Section 5, act May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 12, formerly § 5, 43 Stat. 141, renumbered and amended Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 7, 46 Stat. 1208, related to examination and appointment on probation of officers, and is covered by sections 911 and 912 of this title. Section 6, act May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 12, formerly § 5, 43 Stat. 141, renumbered and amended Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 7, 46 Stat. 1208, related to appointment to a class and not to a particular post, and is covered by section 906 of this title. Section 7, act May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 14, as added Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 7, 46 Stat. 1208, and amended May 3, 1945, ch. 105, § 6, 59 Stat. 103, related to reports and recommendations for promotions, and is covered by section 993 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL Repeal of sections effective three months after Aug. 13, 1946, see note set out under section 801 of this title. § 8. Repealed. Pub. L. 89-554, § 8(a), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 645. Section, act May 24, 1924, ch. 182 § 7, 43 Stat. 141, related to recommissioning diplomatic and consular officers on July 1, 1924. § 9. Repealed. Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title XI, § 1131 (25), 60 Stat. 1037. Section, acts Apr. 5, 1906, ch. 1366, § 4, 34 Stat. 100; May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 17, formerly § 10, 43 Stat. 142, renumbered and amended Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 7, 46 Stat. 1209, related to the inspection of diplomatic and consular offices, and is covered by section 1036 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL Repeal of section effective three months after Aug. 13, 1946, see note set out under section 801 of this title. § 10. Repealed. Pub. L. 89-554, § 8(a), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 645. Section, act May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 14, formerly § 8, 43 Stat. 142, renumbered and amended Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § (714), 46 Stat. 1208, abolished the grade of consular assistant and provided against a reduction of the salaries of certain consuls. §§ 11, 12. Repealed. Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title XI, § 1131 (38, 39), 60 Stat. 1038. Section 11, R. S. §§ 1697, 1698, as amended Dec. 21, 1898, ch. 36, §§ 1, 2, 30 Stat. 770, 771; May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 16, formerly § 9, 43 Stat. 142, renumbered and amended Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, §§ 7, 15, 46 Stat. 1208; May 3, 1945, ch. 105, § 7, 59 Stat. 103, related to bonds of officers, and is covered by section 808 of this title. Section 12, act May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 19, formerly § 12, 43 Stat. 142, renumbered and amended Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, 7, 46 Stat. 1209; May 3, 1945, ch. 105, § 8, 59 Stat. 104, related to living, representation, and post allowances. See section 1131 of this title, and sections 5923, 5924 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL Repeal of sections effective three months after Aug. 13, 1946, see note set out under section 801 of this title. § 13. Fees, accounting; stamps. CODIFICATION Section transferred to section 812 of this title. §§ 14 to 23j Repealed. Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title XI, § 1131 (4, 29, 40-50, 53, 59-63), 60 Stat. 1035. Section 14, act May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 20, formerly § 13, 43 Stat. 143, renumbered and amended Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 7, 46 Stat. 1209, related to private secretaries to ambassadors. Section 15, act May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 21, formerly § 14, 43 Stat. 143, renumbered and amended Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 7, 46 Stat. 1209; May 3, 1945, ch. 105, § 9, 59 Stat. 104, related to assignment of officers for duty in the Department of State or any other department or agency of the Government, and is covered by sections 961-963 of this title. Section 16, act May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 21, formerly § 14, 43 Stat. 143, renumbered and amended Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 7, 46 Stat. 1209; May 3, 1945, ch. 105, § 9, 59 Stat. 104, related to assignment to special details. See sections 961 and 963-965 of this title. Section 17, act May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 22, formerly § 15, 43 Stat. 143, renumbered and amended Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 7, 46 Stat. 1210; Mar. 17, 1941, ch. 20, 55 Stat. 44, related to ordering of personnel to United States on statutory leave, and is covered by section 1148 of this title. Section 17a, act May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 22, as added Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 7, 46 Stat. 1210, related to leave of absence and sick leave. See sections 1148-1150 of this title, and section 6301 et seq. of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. Section 18, acts July 1, 1916, ch. 208, 39 Stat. 252; May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 23, formerly § 16, 43 Stat. 143, renumbered and amended Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 7, 46 Stat. 1210, related to the appointment of a Foreign Service officer as counselor of embassy or legation. Section 19, act May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 24, formerly § 17, 43 Stat. 143, renumbered and amended Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 7, 46 Stat. 1210, related to Foreign Service officers acting as commissioner, chargé d'affaires, etc., and is covered by section 909 of this title. Section 20, R. S. § 1685; act Mar. 2, 1909, ch. 235, 35 Stat. 673; Feb. 5, 1915, ch. 23, § 3, 38 Stat. 805; May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 17 (25), 43 Stat. 143; Feb. 27, 1925, ch. 364, title I, 43 Stat. 1016; Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 7, 46 Stat. 1210, related to compensation of officer acting as chargé d'affaires ad interim, and is covered by section 876 of this title. Section 21, acts May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 26, formerly § 18, 43 Stat. 144; July 3, 1926, ch. 798, § 1, 44 Stat. 902; Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 7, 46 Stat. 1211; Apr. 24, 1939, ch. 84, § 3, 53 Stat. 584; July 19, 1939, ch. 330, 53 Stat. 1067; Aug. 5, 1939, ch. 441, 53 Stat. 1208; Apr. 20, 1940, ch. 118, § 1, 54 Stat. 143; Oct. 14, 1940, ch. 859, § 4, 54 Stat. 1118; May 13, 1941, ch. 115, § 1, 55 Stat. 189, eff. Aug. 1, 1941, related to the retirement and disability system, and is covered by subchapter VIII of chapter 14 of this title. Section 21a, act July 3, 1926, ch. 798, § 2, 44 Stat. 903, related to retirement and disability rights of Chief of Division of Western European Affairs, and is covered by section 1063 of this title. Section 22, act May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 27, formerly § 19, 43 Stat. 146, renumbered and amended Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, 7, 46 Stat. 1213, related to recall to active duty of retired officers, and is covered by section 915 of this title. Section 23, act May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 28, formerly § 20, 43 Stat. 146, renumbered and amended Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 7, 46 Stat. 1213, related to making other laws applicable to Foreign Service officers. Section 23a, acts Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 1, 46 Stat. 1207; May 3, 1945, ch. 105, § 2, 59 Stat. 102, related to the administrative, fiscal, and clerical personnel of the Foreign Service, and is covered by sections 861 and 870 of this title. Section 23b, act Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 2, 46 Stat. 1207, related to appointment to grade of senior clerk, and is covered by section 937 of this title. Section 23c, acts Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 3, 46 Stat. 1207; Apr. 24, 1939, ch. 84, § 1, 53 Stat. 583; May 3, 1945, ch. 105, § 3, 59 Stat. 102, related to allowances at all posts to clerks to meet excessive costs of living. See section 1131 of this title, and sections 5923, 5924 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. Section 23d, act Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 4, 46 Stat. 1207, related to appointment of clerks to serve in a diplomatic mission, and is