OF THE

REPUBLIC

OF THE

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

AS TRACED IN THE WRITINGS OF

ALEXANDER HAMILTON

AND

OF HIS COTEMPORARIES.

BY

JOHN C. HAMILTON.

VOLUME III.

Neque enim est ulla res, in qua propius ad Deorum numen virtus accedat bumana
quam civitates aut condere novas, aut conservare jam conditas."—Cic. de Repub.

E

178 •1122 1868

v.3

Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1859, by

JOHN C. HAMILTON,

In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York.

CONTENTS OF VOLUME III.

CHAPTER XXXVII.

Rejoicings in France, at the treaty of peace-Procession-Discontents of

England-Parliamentary Reform-Hamilton returns to New York-

McHenry and Jay to Hamilton-Hamilton at the bar-Argument on

the treaty-Decision-Legislative violence.

CHAPTER XXXVIII.

Popular violence-Confiscations-Hamilton interposes-Writes "Phocion"

-Replies-Second "Phocion "--Hamilton and Ledyard-Land bank

-Hamilton plans bank of New York-Manumission Society—La

Fayette.

1

23

CHAPTER XXXIX.

Negotiations at Paris-Instructions as to a commercial treaty-Despatch
of Adams-Plan of treaty-Pitt and Fox advocates of a liberal com-
mercial policy-British regulations-Congress meet-Jefferson; his
birth, education, member of "Burgesses," clected to Congress, averse
to independence, withdraws from Congress, returns, draws Declaration
of Independence, declines a re-election, resigns and hastens from Phil-
adelphia-Again, in Burgesses, a reviser of the laws, elected Gover-
nor, his delinquency, resigns, admits his disgrace, and condemnation,
elected to Congress-Audience of Washington, his letter to Steuben,
his resignation of command, at Annapolis, retires to Mount Vernon-
Report on Finances-Jefferson's plan of government of Western Terri-
tory-Jefferson's report on foreign relations, proposed as commissioner
to treat, objected to, appointed-Resolution by Massachusetts-Report

on foreign relations discussed-Treaty discussed-Garrison of frontier

posts-Congress again, in session-Courts on territorial controversies

organized-Indians-Site of a Federal City-Ordinance as to Western

Territory-Fiscal policy.

CHAPTER XL.

Jefferson at Paris-Commission-Negotiations with France-Jefferson's

advice as to French debt-Reproved by Congress-Arrêts of France-

Consular convention, objected to-Spain-Mississippi-Plan of treaty

of commerce with Spain-Jay's report-Madison proposes Jefferson's

special mission to Spain-Defeated-Hamilton asserts right of free

navigation of Mississippi-British policy-Mission of Adams-His

views, discontent, and return-Dissatisfaction with him of Congress

-Jefferson's commercial views-Hamilton on the policy of America.

CHAPTER XLI.

Internal affairs of United States-Attack on Cincinnati-Hamilton re-

commends abolition of its hereditary principle-British proclamations

-Retaliations by States-Massachusetts-Hancock-Bowdoin, Gover-

nor, recommends enlargement of power of Congress- His correspond-

ence-His letter to Congress-Reply of Delegates-Answer of Bow-

doin-Proposed convention defeated.

CHAPTER XLII.

Policy of New Hampshire and Rhode Island-New York-Schuyler-In-

surrections in New Hampshire and Massachusetts-Pact between Vir-

ginia and Maryland-Virginia proposes a commercial convention-

Annapolis convention-Address calling a general political convention,

by Hamilton.

51

87

. 121

147

CHAPTER XLIII.

National Impost-Report of Congress-Memorial by Hamilton-Policy

of New York-Clinton-Report by Congress-Hamilton in Legisla-

ture of New York-Prepares address-Speech on it-His speech on

acts repealing laws inconsistent with Treaty of 1783.

CHAPTER XLIV.

Hamilton on election law-Vote by ballot-Against Test oaths, Legisla-
tive restrictions and discriminations-On Tax law-His policy as to

168

the poor-Law diminishing expense of collecting small debts-Dis-

tribution of personal property--Bankrupt act-Criminal Jurispru-

dence-System of public instruction-Plan of a University, colleges,

and public schools-His speech on the Impost-Impost defeated-

New Hampshire grants--Hamilton's speech on Independence of Ver-

mont-Recognized.

200

CHAPTER XLV.

Congress meet-Proceedings in States as to General Convention-Hamil-

ton urges Congress to recommend it-His resolution, that New York

appoint delegates-Appointed a delegate--Declines a re-election to the

Legislature-Appointments of delegates by the States-Proposed

American confederacies-Opinions of Jay-Knox-Madison s state-

ment and misstatement-Madison's opinions as to new Government-

Jefferson's-Edmund Randolph's-Madison for right of coercion on

States-Hamilton's progressive opinions, and acts-Federal convention

meets-Washington presides—Its rules--Secrecy enjoined---Resolutions

of Randolph and of Charles Pinckney-Debates on-Constitution of

Legislative department-Executive department-Madison and Ran-

dolph in favor of a plural executive-Hamilton and Wilson for a sin-

gle executive-- Council of revision--National judiciary-New States--

Madison, Hamilton, and Wilson as to constitution of National Legis-

lature-New Jersey plan submitted-Its features-Comparison of

several plans before the convention-Comparison of Madison's and

Hamilton's views as to the government, its structure and powers.

CHAPTER XLVI.

Impolicy and imperfections of proposed plans-Hamilton's situation in

convention-His speech-Advocates a republican government, duly

organized-Madison's misstatement-Hamilton's first plan of a con-

stitution Comments thereon.

CHAPTER XLVII.

Hamilton's efforts to direct opinions-Madison's changed view-Hamilton
as to State governments-Wilson's remarks-Hamilton's observations
-New Jersey plan rejected-Debates on Virginia resolutions-Lan-
sing's views-Luther Martin's-Hamilton's system-In favor of election
of Representatives by the people-King concurs-Compensation of
Exclusion from office-Madison's speech on nature of the government,
Sherman, Hamilton-Suffrage of States-Hamilton's plan approved

230

273