ments, 73, 78; church policy, 79; Fenians, 451 death, 80
Edward II., weakness of, 80: quarrels with nobles, 82; defeated by Scotch, 82; dethroned and mur- dered, 83
Edward III., claim on French throne, 85; his victories, 86, 87; death, 92
Edward IV., claim of, 117; popular- ity, 121; deposition, 122; restored, 123; his forced loans, 122; death,124 Edward V., 125; murder of, 128 Edward VI., 156; death, 160 Egbert, 18
Egypt offered to England, 427 Elfheah, 27
Eliot, Sir John, 218
Elizabeth, Queen, imprisoned, 163; accession, 165; church policy, 166; interference in Scotland, 167; rebellion against, 169; prosperity under, 169; helps the Dutch, 178; conspiracy against, 180; financial system, 191; death, 192 Elizabeth, Princess, 199; becomes Princess Palatine, 307 Elphinstone, General, 418 England [see Britain], its division, 10, 20; union, 18, 24; projected in- vasion of, 364, 366
English, the [see Angles, etc.], their government, 11; religion, 12; con- version, 14; inferiority to Nor- mans, 31
Essex, Earl of, 189, 190 Ethelred, 26
Evesham, battle of, 70 Excise bill, 307 Exclusion bill, 261 Exhibition of 1851, 424
FAIRFAX, Lord, 235, 237 Falkirk, battle of, 313 Falkland, Lord, 233 Fawkes, Guy, 200
Feudal system, 30; under William I., 38
Fitzgerald, “Flogging," 360 Fitzwilliam, Lord, 357
Five Members, arrest of the, 230 Flanders, importance of,to England
Flax culture in Ireland, 224 Flogging, domestic, 145; in navy, 35% Foreign policy, liberal, 393 Forest, Friar, 151
Fotheringay, Mary Stuart at, 185 Fox, Charles James, leader of the Whigs, 336; hatred of George III. for, 365; final success and death, 368
France, dominions of English kings in, 55, 89; loss of, 92; renewal of struggle for, 107; war with, 294; struggle in America, 317; aid of, to American colonies, 334; revolution in, 347; war in consequence of, 349; Syrian difficulty, 415; com- mercial treaties with, 339, 446; Ital- ian war, 414; German war, 454 Francis I., 138
Frederick, Prince Palatine, 207 Frederick II., 320
Free trade, 394; advantages of, 339 416
French revolution, 347; effect ir England, 350
Frobisher, Martin, 175
GARIBALDI, 445 Gascoigne, 106
Gascony, 84
Gaveston, Piers, 81
George I., reign of, 303-307 George II., reign of, 307–326 George III., his struggle against par- liamentary dictation, 327, 337; in- sanity of, 341, 379; popularity, 342; prevents Catholic emancipation, 357, 369; death, 391
George IV., character, 342, 379; | Henry III., 64-70; bad character, 66;
Gibraltar, capture of, 279; defence of, 337
Gladstone, Mr., improves taxation, 446; disestablishes Irish Church, 452; fall, 455
Glasgow, church parliament at, 223 Glass, use of, 170
Glencoe, massacre of, 280
Glendower, Owen, 104
Gloucester, Dukes of, 100, 126 Goderich, Lord, ministry of, 398 Godfrey, Sir E. B., 260 Godfrey of Bouillon, 56 Godwin, Earl, 32
Gold, search for, 175, 205 "Good Pennyworths," 153 Goods, English, excluded from Con- tinent, 369
"Grand Remonstrance," the, 229 "Great Commoner," the, 318 Great Mogul, the, 436
Greece, independence of, 398 Greenwich Hospital, 288 Grenville, Lord, 366 Grenville, George, 327 Grenville, Sir Richard, 187
Grey, Lady Jane, 160, 161 Guerillas, 380
Gunpowder Plot, 198
HALIFAX, Lord, 261
Hampden, John, 222; death, 233
Hampton Court, conference of, 196; Charles I. at, 235
Harfleur, 107
Hargraves, 344 Harley, 301
Harold, 33
Hastings, [see Senlac], Lord, 126 Havelock, 440
Hawke, Admiral, 321
Henrietta Maria, 212, 255
Henry I., reign, 43, 44
Henry II., reforms of, 48; temper, 52; foreign dominions, 54