covered by section 937 of this title. Section 23e, act Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 5, 46 Stat. 1207, related to regulations governing clerks, and is covered by section 886 of this title. Section 23f, act May 24, 1924 ch. 182, § 31, as added Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 7, 46 Stat. 1214, and amended May 3, 1945, ch. 105, § 10, 59 Stat. 105, related to the Board of Foreign Personnel, and is covered by sections 826 and 827 of this title. Section 23g, act May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 31, as added Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 7, 46 Stat. 1214, and amended May 3, 1945, ch. 105, § 10, 59 Stat. 105, related to the Chief of the Division of Foreign Service personnel and the Director of the Office of the Foreign Service, and is covered by section 821 of this title. Section 23h, act May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 32, as added Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 7, 46 Stat. 1214, and amended July 3, 1946, ch. 539, § 5, 60 Stat. 427, related to the Division of Foreign Service Personnel, efficiency ratings, etc., and is covered by sections 826, 827 and subchapter VI of chapter 14 of this title. Section 231, act May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 33, as added Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 7, 46 Stat. 1215, and amended Apr. 24, 1939, ch. 84, § 4, 53 Stat. 588, related to separation of officers from Service, retirement pay, and annuities, and is covered by subchapter VIII of chapter 14 of this title. Section 231, act May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 34, as added Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 7, 46 Stat. 1216, related to reduction of salary upon promotion to a higher grade, and is covered by section 882 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL Repeal of sections effective three months after Aug. 13, 1946, see note set out under section 801 of this title. §§ 23k, 231. Transferred. CODIFICATION Sections 23k and 231 transferred to sections 813 and 814, respectively, of this title. § 24. Repealed. Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title XI, § 1131 (67), 60 Stat. 1040. Section, act May 3, 1945, ch. 105, § 12, 59 Stat. 105, related to restriction on the transaction of business by officers and employees, and is covered by section 805 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL Repeal of section effective three months after Aug. 13, 1946, see note set out under section 801 of this title. S$ 31 to 40. Repealed. Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title XI, § 1131 (2, 3, 5, 6, 15, 19, 27, 28, 30, 31, 52, 55, 57, 58), 60 Stat. 1035. Section 31, act Mar. 2, 1909, ch. 235, 35 Stat. 672, related to the restriction against creation of new ambassadorships, and is covered by section 901 of this title. Section 32, R. S. § 1675; acts Mar. 3, 1875, ch. 153, 18 Stat. 483; Feb. 27, 1925, ch. 364, 43 Stat. 1015; Jan. 21, 1931, ch. 42, 46 Stat. 1040, related to appointment and salaries of ambassadors, ministers, etc., and is covered by subchapters IV and V of chapter 14 of this title. Section 32a, act Jan. 21, 1931, ch. 42, 46 Stat. 1040, related to the salary of minister to Liberia, and is covered by sections 866 and 867 of this title. Section 33, R. S. § 1744, related to citizenship as prerequisite to payment of compensation, and is covered by section 910 of this title. Section 34, act Sept. 29, 1919, ch. 72, 41 Stat. 291, related to the appointment of an ambassador to Belgium, and is covered by section 901 of this title. Section 34a, act Jan. 22, 1930, ch. 22, 46 Stat. 57, related to the appointment of an ambassador to Poland, and is covered by section 901 of this title. Section 34b, act June 5, 1930, ch. 404, 46 Stat. 502, related to the appointment of a minister to the Union of South Africa, and is covered by section 901 of this title. Section 34c, act June 1, 1922, ch. 204, title I, 42 Stat. 600, related to the appointment of a minister to Egypt, and is covered by section 901 of this title. Section 35, acts Feb. 27, 1925, ch. 364, title I. 43 Stat. 1016; Apr. 29, 1926, ch. 195, title I, 44 Stat. 331; Feb. 24, 1927, ch. 189, title I, 44 Stat. 1180; Feb. 15, 1928, ch. 57, title I, 45 Stat. 65; Jan. 25, 1929, ch. 