offences having been perpetrated on board a Spanish vessel. The whole were, however, still kept in confinement; the question remaining to be determined, whether they should be handed over to the Spanish authorities of Cuba, who loudly demanded them, or transmitted to the coast of Africa.

was a coaster, bound to Principe, in Cuba, distant
some two or three hundred miles.

places we visited, the audience were astonished at the performance of Kali, who is only eleven years of age. He could not only spell any word in either of the Gospels, but spell sentences, without any mistake; such sentences as, Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth,' naming each letter and syllable, and recapitulating as he went along, until he pronounced the whole sentence. Two hundred and seven dollars were received at this meeting."

The Africans were kept in chains and fetters, and were supplied with but a small quantity of food or water. A single banana, they say, was served out as food for a day or two, and only a small cup of water for each daily. When any of them took a little water from the cask, they were severely flogged. The Spaniards took Antonio, the cabin-boy, and slave to Captain Ferrer, and stamped him on the shoulder with a Mr Tappan concludes as follows:-"On Wednesday, hot iron, then put powder, palm-oil, &c., upon the there is to be a large farewell meeting at Farmington; wound, so that they could know him for their slave.' and in a few days the Mendians will embark from The cook, a coloured Spaniard, told them that, on New York. May the Lord preserve them, and carry their arrival at Principe, in three days they would them safely to their native land, to their kindred and have their throats cut, be chopped in pieces, and salted homes. Su-ma, the eldest, has a wife and five childown for meat for the Spaniards. He pointed to some dren; Cinque has a wife and three children. They barrels of beef on the deck, then to an empty barrel, all have parents or wives, or brothers and sisters. and by significant gestures-as the Mendians say, by What a meeting it will be with these relations and talking with his fingers,' he made them understand friends, when they are descried on the hills of Mendi! that they were to be slain, &c. At four o'clock that We were invited to visit other places, but time did day, when they were called on deck to eat, Cinque not allow of longer absence. I must not forget to found a nail, which he secreted under his arm. In mention, that the whole band of these Mendians are the night they held a counsel as to what was best to teetotallers. At a tavern where we stopped, Ban-na be done. 'We feel bad,' said Kinna, and we ask took me aside, and with a sorrowful countenance, said, Cinque what we had best do.' Cinque say, 'Me think,This bad house-bar house-no good.' and by and by I tell you.' He then said, 'If we do steam-boat is at the wharf, and I must close. The nothing, we be killed. We may as well die in trying collections in money, on this excursion of twelve days, to be free, as to be killed and eaten.' Cinque after- is about a thousand dollars, after deducting travelling wards told them what he would do. With the aid of expenses. More money is needed to defray the exthe nail, and the assistance of another, he freed him- penses of the Mendians to their native land, and to self from the irons on his wrists and ankles, and from sustain their religious teachers." the chain on his neck. He then, with his own hands, wrested the irons from the limbs and necks of his countrymen.

It may be supposed that these proceedings excited a lively sensation among all friends of the blacks in America; and every proper means were adopted to procure the liberation of the unhappy Africans. The American government finally came to the resolution of delivering them up either as property or assassins; and Van Buren, the President, issued an order, January 7, 1840, to that effect. But, after all, the order did not avail. The district judge, contrary to all anticipations of the executive, decided that the negroes were freemen; that they had been kidnapped in Africa, and fully entitled to their liberty. They were, accordingly, set free, and allowed to go where they pleased. This event gave great satisfaction to the anti-slavery societies throughout the States; and many persons kindly volunteered to assist the late captives in their homeless and utterly penniless condition. Lewis Tappan, a member of a committee of benevolent individuals, took a warm interest in their fate, and was deputed by his brethren to make an excursion with some of the Africans to different towns, in order to raise funds. In this he was aided by Mr Deming, and one or two others; and by their united efforts, several highly interesting public exhibitions were accomplished, and some money collected. The Africans, it appears, were natives of Mendi, and possessed no small degree of intelligence. Ten were selected from among the number as being considered the best singers, and most able to address an audience in English. These It is not in my power to give an adequate descripwere named Cinque, Banna, Si-si, Su-ma, Fuli, Ya- tion of Cinque when he showed how he did this, and bo-i, So-ko-ma, Kinna, Kali, and Mar-gru. Taken led his comrades to the conflict, and achieved their to Boston, they made a deep impression on the large freedom. In my younger years I saw Kemble and audiences who came to hear them sing and tell the Siddons, and the representation of Othello, at Covent story of their capture. In a narrative written by Garden; but no acting that I ever witnessed came Mr Tappan, we find the following account of what near that to which I allude. When delivered from occurred at one of these exhibitions. After some pre- their irons, the Mendians, with the exception of the liminary statements, "three of the best readers were children, who were asleep, about four or five o'clock in called upon to read a passage in the New Testament. the morning, armed with cane-knives, some boxes of One of the Africans next related, in 'Merica lan- which they found in the hold, leaped upon the deck. guage,' their condition in their own country, their Cinque killed the cook. The captain fought despebeing kidnapped, the sufferings of the middle passage, rately. He inflicted wounds on two of the Africans, their stay at Havana, the transactions on board the who soon after died, and cut severely one or two of Amistad, &c. The story was intelligible to the those who now survive. Two sailors leaped over the audience, with occasional explanations. They were side of the vessel. The Mendians say, 'They could not next requested to sing two or three of their native catch land-they must have swum to the bottom of songs. This performance afforded great delight to the the sea,' but Ruiz and Montez supposed they reached audience. As a pleasing contrast, however, they sang the island in a boat. Cinque now took command of the imrnediately after one of the songs of Zion. This pro- vessel, placed Si-si at the rudder, and gave his people duced a deep impression upon the audience; and while plenty to eat and drink. Ruiz and Montez had fled these late Pagans were singing so correctly and im- to the hold. They were dragged out, and Cinque pressively a hymn, in a Christian church, many weep-ordered them to be put in irons. They cried, and ing eyes bore testimony that the act and its associations touched a chord that vibrated in many hearts. Cinque was then introduced to the audience, and addressed them in his native tongue. It is impossible to describe the novel and deeply interesting manner in which he acquitted himself. The subject of his speech was similar to that of his countryman who had addressed the audience in English; but he related more minutely and graphically the occurrences on board the Amistad. The easy manner of Cinque, his natural, graceful, and energetic action, the rapidity of his utterance, and the remarkable and various expressions of his countenance, excited the admiration and applause of the audience. He was pronounced a powerful natural orator, and one born to sway the

