

(4) such institutions have proved to be an effective mechanism for sharing the burden among developed countries of stimulating economic development in the less developed world; and

(5) although continued United States participation in the international financial institutions is an important part of efforts by the United States to assist less developed countries, more of this burden should be shared by other developed countries. As a step in that direction, in future negotiations, the United States should work toward aggregate contributions to future replenishments to international financial institutions covered by this Act not to exceed 25 per centum.

(b) The Congress recognizes that economic development is a longterm process needing funding commitments to international financial institutions. It also notes that the availability of funds for the United States contribution to international financial institutions is subject to the appropriations process.

TITLE VII-HUMAN RIGHTS

SEC. 701.3 (a) The United States Government, in connection with its voice and vote in the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the International Development Association, the International Finance Corporation, the Inter-American Development Bank, the African Development Fund, the Asian Development Bank, the African Development Bank, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, and the International Mone

222 U.S.C. 262c.

22 U.S.C. 262d. Section 701 was invoked in sec. 586G(a)(5) of the Iraq Sanctions Act of 1990, as contained in the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1991 (Public Law 101-513; 104 Stat. 1979 at 2052). For text, see page 1046.

tary Fund, shall advance the cause of human rights, including by seeking to channel assistance toward countries other than those whose governments engage in

(1) a 5 pattern of gross violations of internationally recognized human rights, such as torture or cruel, inhumane, or degrading treatment or punishment, prolonged detention without charges, or other flagrant denial to life, liberty, and the security of person; or

(2) provide refuge to individuals committing acts of international terrorism by hijacking aircraft.

(b) Further, the Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct each Executive Director of the above institutions to consider in carrying out his duties:

(1) specific actions by either the executive branch or the Congress as a whole on individual bilateral assistance programs because of human rights considerations;

(2) the extent to which the economic assistance provided by the above institutions directly benefit the needy people in the recipient country;

(3) whether the recipient country has detonated a nuclear device or is not a State Party to the Treaty on Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons or both; and

(4) in relation to assistance for the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, the People's Democratic Republic of Laos, Russia and the other independent states of the former Soviet Union (as defined in section 3 of the Freedom for Russia and Emerging Eurasian Democracies and Open Markets Support Act of 1992), and Democratic Kampuchea (Cambodia), the responsiveness of the governments of such countries in providing a more substantial accounting of Americans missing in action. (c) (1) Not later than 30 days after the end of each calendar quarter, the Secretary of the Treasury shall report quarterly on all loans considered by the Boards of Executive Directors of the institutions listed in subsection (a) to the Chairman and ranking minority member of the Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs of the House of Representatives, or the designees of such

8

• The reference to the African Development Bank was added by sec. 1342(b) of Public Law 9735 (95 Stat. 743). Reference to the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the International Monetary Fund was added by sec. 1008(a) of the FREEDOM Support Act (Public Law 102-511; 106 Stat. 3361).

$ Sec. 1004(1) of Public Law 98-181 (97 Stat. 1286) struck out the word "consistent" which previously appeared at this point.

Sec. 553(a) of the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1993 (Public Law 102-391; 106 Stat. 1674), provided the following:

"OPPOSITION TO Assistance to TERRORIST COUNTRIES BY INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS "SEC. 553. (a) INSTRUCTIONS For United States EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS.-The Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct the United States Executive Director of each international financial institution to vote against any loan or other use of the funds of the respective institution to or for a country for which the Secretary of State has made a determination under section 6(j) of the Export Administration Act of 1979.".

Such language was first enacted as sec. 575 of the Foreign Assistance Appropriations Act, 1988.

Sec. 1008(b) of the FREEDOM Support Act (Public Law 102-511; 106 Stat. 3362) inserted "Russia and the other independent states of the former Soviet Union (as defined in section 3 of the Freedom for Russia and Emerging Eurasian Democracies and Open Markets Support Act of 1992)," after "Laos,".

Sec. 541(c) of the International Development and Finance Act of 1989 (Public Law 101-240; 103 Stat. 2517) amended and restated subsec. (c).

Chairman and ranking minority member, and the Chairman and ranking minority member of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate.

(2) Each report required by paragraph (1) shall—

(A) include a list of all loans considered by the Board of Executive Directors of the institutions listed in subsection (a) and shall specify with respect to each such loan—

(i) the institution involved;
(ii) the date of final action;
(iii) the borrower;

(iv) the amount;

(v) the project or program;

(vi) the vote of the United States Government;

(vii) the reason for United States Government opposition, if any;

(viii) the final disposition of the loan; and

(ix) if the United States Government opposed the loan, whether the loan meets basic human needs;

(B) indicate whether the United States has opposed any loan, financial assistance, or technical assistance to a country on human rights grounds;

(C) indicate whether the United States has voted in favor of a loan, financial assistance, or technical assistance to a country with respect to which the United States had, in the preceding 2 years, opposed a loan, financial assistance, or technical assistance on human rights grounds; and

(D) in cases where the United States changed its voting position from opposition to support or from support to opposition, on human rights grounds—

(i) indicate the policy considerations that were taken into account in the development of the United States voting position;

(ii) describe human rights conditions in the country involved;

(iii) indicate how the United States voted on all other loans, financial assistance, and technical assistance to such country during the preceding 2 years; and

(iv) contain information as to how the United States voting position relates to the overall United States Government policy on human rights in such country.

(d) The United States Government, in connection with its voice and vote in the institutions listed in subsection (a), shall seek to channel assistance to projects which address basic human needs of the people of the recipient country.9

(e) In determining whether a country is in gross violation of internationally recognized human rights standards, as defined by the provisions of subsection (a), the United States Government shall give consideration to the extent of cooperation of such coun

• Sec. 541 of the International Development and Finance Act of 1989 (Public Law 101-240, 103 Stat. 2518) consolidated several reporting requirements into new secs. 1701-1703 and titles XVIII and XIX of the International Financial Institutions Act (beginning at page 220) and repealed duplicative requirements in other legislation. Sec. 541(eX8) repealed the last sentence of this subsec.