San Antonio Arsenal, San Antonio, Texas. Vancouver Arsenal, Vancouver, Washington Ty. For foreman and laborers employed..... 24,000 1 watchman, Franklin Square.......................... i 66 Washington Arsenal, Washington, D.C. ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT AT LARGE. There are employed at the several ordnance stations by the commanding officers thereof a large number of civilian employés, aggregating about 500 persons, including armorers, clerks, draughtsmen, machinists, foremen, mechanics, engineers, firemen, watchmen, storekeepers, laborers, teamsters, etc., who receive the usual yearly pay of their several classes. CHIEF OF ENGINEERS OF THE ARMY. -ENGINEER CORPS. 1 66 Lincoln .... 1 bridge-keeper, Chain Bridge............ 720 660 660 660 660 660 660 The Chief of Engineers has immediate superintendence of the Washington Aqueduct, and of all other public works and improvements in the District of Columbia, in which the Government has an interest, not otherwise specially provided for by law. He must obey, in the discharge of these duties, such regulations as may be prescribed by the President through the War Department. He must keep in his office a complete record of all the lands and other property connected with or belonging to the Washington Aqueduct and other public works under his charge, together with accurate plans and surveys in the District of Columbia. of the public grounds and reservations POWERS, DUTIES, AND BUSINESS. The Chief of Engineers of the army has power to regulate and determine the It is the duty of the Chief of Engineers, number, quality, form, and dimensions as Superintendent of Public Buildings of the necessary vehicles, pontoons, tools, and Grounds and as Superintendent of implements, arms, and other supplies for the Washington Aqueduct, to submit anthe use of the battalion of engineer sol-nually the following reports to the Secdiers. He commands the Corps of Engi- retary of War: neers, which is charged with all duties relating to fortifications; with torpedoes for coast defence; with all works, offensive and defensive; with all military bridges, and with such surveys as may be required for these objects, or the movements of armies in the field. It is also charged with river and harbor improvements; with military and geographical explorations and surveys; with the survey of the lakes; and with such other engineer work as may be assigned to it by acts of Congress, or by orders of the President of the United States. The Chief of Engineers has charge of the public buildings and grounds in the District of Columbia, under such regulations as may be prescribed by the President through the War Department, except those which are otherwise provided for by law. Another officer of Engineers is designated by the President as Commissioner of Public Buildings and Grounds. The following force is employed in the office of and about the Public Buildings and Grounds at Washington, D. C.: 1 clerk..... 1 messenger....... First. A report of his operations for the preceding year, with an account of the manner in which all appropriations for public buildings and grounds have been applied, including a statement of the number of public lots sold or remaining unsold each year, of the condition of the public buildings and grounds, and of the measures necessary to be taken for the care and preservation of all public property under his charge. Second. A report of the condition, progress, repairs, casualties, and expenditures of the Washington Aqueduct and other public works under his charge. 66 Per Annum. .$2000 1800 1600 Per Annum. Seneca parapets and coping. The cost .$1400 of construction was $237,000. And not exceeding 30 enlisted men for clerical service........ WAR DEPARTMENT BUILDINGS. 1000 720 in 1858. 660 ...... 1200 This great work of art was completed It is unequalled in the history of bridge-building, and is the largest stone arch in the world, the second being that of Grosvenor Bridge, with a span of 200 feet, which crosses the river Dee in Scotland. One mile above is Mountain-Spring Brook, crossed by an elliptical arch of masonry, 75 feet span. The bridge is 200 feet long, and cost $76,000. The aqueduct above this point to the river consists of two tunnels. In addition to the force assigned to particular offices, the following employés are authorized in connection with the heating, watching, and cleaning of the several buildings occupied by the War Department: Per Annum. 5 watchmen, Paymaster-General's, each... 2 laborers, 66 66 4 watchmen, building Seventeenth and F Streets, each.... 2 laborers, building Seventeenth and F Streets, each... 8 charwomen, new building, each........... THE WASHINGTON AQUEDUCT. 