minds of his fellow men.

But the

Being unanimous in the desire to return to their native country, the Mendian negroes, thirty-five in number, embarked from New York for Sierra Leone, November 27, 1841, on board the barque "Gentleman," Captain Morris, accompanied by five missionaries and teachers; their stay in the United States, as Mr Sturge observes, having been of immense service to the anti-slavery cause; and there was reason to hope, that, under their auspices, Christianity and civilisation may be introduced into their native country.

A FEW WEEKS ON THE CONTINENT.
COPPET-FERNEY-FRIBURG.

ONE of the days which we devoted to Geneva and its
environs was spent in an excursion to Coppet and
Ferney, both lying within the compass of that villa-
clad region on the northern borders of the lake to
which I alluded in the previous article. As we de-
signed also to visit the source of the small river Ver-
soix, the walk was too long for the ladies; and a
caleche, hired for the jaunt, carried us along, in cheer-
ful mood, through scenes well calculated to amuse and
refresh the mind. The weather was clear, and per-
mitted us, at openings in the trees, to catch glimpses
of the whitened peaks of Mont Blanc; while, on our
left, the country, rising by easy gradations to the base
of the Jura range of mountains, was observed to be
laid out in trimly kept fields, in which an industrious
peasantry were busily at work.

begged not to be put in chains, but Cinque replied,
You say fetters good for negro; if good for negro,
good for Spanish man too; you try them two days,
and see how you feel.' The Spaniards asked for water,
and it was dealt out to them in the same little cup
with which they had dealt it out to the Africans. They
complained bitterly of being thirsty. Cinque said,
You say little water enough for nigger; if little
water do for him, a little do for you too. Cinque said
the Spaniards cried a great deal; he felt very sorry ;
Coppet is a neat but rather old-fashioned village,
only meant to let them see how good it was to be situated close upon the lake, at a few miles from
treated like the poor slaves. In two days, the irons Geneva, and is visited by tourists for no other purpose
were removed, and then, said Cinque, we gave them than to see the house which had once been inhabited
plenty water and food, and treat them very well.
Kinna stated, that as the water fell short, Cinque by M. Necker, and afterwards by his daughter, Ma-
would not drink any, nor allow any of the rest to
dame de Staël. It is a plain mansion, of large size,
drink any thing but salt water, but dealt out daily quite in the style of a French chateau, standing be-
a little to each of the four children, and the same hind the village, and environed on the north and west
quantity to each of the two Spaniards! In a day or by some fine pleasure-grounds, suitable to the retire-
two, Ruiz and Montez wrote a letter, and told Cinquement of a meditative mind. We were admitted to
that, when they spoke a vessel, if he would give it to
them, the people would take them to Sierra Leone.
Cinque took the letter, and said, 'Very well,' but
afterwards told his brethren, We have no letter in
Mendi. I don't know what is in the letter-there
may be death in it. So we will take some iron and a
string, bind them about the letter, and send it to the
bottom of the sea.'

At the conclusion of the meeting, some linen and cotton table-cloths and napkins, manufactured by the Africans, were exhibited, and eagerly purchased of them by persons present, at liberal prices. They are in the habit of purchasing linen and cotton at the shops, unravelling the edges about six to ten inches, and making, with their fingers, net-fringes, in imitation, they say, of Mendi fashion. Large numbers of the audience advanced, and took Cinque and the rest by the hand. The transactions of this meeting have thus been stated at length, and the account will serve to show how the subsequent meetings were conducted, as the services in other places were similar.