102, title I, 45 Stat. 1096; Apr. 18, 1930, ch. 184, title I, 46 Stat. 175, related to clerks at embassies and legations, and is covered by sections 936-939 of this title. Section 36, R. S. § 1686, related to compensation of persons filling two offices. Section 37, act June 11, 1874, ch. 275, § 1, 18 Stat. 67, related to special allowance to embassy messenger in Paris. Section 38, act Feb. 5, 1915, ch. 23, § 7, 38 Stat. 807, related to the transaction of business by diplomatic offcers, and is covered by section 805 of this title. Section 39, R. S. § 1688, related to the prohibition against uniforms and official costumes, and is covered by section 803 of this title. Section 40, R. S. § 1674; acts Feb. 5, 1915, ch. 23, § 6, 38 Stat. 806; July 1, 1916, ch. 208, 39 Stat. 252; May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 2, 43 Stat. 140, related to the definition of diplomatic offices, and is covered by section 802 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL Repeal of sections effective three months after Aug. 13, 1946, see note set out under section 801 of this title. § 41. Ambassador or minister unable to serve because of emergent conditions abroad; appointment as Foreign Service officer; compensation. CODIFICATION Section transferred to note set out under section 901 of this title. §§ 51, 51a. Repealed. Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title XI, § 1131 (2, 7), 60 Stat. 1035. Section 51, R. S. § 1674; act Feb. 5, 1915, ch. 23, § 6, 38 Stat. 806, related to the official designations in the consular service. Section 51a, R. S. § 1695; acts Apr. 5, 1906, ch. 1366, § 3, 34 Stat. 100; Feb. 5, 1915, ch. 23, § 6, 38 Stat. 806, related to the appointment of vice-consuls and consular agents, and is covered by sections 938 and 951 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL Repeal of sections effective three months after Aug. 13, 1946, see note set out under section 801 of this title. § 52. Abolition of certain consular offices. CODIFICATION Section, act Feb. 5, 1915, ch. 23, § 6, 38 Stat. 806, abolished offices of vice consul general, deputy consul general, and deputy consul, and is omitted as executed. § 53. General application of provisions to consular officers. CODIFICATION Section transferred to section 1171 of this title. § 54. Commercial agents abolished. CODIFICATION Section, act Apr. 5, 1906, ch. 1366, § 3, 34 Stat. 100, abolished grade of commercial agent, and is omitted as executed. §§ 55, 56. Repealed. Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title XI, § 1131 (7, 51), 60 Stat. 1036. Section 55, R. S. § 1695, related to the limits of consulates, and is covered by section 908 of this title. Section 56, acts Feb. 27, 1925, ch. 364, 43 Stat. 1017; Apr. 29, 1926, ch. 195, title I, 44 Stat. 333; Feb. 24, 1927, ch. 189, title I, 44 Stat. 1182, related to the appointment of consular clerks, and is covered by section 936 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL Repeal of sections effective three months after Aug. 13, 1946, see note set out under section 801 of this title. § 57. Repealed. Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 6, 46 Stat. 1207, eff. July 1, 1931. Section, act Apr. 5, 1906, ch. 1366, § 5, 34 Stat. 101, related to citizenship requirements of consular clerks. § 58. Repealed. Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title XI, § 1131 (8), 60 Stat. 1036. Section, R. S. § 1696, related to expenses of vice consulate or consular agency. EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL Repeal of section effective three months after Aug. 13, 1946, see note set out under section 801 of this title. § 71. Repealed. Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title XI, § 1131 (11), 60 Stat. 1036. Section, R. S. § 1714, related to construction of powers and duties of consular officers. EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL Repeal of section effective three months after Aug. 13, 1946, see note set out under section 801 of this title. $$ 72 to 79. Transferred CODIFICATION Sections 72 to 79 transferred to sections 1172 to 1179, respectively, of this title. §§ 80 to 82. Repealed. Aug. 13, 1946, ch 957, title XI, § 1131 (9, 10, 22), 60 Stat. 1036. Section 80, R. S. § 1712; acts June 18, 1888, ch. 393, 25 Stat. 186; Feb. 9, 1889, ch. 122, §§ 1, 4, 