720 660 720 660 720 660 MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION. This Commission was established by act of Congress, June 28, 1879, for the improvement of navigation. the army and the Coast and Geodetic Survey receive only the pay of their respective positions in said services, and the other three receive $3000 per annum each. Their tenure of office depends upon the pleasure of the President. It consists of seven members, three of whom must be selected from the Engineer Corps of the army, one from the Coast and Geodetic Survey, and three from civil life, two of whom must be civil engineers. It is the duty of the President of the United States to designate one of the Commissioners selected from In charge of the War Department. the Engineer Corps to be President of The distributing reservoir is situated the Commission. The Commissioners two miles from Georgetown. The water-appointed from the Engineer Corps of surface of the reservoir is 33 acres capacity, 150,000,000 gallons at depth of 11 feet. From this point the water is carried by iron mains into the city. The aqueduct terminates here, and it consists of a cylindrical conduit, of 9 feet internal diameter, constructed of stone and brick. It is laid in hydraulic cement, is covered by an embankment or tunnelled through the hills, is carried across the streams by means of bridges, and has a fall of 9 inches to the mile. The capacity of the conduit, full, is 80,000,000 gallons every 24 hours. The present mains carry off 30,000,000 gallons. The receiving reservoir is a natural basin, formed by an embankment 65 feet high, across Powder Mill Creek. It has a surface area of 52 acres, greatest depth 53 feet, and its capacity is 163,000,000 gallons. CABIN-JOHN BRIDGE. This structure spans the chasm of Cabin-John Creek, to facilitate the passage of the aqueduct, at a height of 101 feet. The bridge is 20 feet wide and 420 feet long, and is a single arch of 220 feet, with 57 feet rise from the springing line, built of large blocks of granite, with DUTIES OF THE COMMISSIONERS. direct and complete such surveys of the It is the duty of the Commissioners to Mississippi River, between the Head of the Passes, near its mouth, to_its_headwaters, as were in progress at the date of the establishment of the Commission, and to make such additional surveys, examinations, and investigations, topographical, hydrographical, and hydrometrical, of said river and its tributaries as may be deemed by them necessary to carry out the objects of the survey; to take into consideration and mature such plans and estimates as will correct, permanently locate, and deepen the channel, and protect the banks of the Mississippi River; improve, and give safety and ease to the navigation thereof; prevent destructive floods; promote and facilitate commerce, trade, and the postal service; and when so prepared and matured, to submit a full and detailed report to the Secretary of War of their proceedings the United States Military Academy at and actions, and of such plans, with West Point. estimates of the cost thereof, to be by him transmitted to Congress. They must also report in full upon the practicability, feasibility, and probable cost of the various plans known as the jetty system, the levee system, and the outlet system, as well as upon such others as they deem necessary. At the request of the Commission the Secretary of War is directed to detail from the Engineer Corps of the army, and the Secretary of the Treasury from the Coast and Geodetic Survey, such officers and men as may be necessary, and to place in their charge and for their use such vessels, machinery, and instruments, under their control respectively, as may be necessary. The Secretary of War may detail an officer of engineers to act as Secretary of the Commission. THE UNITED STATES ARMY, The Army of the United States con- One lieutenant-general. A battalion of engineer soldiers. The offices of general and lieutenantgeneral expire with the present incumbents. Each regiment of artillery consists of twelve batteries, one colonel, one lieutenant-colonel, one major for every four batteries, one adjutant, one quartermaster and commissary, one sergeant-major, one quartermaster sergeant, one chief musician, who shall be instructor of music, and two principal musicians. Each battery of artillery consists of one captain, one first lieutenant, one second lieutenant, one first sergeant, one quartermaster sergeant, four sergeants, four corporals, two musicians, two artificers, one wagoner, and as