The amount of the statements made by Kinna, Fu-li, and Cinque, and the facts in the case, are as follows:-These Mendians belong to six different tribes, although their dialects are not so dissimilar as to prevent them from conversing together very readily. Most of them belong to a country which they call Mendi, but which is known to geographers and travellers as Kos-sa, and lies south-east of Sierra Leone, as we suppose, from sixty to one hundred and twenty miles. With one or two exceptions, these Mendians are not related to each other; nor did they know each other until they met at the slave factory of Pedro Blanco, the wholesale trafficker in men, at Lomboko, on the coast of Africa. They were stolen separately, many of them by black men, some of whom were accompanied by Spaniards, as they were going from one village to another, or were at a distance from their abodes. The whole came to Havana in the same ship, a Portuguese vessel named Tecora, except the four children, whom they saw, for the first time, on board the Amistad. It seems that they remained at Lomboko several weeks, until six or seven hundred were collected, when they were put in irons, and placed in the hold of a ship, which soon put to sea. Being chased by a British cruiser, she returned, landed the cargo of human beings, and the vessel was seized and taken to These Africans, while in prison (which was the Sierra Leone for adjudication. After some time, the greater part of the time they have been in this counAfricans were put on board the Tecora. After suf- try), learned but little comparatively; but since they fering the horrors of the middle passage, they arrived have been liberated, they are anxious to learn, as they at Havana. Here they were put into a barracoon for said it would be good for us in our own country ten days-one of the oblong enclosures without a roof, Many of them write well, read, spell, and sing well, where human beings are kept, as they keep sheep and and have attended to arithmetic. The younger ones oxen near the cattle markets in the vicinity of our large have made great progress in study. Most of them cities, until purchasers are found-when they were have much fondness for arithmetic. They have also sold to Jose Ruiz, and shipped on board the Amistad, cultivated, as a garden, fifteen acres of land, and have together with the three girls, and a little boy who raised a large quantity of corn, potatoes, onions, beets, came on board with Pedro Montez. The Amistad | &c., which will be useful to them at sea. In some

view the grounds; but the house being at the time occupied by the family of the Duke de Broglie, was of course not open to the inspection of strangers. Within the park in front, and near the pathway in driving from Geneva, is a walled enclosure thickly planted with trees; and in this spot repose the remains of Necker and his daughter. It was pointed out to us with no small solemnity by a gossiping attendant, who prided herself on having, for the last forty years, been a domestic in the family.

And, so, here has mouldered into dust the hand which kindled the flame of revolution in France, and produced such wide-spread changes. Necker, however, neither anticipated nor desired that extraordinary political conflagration. Born at Geneva, in 1734, he rose, by diligence in commercial pursuits, to considerable local eminence as a banker and financier; and, about the year 1770, was appointed resident for the Genevese republic at the court of France. Here he distinguished himself by his writings, and was appointed controller-general. He did not possess sufficient duplicity to disguise the true state of affairs from the king or the nation; and for the freedom with which he canvassed measures, he received permission to retire from the country (1781). Necker now proceeded to Switzerland, where he purchased Coppet. The mismanagement of his successors ren

structure, as well as of the performer. Reader, if you ever go to Friburg, do not on any account miss the organ; if it do not charm and leave a deep impression on your feelings, you are beyond the influence of sweet sounds.*

The grand curiosity of Friburg is its suspensionbridge, the largest and highest of the kind in the world. I wish I could convey a proper idea of this stupendous erection. The town, as I have said, is chiefly built on a ridge of ground on the left or west side of the Saane, divided from the opposite bank by a broad gulf of great depth, and at the bottom of which the river is seen winding among clusters of antique buildings, and beneath three bridges, covered as usual with brown-tiled roofs. Except by these ancient bridges, there was formerly no access to the town from the eastern bank, and the passage up or down the steep streets was a work of extreme difficulty for carriages of every description. In certain states of the weather, as much as an hour was occupied by a coach in first descending on one side and then ascending the other. I can compare the bed of the Saane at this point only to that of the Esk near Hawthornden; and the cause of deepening is in both cases the same. The banks are a soft sandstone, which in the course of ages have been worn down by the action of the water, leaving high and romantic cliffs and shelving braes, now covered with vegetation, unless where fashioned by the hand of art into pathways and commodious sites for buildings. To throw a suspensionbridge across this romantic but very inconvenient gulf, was an act of daring temerity; for the width to be spanned was nearly 300 metres, or upwards of 900 English feet, with a depth fully half as great. Many projects for the erection of stone or wooden bridges were devised, but none being suitable to the resources of the canton, they were respectively abandoned, and the design of a wood and iron suspension-bridge was finally agreed upon in 1830, and the work commenced in 1832. The person to whom the undertaking was assigned was M. Chaley, a French engineer, who agreed to complete the bridge, in all its details, for the sum of 300,000 francs, with the right of exacting a small toll upon it for the term of forty years.+ The work was completed in 1834; and on the 15th of October of that year, previous to opening by the authorities of the town and canton, its powers were put to a severe test. Fifteen pieces of cannon, drawn by fifty horses, along with nearly 300 people, proceeded across it at one time, and the whole fluctuating mass afterwards separated and united at different points, in order to try it in every possible way. On the 19th, the official inauguration took place, and then about 2000 persons crossed it in grand procession, accompanied by military music. The depression and oscillation of the fabric on each of these occasions were very trifling. Since this period till the present time it has been constantly in use, in every respect answering the expectations formed of it.