25 Stat. 659; July 14, 1890, ch. 707, 26 Stat. 288; Apr. 5, 1906, ch. 1366, § 3, 34 Stat. 100, related to commercial and agricultural reports. Section 81, acts Jan. 27, 1879, ch. 28, § 1, 20 Stat. 273; Apr. 5, 1906, ch. 1366, § 3, 34 Stat. 100, related to reports on exports, imports, and wages. Section 82, R. S. § 1713; acts June 18, 1888, ch. 393, 25 Stat. 186; Feb. 9, 1889, ch. 122, §§ 1, 4, 25 Stat. 659, related to reports on current prices of merchandise, etc. EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL Repeal of sections effective three months after Aug. 13, 1946, see note set out under section 801 of this title. §§ 83 to 98. Transferred CODIFICATION Sections 83 to 98 transferred to sections 1180 to 1195, respectively, of this title. § 99. General duty to account for fees. All fees, official or unofficial, received by any officer in the Consular Service for services rendered in connection with the duties of his office or as a consular officer, including fees for notarial services, and fees for taking depositions, executing commissions or letters rogatory, settling estates, receiving or paying out moneys, caring for or disposing of property, shall be accounted for and paid into the Treasury of the United States, and the sole and only compensation of such officers shall be by salaries fixed by law. (Apr. 5, 1906, ch. 1366, § 8, 34 Stat. 101; Feb. 5, 1915, ch. 23, §§ 3, 6, 38 Stat. 805, 806; May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 11, 43 Stat. 142; Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title XI, § 1131 (26), 60 Stat. 1037.) AMENDMENTS 1946-Act Aug. 13, 1946, repealed clause providing "but this shall not apply to consular agents, who shall be paid one-half of the fees received in their offices, up to a maximum sum of one thousand dollars in any one year, the other half being accounted for and paid into the Treasury of the United States." EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1946 AMENDMENT Amendment of section by act Aug. 13, 1946, effective three months after Aug. 13, 1946, see note under section 801 of this title. CROSS REFERENCES Account of fees and certification, see section 1194 of this title. Estates of decedents generally, see section 1175 of this title. Powers, duties, and liabilities of consuls, generally, see section 1171 et seq. of this title. S$ 100 to 104. Transferred. CODIFICATION Sections 100 to 104 transferred to sections 1196 to 1200, respectively, of this title. Section 1196 was subsequently repealed. § 105. Repealed. Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title XI, § 1131 (12), 60 Stat. 1036. Section, R. S. § 1738, related to the restriction of diplomatic functions by consular officers. EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL Repeal of section effective three months after Aug. 13, 1946, see note set out under section 801 of this title. §§ 106 to 108. Repealed. May 3, 1945, ch. 105, § 11, 59 Stat. 105. Section 106, R. S. § 1699; act Apr. 5, 1906, ch. 1366, § 6, 34 Stat. 101, related to restriction of transaction of private business by consular officer. Section 107, R. S. § 1700; act Apr. 5, 1906, ch. 1366, § 6, 34 Stat. 101, related to extension of restriction as to transaction of business. Section 108, R. S. § 1701; act Apr. 5, 1906, ch. 1366, § 3, 34 Stat. 100, related to penalty for violation of restriction and action on bond. § 109. Repealed. Pub. L. 89-554, § 8(a), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 632, 640. Section, R.S. § 1706; act Apr. 5, 1906, ch. 1366, § 3, 34 Stat. 100, related to allowance for office rent of consulates. §§ 121, 122. Repealed. Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title XI, § 1131 (13, 20), 60 Stat. 1036. Section 121, R. S. § 1740; acts Apr. 5, 1906, ch. 1366, § 3, 34 Stat. 100; Feb. 5, 1915, ch. 23, § 6, 38 Stat. 806; Feb. 27, 1925, ch. 364, 43 Stat. 1017, related to commencement of salary of officers, and is covered by sections 881 and 882 of this title. Section 122, act June 11, 1874, ch. 275, § 4, 18 Stat. 70, related to the fixing of travel time allowances. EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL Repeal of sections effective three months after Aug. 13, 1946, see note set out under section 801 of this title. § 123. Repealed. Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 22, 46 Stat. 1210, eff. July 1, 1931. Section, R. 8. § 1742, related to salary during absence. S$ 124 to 126. Repealed. Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title XI, § 1131 (14, 21), 60 Stat. 1036. Section 124, R. S. § 1741; acts June 17, 1874, ch. 294, 18 Stat. 77; Apr. 5, 1906, ch. 1366, § 3, 34 Stat. 100, related to absence without leave, and is covered by section 882 of this title. Section 125, R. S. § 1743, related to extra compensation, and is covered by subchapter IV of chapter 14 of this title. Section 126, R. S. § 1751; act June 17, 1874, ch. 294, 18 Stat. 77, related to private correspondence on affairs of foreign governments, and is covered by section 806 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL Repeal of sections effective three months after Aug. 13, 1946, see note set out under section 801 of this title. SS 127, 128. Transferred. CODIFICATION Sections 127, 128 transferred to sections 1201 and 1202, respectively, of this title. S$ 129 to 130b. Repealed Aug 13, 1946, ch 957, title XI, Section 130, R. S. 1749, related to allowances of widows, and is covered by section 1082 of this title. Section 130a, acts Apr. 27, 1938, ch. 180, title I, § 1, 52 Stat. 250; June 29, 1939, ch. 248, title I, § 1, 53 Stat. 887; May 14, 1940, ch. 189, title I, § 1, 54 Stat. 183; June 28, 1941, ch. 258, title I, § 1, 55 Stat. 268; July 2, 1942, ch. 472, title I, § 1, 56 Stat. 471; July 1, 1943, ch. 182, title I, § 1, 57 Stat. 273; June 28, 1944, ch. 294, title I, § 1, 58 Stat. 398; May 21, 1945, ch. 129, title I, § 1, 59 Stat. 172; July 5, 1946, ch. 541. title I, § 1, 60 Stat. 449, related to the expenses of bringing home remains of personnel dying abroad, and is covered by section 1136 of this title. Section 130b, acts Apr. 27, 1938, ch. 180, title I, § 1, 52 Stat. 250; June 29, 1939, ch. 248, title I, § 1, 53 Stat. 887; May 14, 1940, ch. 189, title I, § 1, 54 Stat. 183; June 28, 1941, ch. 258, title I, § 1, 55 Stat. 267; July 2, 1942, ch. 472, title I, § 1, 56 Stat. 470; July 1, 1943, ch. 182, title I, § 1, 57 Stat. 273; June 28, 1944, ch. 294, title I, § 1, 58 Stat. 398; May 21, 1945, ch. 129, title I, § 1, 59 Stat. 171; July 5, 1946, ch. 541, title I, § 1, 60 Stat. 449, related to expenses of transporting personnel, families, and their effects to and from posts, and is covered by sections 1136 and 1138 of this title. 146. 147. 148. Rules and regulations for consular court generally. Assent or dissent of consuls to, and publication of, rules, etc. Transmission of rules, etc., to Secretary of State. 149. Warrant, arrest, trial, and sentence by consul generally. 150. Jurisdiction of consul in criminal cases when sitting alone; when decision final. 151. Jurisdiction of consul in criminal cases when sitting alone; when appeal to minister lies. 152. Calling in associates in criminal cases; reference to minister on disagreement. 153. Jurisdiction of consuls in civil cases; finality; associates in civil cases; reference to minister on disagreement. 154. Evidence; how taken. 155. Punishment generally; contempt. 156. Capital offenses; requisites for convictions; convic tion of lesser offense. 157. Punishment for contempt of court. 158. Execution of criminals; pardons. 170. Bond of marshal. 171. 172. 173. 175. Sult on bond of marshal. Necessity for production of original bond. Service of process, etc., in suit on bond of marshal. 174. Expenses of prisons in foreign countries. Allowance for keeping and feeding prisoners. Secretary of State to exercise judicial duties when no minister. 176. 177. General extension to unnamed countries. 178. 179. 180. 181. 182. "Minister" and "consul" defined. Responsibility as judicial officers. Power of consuls in uncivilized countries or countries not recognized by treaties. Applicability of other laws to Turkey. Suspension by President of consular courts in Turkey and in Egypt. 