many privates, not exceeding one hundred and twentytwo, as the President may direct. And the President may add one first lieutenant, one second lieutenant, two sergeants, and four corporals. One battery in each regiment is equipped as light artillery, and the President may so equip one other battery. Each regiment of cavalry consists of twelve troops, one colonel, one lieutenantcolonel, three majors, one surgeon, one assistant surgeon, one adjutant, one quartermaster, one veterinary surgeon, one sergeant-major, one quartermaster sergeant, one saddler sergeant, one chief musician, and one trumpeter. Each troop of cavalry consists of one captain, one first lieutenant, one second lieutenant, one first sergeant, one quartermaster sergeant, five sergeants, four corporals, two trumpeters, two farriers, one saddler, one wagoner, and such number of privates, not exceeding seventy The enlisted men of the Ordnance De- eight, as the President may direct. partment. The Medical Department. The hospital stewards of the Medical Department. A Pay Department. A chief signal officer. A Bureau of Military Justice. One band stationed at the Military A force of Indian scouts, not exceeding 1000. The officers of the army on the retired list. The enlisted men of two regiments of calvary are colored men. Each regiment of infantry consists of ten companies, one colonel, one lieutenant-colonel, one major, one adjutant, one quartermaster, one sergeant-major, one quartermaster sergeant, one chief, and two principal musicians. Each company of infantry consists of one captain, one first lieutenant, one second lieutenant, one first sergeant, one quartermaster sergeant, four sergeants, four corporals, two artificers, two musicians, one wagoner, and fifty privates, and the President may increase the number of privates to one hundred in emergencies. The enlisted men of two regiments of infantry are colored men. SUBSISTENCE DEPARTMENT. This corps consists of one CommissaryGeneral, with the rank of brigadier-gen There is one band for the army, consisting of one leader and twenty-four musicians, which is ordinarily stationed at the West Point Military Academy. Two regiments of infantry or of cav-eral; two Assistant Commissaries of alry constitute a brigade, commanded by a brigadier-general; two brigades constitute a division, commanded by a majorgeneral; but it is in the discretion of the commanding general to vary this disposition. The army is limited by general statute to 30,000 enlisted men, and at this time it numbers only 25,000, including Indian scouts and hospital stewards; the act of June 18, 1878, prohibiting the use of the appropriations thereby made for the support of the army to recruit a larger number. Enlistments are for five years. There is a chaplain for each regiment of colored troops, and thirty post chaplains. They have the rank of captain of infantry without command. Chaplains act as school-teachers as well as clergymen. Subsistence, with the rank of colonel of cavalry; two Assistant Commissaries of Subsistence, with the rank of lieutenantcolonel; eight Commissaries of Subsistence, with the rank of major; and sixteen Commissaries of Subsistence, with the rank of captain. The ration consists of one pound and a quarter of beef, or three-quarters of a pound of pork, eighteen ounces of bread or flour, and at the rate of ten pounds of coffee, fifteen pounds of sugar, two quarts of salt, four quarts of vinegar, four ounces of pepper, four pounds of soap, and one pound and a half of candles to every hundred rations. CORPS OF ENGINEERS. This corps consists of one Chief of Engineers, with the rank of brigadiergeneral, six Colonels, twelve LieutenantColonels, twenty-four Majors, thirty Captains, twenty-six First Lieutenants, and ten Second Lieutenants, and the battalion. ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT. This corps consist of one AdjutantGeneral, with the rank of brigadier-general; two Assistant Adjutants-General, of five companies, one quartermaster serThe battalion of Engineers consists with the rank of colonel of cavalry; four Assistant Adjutants-General, with the geant, and one sergeant-major. rank of lieutenant-colonel of cavalry; and thirteen Assistant Adjutants-General, with the rank of major of cavalry. CORPS OF INSPECTORS-GENERAL. There are five Inspectors-General, with the rank of colonel of cavalry; one Assistant Inspector-General, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel of cavalry; and two Assistant Inspectors-General, with the rank of major of cavalry. ten sergeants, ten corporals, two musiEach company of Engineers consists of cians, and