The bridge is entirely of one span, and perfectly level. The roadway, which is of wood, is supported not by solid iron rods, as is usual with such fabrics, but by four cables of small iron wires, each cable being composed of 1056 wires, bound in close union by bands of wires at regular distances; the thickness of each cable may be about ten inches. At each extremity, the cables are conducted over a handsome stone pier, and thence, in a sloping direction, down into excavations in the rock, where they are fastened by blocks of masonry. The total length of the roadway is 905 feet, its elevation above the bed of the Saane 174 feet, and its breadth 28 feet; dimensions which may be compared with those of the famed Menai bridge, whose length is only 580 feet, its elevation 130 feet, and its breadth 25 feet. The whole of the operations on the bridge of Friburg were performed by Swiss artisans, and all the materials were of Swiss produce, except the wires for the suspending cables, which were imported from England.

is the distinction, that each portion of population in the
town, separated by this small river, speaks a language
generally unknown to the other.

THE DIRECTOR.

THE theatrical vacations are important seasons to the
managers, or, as the French say, directors, of theatres,
as well as to all who may have attached themselves to
in search of performers to be employed, and per-
that profession. Then it is that managers run about
formers in quest of employing managers. To the
metropolis, in general, all parties fly on such occasions,
eager to have an early chance for success in their
speculations. There are usually rendezvouses where
transactions of this nature are completed-places
which the histrionic profession hold sacred to them-
selves and their affairs. It is rather curious, that in
Paris the gardens of the Palais-Royal should have
been a spot devoted to such purposes by the continued
practice of many years. Perhaps the case is altered
somewhat of late years; but, in the days to which
the anecdote now to be related refers, the gardens
of the Palais-Royal were the meeting-place of the
whole theatrical profession, and there engagements
without number have been entered into by its
members.

One day, in the times of the great Revolution, a
young lady, of elegant figure and captivating air, was
walking backwards and forwards in the Palais gardens.
She was an object of observation to many of the nume-
rous loungers around, and, among others, to a gentle-
man in the prime of life, of distinguished appearance,
and attired with much attention to neatness. Con-
sidering the freedom of French manners, at that time
in particular, it is nothing wonderful that this gentle
man should have made an endeavour to enter into
conversation with the lady whose figure had caught
his admiring glance. She, however, drew back imme-
diately on being accosted by him, and with a "You
are in a mistake, sir,” walked away from the spot.
But this repulse seemed to the gentleman to be uttered
in a tone not so very forbidding as to render all chance
of making the fair one's acquaintance hopeless, and he
was about to follow in her footsteps, when a hand was
laid upon his arm. "A thousand pardons, sir," said
the intermeddler; "you will excuse me for interfering
in this affair; but the truth is, that it is partly my
affair also."

The personage who made this remark was a man of sixty, of round figure, healthy complexion, and dressed in mournings which had seen some little service. "Pardon me, sir," continued he, "but really I am interested in this matter, and I believe my claim is the preferable one." The gentleman thus accosted made a hasty answer. "I do not understand you, sir," said he; "explain yourself, and tell me how this claim entitles you to take me by the arm, and interrupt me in any movements I choose to make." "I have been a little rude, I confess," said the elderly stranger, "but my interest is here concerned. I have observed your intentions. You wish to carry off Madame Lucile." "Is the lady who has now left us named Madame Lucile?" asked the gentleman. "Lucile Desrosiers is her name," said the other; "but why this feint Do you imagine I have not detected you? You are a brother in trade." "Ay, how do you make that out ?" answered the gentleman. " Why, it is easily enough seen," was the reply; "it was plain to me at the first glance that you were a director." "What!" cried the gentleman, with an air of surprise; "you found out this without knowing me? And you call me brother and colleague?" "Yes, I am Monsieur Florville, director of the theatre at Carcassone. You are a director, also; may I ask of what theatre ?" "What theatre !" returned the other; "you ask of what theatre ?" "Yes," said M. Florville; “why be mysterious with me? You know the gardens are full of our people just now, and your reserve would be of little avail, as I might learn in one moment who you are by making inquiries. You are new, I think, to business ?" "Yes-I have just entered upon my present position," said the gentleman, "Ah! that is the reason I have never met you at our reunions," answered M. Florville; "may I inquire your name?" "Nicolas," was the reply. "Nicolas !" said the provincial director; "that is very like the name of my friend Nicolet. And what establishment have you taken in charge?" "My theatre is in Paris," answered the other. "In Paris!" cried M. Florville; "that is a serious place for your debut in directorship. And your theatre?" "I have undertaken the management of La Republic," said the gentleman. "Oh! that is the place once called the Theatre Français ?" returned M. Florville; "and you will, no doubt, play there the high pieces-Corneille, Moliere, and so on. Well, there may be money to be gained there, but it is a serious undertaking for an inexperienced man. I, who now speak to you, have been thirty-six years a theatrical director, and yet I should shrink from Incrative mode of collecting the fees from strangers. The hotel trying such a place; though, truly, I know all the resources of a director as well as most people."