183. Extension of other laws to Persia; suits between American citizens and subjects of Persia and other countries. § 141. Judicial authority generally. To carry into full effect the provisions of the treaties of the United States with certain foreign countries, the ministers and consuls of the United States in China, Siam, Turkey, Morocco, Muscat, Abyssinia, Persia, and the territories formerly a part of the former Ottoman Empire including Egypt, duly appointed to reside therein, shall, in addition to other powers and duties imposed upon them, respectively, by the provisions of such treaties, respectively, be invested with judicial authority described in sections 141 to 143, 145 to 159, 163 to 174, 176 to 181 183, 211, 212, 218, 219, 251 to 255, 256 to 258, and 1172 of this title, sections 701 to 704 of Title 28, and sections 21 to 24 of Title 50, which shall appertain to the office of minister and consul, and be a part of the duties belonging thereto, wherein, and so far as, the same is allowed by treaty, and in accordance with the usages of the countries in their intercourse with the Franks or other foreign Christian nations. (R. S. §§ 4083, 4125, 4126, 4127; June 14, 1878, ch. 193, 20 Stat. 131.) REPEALS Section repealed by Joint Res. Aug. 1, 1956, ch. 807, 70 Stat. 774, to become effective upon date which President determines to be appropriate for relinquishment of consular jurisdiction of United States in Morocco, excepting so far as may be necessary disposition of cases then pending in the consular courts in Morocco. DERIVATION R. S. 4083 was from acts June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 1, 12 Stat. 72; July 28, 1866, ch. 296, § 11, 14 Stat. 322; July 1, 1870, ch. 194, § 1, 16 Stat. 183. R. S. §§ 4125-4127 were from act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, §§ 21, 28, 29, 12 Stat. 76, 78. REFERENCES IN TEXT Section 211 of this title, referred to in the text, was repealed by act July 3, 1926, ch. 772, § 4, 44 Stat. 887, and is covered by section 211a of this title. Section 219 of this title, referred to in the text, was repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and is covered by section 1541 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure. Sections 251 and 255 of this title, included within the reference to sections 251 to 255 of this title, were repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and are covered by sections 112 and 1545 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure. Sections 701 to 704 of Title 28, referred to in the text, were repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 646, § 39, 62 Stat. 992, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and are covered by sections 1782 and 1785 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure. CHANGE OF NAME OF COUNTRIES Siam is now known as Thailand, Abyssinia as Ethiopia and Persia as Iran. CROSS REFERENCES Provisions of sections 141 to 143, 145 to 159, 163 to 174, 176 to 181, 183, 211, 212, 218, 219, 251 to 255, 256 to 258, and 1172 of this title, sections 1782 and 1785 of Title 28, and sections 21 to 24 of Title 50 extended to any country of like character with which the United States may enter into treaty relations, see section 177 of this title. SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS This section is referred to in sections 142, 149, 153, 155, 156, 158, 161, 163, 165, 166, 167, 173, 174, 176, 177, 178, 181, 182, 183 of this title. § 142. General jurisdiction in criminal cases. The officers mentioned in section 141 of this title are fully empowered to arraign and try, in the manner provided in sections 141 to 143, 145 to 159, 163 to 174, 176 to 181, 183, 211, 212, 218, 219, 251 to 255, 256 to 258, and 1172 of this title, sections 701 to 704 of Title 28, and sections 21 to 24 of Title 50, all citizens of the United States charged with offenses against law, committed in such countries, respectively, and to sentence such offenders in the manner in said sections authorized; and each of them is authorized to issue all such processes as are suitable and necessary to carry this authority into execution. (R. S. § 4084.) REPEALS Section repealed by Joint Res. Aug. 1, 1956, ch. 807, 70 Stat. 774, to become effective upon date which President determines to be appropriate for relinquishment of consular jurisdiction of United States in Morocco, excepting so far as may be necessary disposition of cases then pending in the consular courts in Morocco. DERIVATION Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 2, 12 Stat. 72. REFERENCES IN TEXT Section 211 of this title, referred to in the text, was repealed by act July 3, 1926, ch. 772, § 4, 44 Stat. 887, and is covered by section 211a of this title. Section 219 of this title, referred to