favoritism, 67; subservience to the popes, 67
Henry IV., Bolingbroke, 101-105; his claims, 101; rules by a parliament- ary title, 103
Henry V., 105, 106; war with France, 106
Henry VI., 111-117; crowned king of France, 111; bad government, 115; deposed, 117; restored, 122; death, 123
Henry VII., 130-136; shrewdness an thrift, 130, 131, 131; protects th people, 135; increases royal power, 136
Henry VIII., 136-156; his wars on the Continent, 138; quarrels with the Pope, 142; his divorce, 144; his tyranny not unpopular, 145, 15% church policy, 153
Henry VI., the Emperor, 57 Herbert, Sidney, 432
Heretics [see Lollards], 103
High Commission court, 220
Highlanders, insurrection of, 281, 311
Hill, Sir Rowland, 411
Holmby House, Charles I. at, 235
Hotspur, Sir Harry, 105
Howard, Catherine, 156
Howard of Effingham, Lord, 182, 189
Howe, Lord, 353 Hudson's Bay, 175
Hundred Years' war, 83 Huskisson, reforms of, 394 Hyde Park, meeting at, 450
IMAGES, destruction of, 150, 157 Impositions, 202
Inclosures, 139, 159
Independents, 233
India, routes to, 175; conquest of 322; mutiny, 435-441
Inkermann, battle of, 430 Innocent III., 60
Interdict laid on England, 60 Iona, missionaries of, 16
Ireland, conquest of, 54, 190; trou- | LABORERS [see Peasants], miserable bles in, 201, 356, 451; rebellions, 228, condition of, 410; improvement in, 238, 282, 358; cruelty in suppres-
sion of, 358; government, 284; Pro-Laborers, Statute of, 91 testant ascendency, 284, 356; par- liamentary independence, 357; its rejection of liberal propositions, 357; the union, 360; famine, 421; church disestablished, 452; land act, 453
La Hogue, battle of, 287 Lancaster, House of, 101 Lands, division among Normans, 37; taxation, 40 Langton, Stephen, 60 La Rochelle, relief of, 216
Italy, Bonaparte in 364; war in, Latimer, supports Henry VIII.'s
church policy, 151; preaches against the nobles, 160, burned, 164
JACOBITES, the, 290; risings of, 304, Laud, William, his church policy,
310 James I., his ancestry, 195; trouble Lauderdale, minister of Charles II., with Puritans, 196; with the Commons, 198, 202, 208;- with the Catholics, 199; favoritism, 203; ef- forts to get money, 202, 204; war in the Palatinate, 207, 210, 212; death, 213
Lawlessness, mediæval, 118 Lawrence, Sir Henry, 440 Lawrence, Sir John, 437 Laws [see Criminal law, Punish- ment], early, 13; of Alfred, 23 Learning, revival of, 138 Leicester, Earl of, 178 Leipzig, battle of, 384 Lewes, battle of, 69 Lewis, Prince, 64
Lewis XIV., influence over Charles II., 255, 259; opposed by William III., 287, 289, 294; recognizes "James III.," 294 Lewis XVI., 347, 348 Lewis XVIII., 384 Liberals, party name, 406 Limerick, capture of, 284 Limoges, siege of, 88 Lincoln, Abraham, 447 Liveries, 118, 133
London, fire of, 251; charter for- feited, 265
London, Tower of, 38, 127 Londonderry, siege of, 282
Long Parliament, 226; corruption of, 239; disruption of, 240
Lords, House of, origin, 78; under Cromwell, 242
Lundy, governor of Londonderry,
McNaughton, Sir William, 417 Madras, 323
Magdalen, Fellows of, 273
Magellen, Straits of, 172
Magenta, battle of, 444
Magna Carta, 62 Mahometans, 56 Maid of Norway, 74 Malplaquet, battle of, 299
Malta, 355, 364
Mamelukes, 355
Manchester massacre, 390 Mansfield, 212
Marlborough, Duke of, 296, 299, 300 Marlborough, Duchess of, 296, 301 Marston Moor, battle of, 233 Martyrs, Catholic, 145, 151; Protes- tant, 163
Mary I., restores Catholicism, 161; marries Philip II., 162; death, 164 Mary II., married to Prince of Or- ange, 259; crown settled on, 278; death, 287