Since the erection of this stupendous structure, another bridge of a similar character has been thrown across the Saane, about a quarter of a mile farther up the river, at a point where the cliffs are exceedingly steep, and beautifully clothed with shrubbery from the summit to the green vale below. This bridge, called the Pont de Gotteron, is suspended by only two cables, both from one side, and extends a length of 700 feet, with an elevation of 285 feet. The view from it down into the romantic and solitary glen on the one side, and towards the town and Grand Pont on the other, is exceedingly striking. The interest of the spectacle is not diminished by the consideration, that we are upon the boundary between German and French Switzerland. On the eastern side of the river, or that towards Berne, the language is altogether German, while on the west it is French. And so exact

* The organist, I believe, does not play without receiving a fee of ten or twelve francs. On the occasion of our visit, a charge of

a franc each was made by the keeper of our hotel from all who attended the performance from his house-a convenient and

at which we resided was the Zahringer Hof, close by the Grand Pont, and I feel great pleasure in recommending it as one of the best houses in Switzerland. The landlord is a most obliging young man, who speaks English fluently.

I gather these particulars from an account written by M Chaley, published at Paris in 1839, under the title "Pont Suspendu de Fribourg (Suisse)." A small toll is exacted from passengers, and for the passage of carriages.

The gentlemanly stranger evidently began to like his frank companion, and the feeling was reciprocal. "I should be happy if my counsels could be of any service to you," said M. Florville. "I shall accept them with gratitude," answered the other. "It is said to be an easy matter to direct a theatre," said the provincial manager in continuation; "but I can

tell any one that it requires as much talent and address as it does to manage a kingdom. The thing, indeed, is the same; there are the same factions, the same intrigues, the same difficulties every way; the scale only is different. Permit me, sir, to ask you a question. That gentleman who bowed just now to you was"

"M. Cambaceres," answered the other. "Ah! I need not ask you if he is a comedian," continued the self-satisfied Florville, after this little "He was," answered the gentleman, "but he is not interruption; "it is easy to see that from his look, manner, and gait. Is he of your establishment?" attached to us at present. He is not without talent, but he had pretensions of too high an order." "Ah! I see," said M. Florville; "but one is sometimes obliged to bow to these people. The public-the publictakes a fancy to them, and what can a director do? For example, sir, this Madame Lucile Desrosiers, whom we are both anxious about" - "I yield her to you willingly," said the stranger. "Thank you, thank you," answered the Carcassone director; "she would not suit you at any rate. Her forte lies in the comic opera and vaudeville. In these departments she made an immense impression on the people of Carcassone some time since, and I have been compelled to make advances to her. Our engagement is not yet completed, but nearly so. I have had to make sacrifices to her, sir, great sacrifices, for she knows my position, and is most exacting; but I have only to make the best of it now; and he is a poor director who cannot turn such sacrifices to account. A concession of this kind, sir, whether in a theatre or in a state, may be made much of. The expensive engagement of Madame Lucile will give me an answer to all malcontents for the whole season to come. dozen of other performers may be necessary to carry on well; but if I am blamed for not employing them, the answer is, Madame Lucile.' Improvements in scenery may be called for; I do not make them, and my apology is, Madame Lucile. You see, sir, a concession of this kind may be made a most useful thing by a little address. And then, when I really wish to get rid of her, the press will do it for me when I choose." "Ah!" said the auditor of M. Florville, "the press is a serious thing for us directors."

A

"All as matters are managed," said the provincial director of Carcassone; "I have but one journal at Carcassone, and I turn it any way I wish by a little adroitness. I make the managing journalist my confidant, or appear to do so. I appeal to his judgment on all occasions but those of importance, and half make him believe he is director of the theatre. Why, sir, he will do any thing for me under these circumstances. He would feel any blame cast upon me as blame to himself."

"Ay, but the public," said the other, "the public! severe judge-obstinate in its fancies, capricious, and never satisfied, let one do what they will!"

"I agree with you," said the Carcassone director; "the public is all that you say. But it has one great quality-it pays.”

"Yes, it certainly is the paymaster, and that is something."

"That is all in all," said M. Florville; "there can neither be theatre nor government of any kind without it. Since the public pays, therefore, it is necessary, not to give them value for their money, but to give them just so much as to make them believe that one is not getting their money for nothing. Human language is so rich in words of a doubtful and double sense, that it is not difficult so to shape all your addresses to the public as to give the most magnificent anticipations, while the reality may be far below it, yet not a word of absolute untruth be discoverable in the promises made. Of course, this must not often be carried too far."

"No, certainly," said the gentleman, "else the public may be apt to make disturbances."

"Sometimes they do so, even at Carcassone," answered M. Florville; "and as you are new to the profession, I shall point out to you what I think the best mode of proceeding under such circumstances. Always have a deputy, a sub-manager, who may serve as a scape-goat to you; who may front the public ire, and bear off all the blame. This is easily managed, and will usually prove perfectly successful as regards the acquittance of yourself."

"But if the public will not be so satisfied?" asked the gentleman.

