Industry in England: Historical Outlines

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Physical Aspect of PreRoman Britain
17
CHAPTER II
21
Roman Roads
22
Roman Towns in Britain
23
The Romans and Agriculture
25
Celtic and NonRoman Influence in Agriculture
27
Commerce and Industry in Roman Britain
31
CHAPTER III
34
The Saxon Village and its Inhabitants
37
Village Life
38
Methods of Cultivation
40
SECTION
41
CHAPTER IV
47
Special Privileges of Towns
51
How the Towns obtained their Charters
52
The Gilds and the Towns Various kinds of Gilds
53
How the Merchant Gilds helped the Growth of Towns
54
Evidence from Manorial Courts and Customs
55
Life in the Towns of this time
56
Economic Effects of the Feudal System
57
Foreign Trade The Crusades
58
The Trading Clauses in the Great Charter
59
The Jews in England
60
Flemish Weavers
61
PERIOD II
61
Economic Appearance of England in this Period Population The North and South
62
General Condition of the Period
63
The Wealth of various Districts
68
Services due to the Lord from his Tenants in Villeinage
74
SECTION
77
Description of a Manor Village
80
The Manufacturing Class and Politics
83
CHAPTER VI
86
The Nobility
101
FROM THE THIRTEENTH TO THE END OF THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY INCLUDING THE GREAT PLAGUE 12161500
109
CHAPTER VIII
111
Agriculture the Chief Occupation of the People
112
Methods of Cultivation The Capitalist Landlord and his Bailiff The Stock and Land Lease
113
The Yeomen
114
Agriculture and Sheepfarming
115
The Tenants Communal Land and Closes 68 Ploughing 69 Stock Pigs and Poultry
116
The Towns and Town Constitutions
117
The Gilds and Municipal Institutions
118
The Decay of Certain Towns
119
The Commercial and Industrial Changes of the Fifteenth Century
120
Sheep
121
Increase of Sheepfarming 72 Consequent Increase of Enclosures
123
PAGE
131
CHAPTER X
134
The Great Fairs
140
Growth of Industrial Villages The Germs of the Modern Fac
146
The Effects of the Plague on Wages
152
The Statute of Quia Emptores
158
The Renewed Exactions of the Landowners
164
The Result of the Revolt
170
112
180
113
182
115
184
116
186
117
187
118
189
The Origin of the Towns
190
FROM THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY TO THE EVE OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
197
Condition of the Agricultural Population
198
CHAPTER IX
199
England still mainly Agricultural
200
The Domestic System of Manufacture
201
The Dissolution of the Monasteries
202
Results of the Suppression
203
Pauperism
205
The Issuing of Base Coin 199 202
206
The Confiscation of the Gild Lands
207
THE CONDITION OF THE WORKING CLASSES
208
Bankruptcy and Rapacity of Edward VI s Government
209
Englands Monopoly of Wool 120 74 Wool and Politics 121
211
The Enclosures of the Sixteenth Century
213
Evidence of the Results of Enclosing
215
CHAPTER XVI
234
Growth of Trades Unions
239
Exports of Manufactures and Foreign Trade
240
The Revival of the Craft Gilds
246
Assessment of Wages by Justices The First Poor
253
The Law of Apprenticeship
259
CHAPTER XVII
265
Improvements of Cattle and in the Productiveness of Land
271
Causes of the Decay of the Yeomanry
278
The Condition of the English Labourer
284
The Beginnings of the Struggle with Spain
285
Cromwells Commercial Wars and the Navigation Acts
286
The Wars of William III and of Anne
288
English Colonies
290
Further Wars with France and Spain
291
The Struggle for India
293
The Conquest of Canada 295
295
Survey of Commercial Progress during these Wars
296
The Great Inventors
298
Commercial Events of the Seventeenth Century Bankingthe Bank of England National Debt Restoration of the Currency
299
Prices and Brands of English Wool 124
300
Other Important Commercial Events Darien Scheme Union of England and Scotland Methuen Treaty Speculation and the South Sea Bubble
301
English Manufactures
305
Other Influences Favourable to England The Huguenot
307
Distribution of the Cloth Trade
308
Coal Mines
310
Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries
311
The Iron Trade
312
Pottery
314
Other Mining Industries
315
The Close of the Period of Manual Industries
316
PERIOD V
319
CHAPTER XX
321
PAGE
323
The Coming of the Capitalists
324
The Class of Small Manufacturers 326
326
The Condition of the Manufacturing Population 327
327
The Growth of Population and the Development of the Northern 347 Districts
349
The Revolution in the Mining Industries
352
The Improvements in Communications
354
The Nations Wealth and its Wars
356
CHAPTER XXII
358
The Mercantile Theory
359
The Mercantile Theory in Practice
361
125
364
Attempts to raise a Revenue from America
367
Outbreak of
368
The Great Continental
370
Its Effects upon Industry and the Working Classes
372
Politics among the Working Classes
376
Political Results of the Industrial Revolution
378
THE FACTORY SYSTEM AND ITS RESULTS 219 The Results of the Introduction of the Factory System
381
Machinery and Hand Labour 381
383
Loss of Rural Life and of ByeIndustries
385
Contemporary Evidence of the New Order of Things
387
English Slavery The Apprentice System
388
224
391
225
392
Richard Oastler
393
227
395
Ten Hours Day and Mr Sadler
397
The Evidence of Facts
398
English Slavery
400
The Various Factory Acts
403
How these Acts were Passed
404
Drawbacks
406
THE RISE AND DEPRESSION OF MODERN AGRICULTURE
427
The Stimulus caused by the Bounties
433
The Depression in Modern Agriculture
439
The Labourer and the Land
445
CHAPTER XXVI
453
Our Colonies
458
The Present Mercantile System Foreign Markets
464
The Necessity of Studying Economic Factors in History
473
393
477
398
478

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