Mary Stuart, married to French prince, 157; rivalry with Elizabeth, 167; her claims, 168; plots in favor of, 169, 177; death, 180 Mars, last celebration of, 169 Massena, Marshal, 379 Matilda, 45
Medway, Dutch fleet in the, 254 Meerut, 436
Mehemet Ali, 415
Melbourne, Lord, 407, 409 Menteith, 78
"Merry Monarch," 244
Middle Class, oppression of, 119 Militia, 230
Minorca, loss of, 317 Missionaries, 16, 176
Monasteries, suppression of, 148, 158
Monk, George, 243
Monks, origin of the, 17; character, 26
Monmouth, Duke of, 262, 268
Monopolies, granted to favorites, 191, 208
Montcalm, 320
Montfort, Simon de, 68, 70
Moore, Sir John, 374
More, Sir Thomas, 140, 145
Mountjoy, Lord, 190
Murder, punishment for, 12
NAMES of places, Roman, 5; Danish, 20
Namur, siege of, 289
Nana Sahib, 439
Naples, kingdom of, 445
Napoleon III., 425; attempt to kill, 442; distrust of, 444 Naseby, battle of, 235 Navy, started by Alfred, 22; revived by Charles I., 221; mutinies in, 353, 354
Nelson, Lord, 352, 361, 367 Netherlands [see Dutch, Flanders], struggle in, 171, 178 Newburn, battle of, 225 Newcastle, Duke of, 310, 317 New England, settlement of, 316 New Forest. devastation of, 39 "New Model," the, 235
New York, occupation of, 333 Nicholas, the Emperor, 426 Nightingale, Florence, 432 Nile, battle of the, 356
Nobles, oppression by, 46, 160; cease to give military service, 48; gov- ernment by, 68; retainers, 119; sub- jection to crown, 131, 133 Nore, mutiny at the, 354 Norfolk, Duke of, 100, 169 Norfolk, insurrection in, 158
Normandy separated from England, | Paston family, 119, 145
41; reunited, 44; becomes French, 58 Normans, the, 29; in England, 32; conquest by, 33; estates, 37; union with English, 49
North of England, politics, 346, 389 North, Lord, 330 Northmen, 19
Northumberland, Earl of, 130 -, Duke of, 159
-, Kingdom of, 10
Norwegians, invasion by, 33 Nottingham, 231
OATES, TITUS, 260
Occasional Conformity, 295, 302 O'Connell, Daniel, 394, 399 O'Connor, Feargus, 423
Offices, votes gained by distribution of, 327
Ohio River, 316
Orange, Prince of, 178
Orange, Prince of, 259; invitation to, 276 [see William III.] Ordeal, 13
Orinoco, expedition to, 205 Orleans, relief of, 112 Oudenarde, battle of, 299 Oudh, 437
Outram, Sir James, 440 Oxford, provisions of, 68
PALATINATE, war in the, 207, 209 Palmerston, Lord, foreign policy, 414; prime minister, 433-442; sec- ond ministry, 443-449 Pandulph, 61
Parliament [see Commons, Lords], beginning of, 68, 69; division into two houses, 78; Scotch representa- tives, 78; indifference to popular welfare, 122
Parma, Duke of, 181, 184 Parr, Catherine, 156
Peasants, oppression of the, 31, 91; rebellions, 95, 115
Peel, Sir Robert, reforms crimina) law, 393; home secretary, 393, 398; against Catholic emancipation, 395; prime minister, 407; favors free trade, 416; defeated by Pro- tectionists, 422; death, 425 Pelham, Henry, 310, 315 Pembroke, Earl of, 65
Peninsular war, origin, 371: difficul- ties of British, 374, 375; causes of French failure, 377 Pepper seizure, 225
Perceval, Mr., 369, 377, 388 Percy family, 104
Persecution [see Catholics, Martyrs, etc.], 104; under Henry VIII., 144, 151; under Mary, 163, suspended under Charles II., 256 Peter the Hermit, 56 Petition and Advice, 242 Petition of Right, 216 Pevensey, 9
Philip II. of France, 61 Philip VI. of France, 87
Philip II. of Spain, marries Mary, 162; persecution of Protestants,
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