"Call in the police or the military at once," said M. Florville, with great coolness.

At this part of the discourse, M. Florville beheld Madame Lucile Desrosiers enter the gardens. "Ah! pardon me," cried he to his new acquaintance, "I see Madame Lucile, and must endeavour to complete our treaty."

"I am afraid that you are deceiving me, M. Florville," said the other, "and that your treaty with the lady is one in which the heart is concerned."

"Ah! young man," said the manager of Carcassone, "if you were as old in the profession as I am, you would not suspect me of making favourites amongst my company. Look on all alike; let all partake of your affections."

"What! all!" cried the other, "that would be too much." "Then your theatre is very large, and your company numerous," said M. Florville. than you can imagine," was the answer. have seen the Opera before the Revolution," said the Carcassone director. "The Opera is nothing in com

parison with the scene which I direct." "Truly! I should like to see this wonderful establishment of yours," said M. Florville.

"I shall with pleasure give you a ticket," said the stranger, "because I think I owe you something for the admirable counsels and lessons which you have given me in the art of directing. I shall profit, citizen Florville, by them; and I hope to have an opportunity of testifying my gratitude to you. Come to see me to-morrow morning."

"Where do you reside?" said Florville. "At the Luxembourg," was the reply. "Shall I ask for citizen Nicolas ?" said the Carcassone director.

"Yes, for Nicolas-Nicolas Barras," returned the stranger.

"What!" cried M. Florville, "you are" "Barras, THE DIRECTOR !"

[This little feuilleton affords a curious exemplification of the fact that the maxim, "All the world's a stage," is not only directly but conversely true.]

NO INQUIRY WITHOUT ITS USE.

is a vast amount of steam power, unequalled upon any
river in the world. There is never less at any one time
than 5000 persons afloat in the steamers during the sum-
mer season on the river Thames. Among the novelties
lately introduced in steam navigation, is a vessel with
locomotive engines similar to those on a railway, working
at high pressure; and the Waterman No. 7, with Stevens's
patent paddles, which enter the water at an angle of 35
degrees, produce very little swell, avoid the back water
thrown up by the ordinary paddles, and produce little
vibration. With two or three exceptions, the steam-en-
gines in our river vessels are worked at a low pressure,
hence explosions are never heard of.-Times newspaper.

LINES TO HER GRANDAUGHTER.
[SOPHIA JOANNA BAILLIE.]
Beautiful baby, where art thou?
What is thy little pastime now?
Who at this moment is caressing
The fondly-loved, the first-born blessing?
Is it papa, with vigorous dancing,
Thine eyes with timid pleasure glancing,
While added bloom adorns thy cheek,
And seems of "fearful joy to speak?"
Ah! soon with pain is pleasure bought,
And early is the lesson taught !
Or seated on thy mother's knee,
Dost thou some new discovery see-
Some sight thou'st never seen before,
Some object glitt'ring on the floor,
Some little scrap of gaudy hue,
Some toy just placed within thy view?
Or do sweet sounds attract thine ear,
Some words of fondness whispered near,
Some pretty song of ancient story,
Some tale of pussy and her glory,
While thou display'st thy little store
Of knowledge and of learned lore?
Or does some latent power within
Its influence now first begin,
Excite thee with a glad surprise,
And animate thy soft blue eyes,
Urge thee to efforts strange and new,
And bring some fresh exploit to view?
Gifts from on high bestow'd on thee,
Thou heir of immortality!

It seems to be a necessary condition of human science, that we should learn many (apparently) useless things, in order to become acquainted with those which are of service; and as it is impossible, antecedently to experience, to know the value of our acquisitions, the only way in which mankind can secure all the advantages of knowledge is to prosecute their inquiries in every possible direction. There can be no greater impediment to the progress of science than a perpetual and anxious reference at every step to palpable utility. Assured that the general result will be beneficial, it is not wise to be too solicitous as to the immediate value of every individual effort. Nor is it to be forgotten, that trivial and apparently useless acquisitions are often the necessary preparatives to important discoveries. The labours of the antiquary, the verbal critic, the collator of mouldering manuscripts, the describer of microscopic objects (labours which may appear to many out of all proportion to the value of the result), may be preparing the way for the achievements of some splendid genius, who may combine their minute details into a magnificent system, or evolve from a multitude of particulars collected with painful toil, some general principle destined to illuminate the career of future ages. To no one, perhaps, are the labours of his predecessors, even when they are apparently trifling or unsuccessful, of more service than to the metaphysician; and he who is well acquainted with the science, can scarcely fail to perceive that many of its inquiries are gradually converging to important results. Unallied as they may appear to present utility, it is not hazarding much to assert, that the world must hereafter be indebted to them for the extirpation of many mischievous errors, and the correction of a great part of those loose and illfounded opinions by which society is now pervaded.--From a Collection of Pieces. Essays on the Formation and Publication of Òpinions.

LORD BROUGHAM ON "GOOD BREEDING."