one hundred and twenty-eight privates. The enlisted men of the Engineer battalion are required to perform the duties of sappers, miners, and pontoniers, and may be detailed to oversee laborers upon fortifications and other works. CORPS OF ORDNANCE. This corps consists of one Chief of Ordnance, with the rank of brigadiergeneral, three Colonels, four LieutenantQUARTERMASTER'S DEPARTMENT. Colonels, ten Majors, twenty Captains, sixteen First Lieutenants, ten Second This corps consists of one Quartermas- Lieutenants, and thirteen Ordnance ter-General, with the rank of brigadier- Storekeepers; one with the rank of major general; six Assistant Quartermasters- of cavalry, and twelve with the rank of General, with the rank of colonel of captain. As many sergeants, corporals, cavalry; ten Deputy Quartermasters- and privates of Ordnance are allowed as General, with the rank of lieutenant-col- the Secretary of War may direct. onel; twelve Quartermasters, with the rank of major; thirty Assistant Quartermasters, with the rank of captain; and sixteen Military Storekeepers, with the rank of captain. MEDICAL CORPS. This corps consists of one SurgeonGeneral, with the rank of brigadier-gen Four women to each company are RETIREMENT. eral; one Assistant Surgeon-General, PAY DEPARTMENT. This department consists of one Paymaster-General, with the rank of colonel; two Assistant Paymasters-General, with the rank of colonel of cavalry; two Deputy Paymasters-General, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel; and fifty Paymasters, with the rank of major. The army is paid once in two months. SIGNAL SERVICE. The head of this service is the Chief Signal Officer, with the rank of colonel of cavalry. BUREAU OF MILITARY JUSTICE. This consists of one Judge-AdvocateGeneral, with the rank of brigadier-general; one Assistant Judge-Advocate-General, with the rank of colonel of cavalry; and eight Judge-Advocates, with the rank of major. The Chiefs of the several Departments and Corps aforementioned exercise their powers subject to the supervision and direction of the Secretary of War. GENERAL PROVISIONS. An officer who has served thirty years may on his own application, in the discretion of the President, be placed on the retired list. One who has served fortyfive years, or is sixty-two years old, may be retired from active service in the discretion of the President. The army is governed by what are called Articles of War, one hundred and twenty-eight in number, prescribed by act of Congress. They are read to every enlisted man at the time of his enlistment, and must be read to every regiment once in six months. Every officer must subscribe to these rules and articles before entering on duty. MILITARY ACADEMY AT WEST POINT, One Superintendent; one Commandant of Cadets; one Senior Instructor in the Tactics each of Artillery, of Cavalry, and of Infantry; one Professor and one Assistant Professor of Civil and Military Engineering; one Professor and one Assistant Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy; one Professor and one Assistant Professor of Mathematics; one Chaplain, who is also a Professor of History, Geography, and Ethics, and one Assistant Professor of the same; one Professor and one Assistant Professor of Chemistry, Mineralogy, and Geology; one Professor and one Assistant Professor of Drawing; one Professor and one Assistant Professor each of the French and Spanish Languages; one Adjutant; one Master of Sword; and one Teacher of Music. No person who has served in any capacity in the military, naval, or civil The Superintendent and Commandant service of the so-called Confederate States, of Cadets, while serving as such, rank or of either of the States in insurrection respectively as colonel and lieutenantduring the Rebellion of 1861, can be ap-colonel of engineers. pointed to any position in the Army of the United States. All officers who served during the Rebellion as volunteers in the Army of the United States, honorably mustered out of the service, are entitled to bear the official title, and upon occasions of ceremony to wear the uniform of the highest grade they held, by brevet or other commissions, in the volunteer service. The use by officers of private soldiers as servants is prohibited by law. APPOINTMENT AND CADETS. ADMISSION OF APPOINTMENTS. Each Congressional District and Territory-also the District of Columbia-is entitled to have one Cadet at the United States Military Academy. Ten are also appointed at large. The appointments (excepting those at large) are made by the Secretary of War, at the request of the Representative, or Delegate, in Con |