in the text, was repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and is covered by section 1541 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure. Sections 251 and 255 of this title, included within the reference to sections 251 to 255 of this title, were repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and are covered by sections 112 and 1545 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure. Sections 701 to 704 of Title 28, referred to in the text, were repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 646, § 39, 62 Stat. 992, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and are covered by sections 1782 and 1785 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure. SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS This section is referred to in sections 141, 149, 155, 165, 176, 177, 178, 181, 182, 183 of this title. § 143. General jurisdiction in civil cases; venue. Such officers are also invested with all the judicial authority necessary to execute the provisions of such treaties, respectively, in regard to civil rights, whether of property or person; and they shall entertain jurisdiction in matters of contract, at the port where, or nearest to which, the contract was made, or at the port at which, or nearest to which, it was to be executed, and in all other matters, at the port where, or nearest to which, the cause of controversy arose, or at the port where, or nearest to which, the damage complained of was sustained, provided such port be one of the ports at which the United States are represented by consuls. Such jurisdiction shall embrace all controversies between citizens of the United States, or others, provided for by such treaties, respectively. (R. S. § 4085.) REPEALS Section repealed by Joint Res. Aug. 1, 1956, ch. 807, 70 Stat. 774, to become effective upon date which President determines to be appropriate for relinquishment of consular jurisdiction of United States in Morocco, excepting so far as may be necessary disposition of cases then pending in the consular courts in Morocco. DERIVATION Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 3, 12 Stat. 73. SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS This section is referred to in sections 141, 142, 149, 155, 165, 176, 177, 178, 181, 182, 183 of this title. § 144. Vice consul at Shanghai to exercise judicial functions of consul general. CODIFICATION Section, acts Mar. 2, 1909, ch. 235, 35 Stat. 679; Mar. 4, 1915, ch. 145, 38 Stat. 1122, was formerly set out as section 197c of this title, and was rendered obsolete by act June 4, 1920, ch. 223, 41 Stat. 746, formerly classified to section 198 of this title. § 145. System of laws to be applied. Jurisdiction in both criminal and civil matters shall, in all cases, be exercised and enforced in conformity with the laws of the United States, which are, so far as is necessary to execute such treaties, respectively, and so far as they are suitable to carry the same into effect, extended over all citizens of the United States in those countries, and over all others to the extent that the terms of the treaties, respectively, justify or require. But in all cases where such laws are not adapted to the object, or are deficient in the provisions necessary to furnish suitable remedies, the common law and the law of equity and admiralty shall be extended in like manner over such citizens and others in those countries; and if neither the common law, nor the law of equity or admiralty, nor the statutes of the United States, furnish appropriate and sufficient remedies, the ministers in those countries, respectively, shall, by decrees and regulations which shall have the force of law, supply such defects and deficiencies. (R. S. § 4086.) REPEALS Section repealed by Joint Res. Aug. 1, 1956, ch. 807, 70 Stat. 774, to become effective upon date which President determines to be appropriate for relinquishment of consular jurisdiction of United States in Morocco, excepting so far as may be necessary disposition of cases then pending in the consular courts in Morocco. DERIVATION Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 4, 12 Stat. 73. SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS This section is referred to in sections 141, 142, 149, 155, 165, 176, 177, 178, 180, 181, 182, 183 of this title. |