The same observations which were made on the arts are applicable to a certain refinement of manners, which is common to all highly-civilised states, but which, perhaps, arises in despotic countries at an earlier stage of society. This refinement is in itself of little merit or value, if, indeed, it is not rather to be accounted a defect. Its chief characteristic is luxurious indulgences of various kinds, and a politeness which consists so much in suppression of the natural feelings that it is nearly akin to falsehood. Never to say any thing that may give pain, unless where our duty requires it, is a rule of sound morals as well as good manners. But never to say any thing which those present may dislike, nay, from which they may dissent, is the rule of refined and courtly breeding. Absolute command of countenance and figure, calm, placid deportment, unbroken ease, sustained dignity, habitual smiles, indiscriminate respect, nay, the semblance of esteem or even love for every thing that approaches, and the taking a ready interest in whatever concerns every one, but showing none at all in what regards ourselves merely-these are the constituents of highly-refined and courtly manners; and these imply such an unnatural suppression of feelings, such an habitual restraint upon the emotions of every kind, such a false position of the mind at all times, as is most easily learnt under the sway and the dread of a despotic prince or his provincial representative. Accordingly, the manners of the orientals are known to be polite in an extravagant degree; while there is a want of polish in the subjects of free states which has made the roughness of

republican almost proverbial.

STEAM NAVIGATION ON THE THAMES.

a

There are now sixteen steam-vessels working daily between Gravesend and London; the same number to Woolwich; twenty to Greenwich; numerous small steamers, the boats of the Waterman's Company, and of the Old Woolwich Company, between Greenwich and Blackwall; there are eight steam-vessels constantly going up and down the river on their way to and from Dover, Ramsgate, Margate, Herne Bay, Southend, and Sheerness. The General Steam Navigation Company muster forty-nine first-class steamers, all sailing from London, a fleet superior to the steam fleet of any of the continental powers, and which carry merchandise and property to the amount of a million sterling weekly, and whose consumption of coal exceeds in value L.50,000 per annum. There are not less than fifty other large steamers trading between London and various parts in Great Britain and Ireland; twenty-three steam-tugs, varying from 30 to 100 horsepower each, exclusively engaged in towing ships between Gravesend and the Pool; twenty iron and wooden steamers navigating the river above bridge between London-bridge and Chelsea; two constantly running between the Adelphi pier and Putney; and five to Richmond. This

Oh ye, to whom the task is given
To guide the little feet to Heaven,
Check the first step that goes astray,
And early teach them virtue's way!
Rugged sometimes may be the road
That leads to her divine abode,
And sometimes clouds may intervene,
And darken the surrounding scene,
And for a moment hope may fail,
And terrora may the soul assail:
Fear not! the haven kept in view,
And love divine will help us through;
Help us when most we see to fear,
When most we think that danger's near;
Help us when most we seem alone,
Help us with power beyond our own!

WILDMAN, THE BEE-TAMER.

In the "Scots Magazine" for November 1766, the fol-
lowing remarkable incidents are mentioned :-
self famous for his command over bees. Having come to
"One Mr Wildman, of Plymouth, has lately made him-
London in August last, he gave notice to Dr Templeman,
secretary to the Society for the Encouragement of Arts,
&c., that he would pay him a visit on Wednesday,
August 27, in the afternoon, in his bee-dress. Several
ladies and gentlemen, who had heard of this intended
visit, were assembled at the doctor's. About five o'clock
Mr Wildman came, brought through the city in a chair,
his head and face almost covered with bees, and a most
venerable beard of them hanging down from his chin,
which rendered his appearance truly reverend. The gen-
tlemen and ladies were soon convinced that they need
not be afraid of the bees, and therefore went up familiarly
to Mr Wildman, and conversed with him. After having
stayed a considerable time, he gave orders to the bees to
retire to their hive that was brought for them, which
they immediately obeyed with the greatest precipitation.
One thing said of him is amazing, which is, that Mr
Wildman, armed with his friendly bees, thinks himself
defensible against the fiercest mastiffs; and actually did,
at Salisbury, encounter three yard-dogs one after the
other. The conditions of engagement were, that he
should have notice of the dog being set at him.' Accord-
ingly, the first mastiff was let loose; and as he approached
the man, two bees were detached, who immediately stung
him, the one on the nose, the other on the flank: upon
receiving the wounds, the dog retired very much daunted.
After this, the second dog entered the lists, and was foiled
with the same expedition as the first. The third dog
was at last brought against the champion; but the ani-
mal, observing the ill success of his brethren, would not
attempt to sustain a combat; so, in a cowardly manner,
he retired with his tail between his legs. This extraor
dinary gentleman can tame wasps and hornets with almost
the same ease as he does bees.

lordship's seat at Wimbleton, in Surrey, September 17,
On an invitation from Earl Spenser, he went to his
where several persons of distinction were assembled.
The countess had provided three stocks of bees. The
first of Mr Wildman's performances was with one hive of
bees hanging on his hat, which he carried in his hand,
and the hive which they came out of in the other hand
which was to convince the earl and countess that he could
take honey and wax without destroying the bees. Then
he returned into the room, and came out again with them
hanging on his chin, with a very venerable beard. After
showing them to the company, he took them out upon
the grass-walk facing his lordship's window, where a
table and table-cloth were immediately brought out, and
he set the hive upon the table, and made the bees hive
therein; then he made the bees come out again, and
warm in the air, the ladies and nobility standing amongst

them, and no person stung by them; he made them go on the table, and took them up by handfuls and tossed them up and down like so many peas, handling them, however, very tenderly; then made them go into their hive at the word of command. Near five o'clock in the afternoon, he exhibited again with the three swarms of bees, one on his head, one on his breast, and the other on his arm; and then went in to his lordship, who was too much indisposed to see the former experiments; the hives which the bees were taken from were carried by one of the servants. He went into the room again, and came out with them all over his head, face, and eyes, and was led blind before his lordship's window. He then begged of his lordship that he would lend him one of his horses, which was granted. He then mounted the horse, with the bees all over his head and face (except his eyes), and breast, and left arm, with a whip in his right hand; the groom then led the horse backwards and forwards by his lordship's window for some time. Mr Wildman then took the reins in his hand, and rode round the house. He then dismounted, and made the bees march upon a table, and commanded them to retire to their hive, which they accordingly did; and gave great satisfaction to the earl, the countess, and the spectators.

Mr Barnes, a gentleman near Staines, in Middlesex, having a nest of hornets at the top of the inside of a high barn, sent to Mr Wildman, and desired his assistance to destroy them. Mr Wildman went upon the business, and took a hive with him up the ladder; and upon his approach to the nest, was stung by two of the insects. But he soon qualified their resentment, and put them into a hive, and afterwards drowned them."

A BACKWOODS EDITOR.

About twenty-five years ago, when a certain western state (which we shall not name) was a territory, and with few inhabitants, a young lawyer from one of the old states emigrated thither, and settled in the town of K. He succeeded admirably in his profession, and rose rapidly in popular favour. He had been there nearly two years, when he induced a printer to print a weekly paper, of which he was editor and proprietor. Squire S. was much pleased for a while with editing a paper. He was a man of very low stature, but he used the editorial "WE" as frequently as if there were a dozen of him, and each as big as Daniel Lambert.

Strange to say, there were at that time men in office who were not a particle more honest than they should be; a thing which probably never happened before, and never will again. Squire S. felt all the patriotism of a son of 76, and poured out grape and canister against public abuses. This soon stirred a hornet's nest about his ears; but as there was no other paper in the territory, there was no reply, and he enjoyed his warlike propensities in security.

At length, he published an article more severe and cutting, against malfeasance in office, than any that had preceded it. In fact, though pointed at no one individual in particular, it was a "scorcher."

Some three or four days afterwards, he was sitting alone in his editorial office, which was about a quarter of a mile from the printing establishment; his pen was busy with a paragraph, when his door opened without much ceremony, and in stalked a man about six feet in his stockings. He asked, "Are you S., the proprietor of this affirmative. The stranger deliberately drew the last paper ?" Thinking he had found a new patron, the little man, with one of his blandest smiles, answered in the number of the paper from his pocket, and pointing to the article against rogues in office, told the affrighted editor that it was intended for "him." It was in vain that S. protested he had never heard of him before. The wrath of the visiter rose to fever heat, and from being so long editor his choice, either to publish a humble, a very restrained, boiled over with double fury. He gave the alternative was wormwood; but what could he do? The humble recantation, or take a flogging on the spot. Either enraged office-holder was twice his size, and at one blow would qualify him for an obituary notice. He agreed to retract; and as the visiter insisted upon writing the retractation himself, he sat down to his task. Squire S. made an excuse to walk to the printing office, with a promise that he would be back in season to sign it as

soon as it was finished.

S. had hardly gone fifty rods, when he encountered a man who inquired where Squire S.'s office was, and if he was at home. Suspecting that he, too, was on the same errand as the other visiter, he pointed to the office, and told him he would find the editor within, writing a most The eyes of the new comer flashing fire, he rushed into the abusive article against office-holders. This was enough. office, and assailed the stranger with the epithets," liar, scoundrel, coward ;" and told him he would teach him how to write. The gentleman, supposing it was some bully sent there by the editor, sprang to his feet, and a fight ensued. The table was upset and smashed into fire-wood, the contents of a large jug of ink stood in puddles on the floor, the chairs had their legs and backs broken beyond the skill of surgery to cure them. This fury. Blow followed blow with the rapidity of lightning. seemed only to inspire the combatants with still greater found its way to their faces, till both of them cut the First one was kicking on the floor, then the other, each taking it in turn pretty equally. The ink on the floor most ludicrous figure imaginable. The noise and uproar exclaimed with astonishment, that two negroes were were tremendous. The neighbours ran to the door, and fighting in Squire S.'s office. None dared separate them. The circumstances of the case became known, and the At length, completely exhausted, they ceased fighting. next day, hardly able to sit on horseback, their heads bound up, they started homeward, convinced that they had attained very little satisfaction from their attempt. Louisville Advertiser.

LONDON: Published, with permission of the proprietors, by W. S. ORR, Paternoster Row.

Printed by Bradbury and Evans, Whitefriars.

here allude to the striae found upon the surfaces of rocks-of late to the battle of Braavalle, which took place in the