races, admits that, beyond any question, the settlement of the Race Question by this process in the United States is the most perplexing question which has ever come before the world for settlement.

Basing our intense opposition to this method upon precedent, we appeal to history to settle for the Southern race the question of the amalgamation of the races. I will be pardoned for a most apposite quotation from Dr. Palmer.

"1. Before all the others there is the problem of race in adjusting the relationship between two distinct people that must occupy the same soil. It is idle to blink it, for it stares us in the face wherever we turn; and the timidity or sensitiveness which shrinks from its discussion is equally unwise and unsafe, for the country needs to know the comprehensive principles which will compel its settlement. Under the old régime, the relation between the two was exceedingly simple, because it was domestic. The bonds were those of guardianship and control on the one side, of dependence and service on the other. All this is now changed, and the two races are equal before the law. The suddenness of this translation, without any educational preparation for the new position, was a tremendous experiment. It furnishes an illustration of the heroic boldness of American legislation, and its early and successful solution will afford the most conspicuous proof of the vigor of the national life. My own conviction is, that it is a far too delicate and difficult problem to be solved by

empirical legislation-either by the state on its political side, or by the Church on its ecclesiastical side. It must be patiently wrought out in the shape which an infinitely wise Providence shall direct—and it needs the element of time, with its silent but supreme assimilating and conciliatory influence. But so far as I can understand the teachings of history, there is one underlying principle which must control the question. It is indispensable that the purity of the race shall be preserved on either side; for it is the condition of life to the one, as much as to the other. The argument for this I base upon the declared policy of the Divine Administration from the days of Noah until now. The sacred writings clearly teach that, to prevent the amazing wickedness which brought upon the earth the purgation of the Deluge, God saw fit to break the human family into sections. He separated them by destroying the unity of speech; then by an actual dispersion, appointing the bounds of their habitations, to which they were conducted by the mysterious guidance of His will. The first pronounced insurrection against His supremacy was the attempt of Nimrod to oppose and defeat this policy; and the successive efforts of all the great kingdoms to achieve universal conquest have been but the continuation of that primary rebellionalways attended by the same overwhelming failure that marked the first. Among the methods of fixed separation between these original groups, was the discrimination effected by certain physical characteristics, so early

introduced that no records of tradition or of stone assign their commencement, and so broadly marked in their respective types as to lead a class of physiologists to deny the unity of human origin. I certainly believe them to be mistaken in this conclusion, and firmly hold to the inspired testimony that 'God hath made of one blood all nations of men, for to dwell on all the face of the earth.' But there is no escape from the corresponding testimony, biblical and historical, that the human family, originally one, has been divided into certain large groups, for the purpose of being kept historically distinct. And all attempts, in every age of the world, and from whatever motives, whether of ambitious dominion or of an infidel humanitarianism, to force these together are identical in aim and parallel in guilt with the usurpation and insurrection of the first Nimrod.

"However true that the specific varieties within these groups may safely intermingle and cross each other, the record of four thousand years confirms the fact that there can be no large or permanent commixture of these great social zones without ruin; and that ruin as complete as can be conceived, since it extends to the entire physical, intellectual, and moral nature. Follow the history of colonization by the Anglo-Saxon and Latin races respectively. The former, distinguished by what I may be permitted to term the instinct of race, has steadfastly refused to debase its blood by such a mixture; and over all the world, in all latitudes, their colonies have thriven. England, for example, boasts

to-day of her immense dependencies amidst the snows of Canada and the jungles of India. On the other hand, the latter, with a feebler pride of race, has blended with every people, and filled the earth with a mixed breedthe most emasculated to be found upon the globe, incapable of maintaining a stable government anywhere, or of developing the resources of the lands they burden with their presence."

Specifically let us see what has been the effect of the amalgamation upon the races.

Take for example the miserable inhabitants of West Griqualand of South Africa, hybrids of Dutch colonists and Hottentots, the Zambos of Western South America, mongrels of mixed European and the native Americans, the Portuguese-Malay half-castes of the East Indies, half-breeds of New Zealand, the Dutch-Malay halfbreeds of Java, the Mongolian and Slavic amalgamation of Russian Asia, and the Portuguese and Negro population of Brazil. In every one of these instances, there is to-day a living horrible example of the mixing of the primary races. It is only necessary for me to mention these without further discussing them. They are treacherous, low in intelligence, wretched in body and physical make-up, unstable as the water, entirely unfit for governmental affairs, miserable, wretched hybrids. The most wonderful example we have today of the mixing of the races is in Egypt, where for ages the project of amalgamating the Negro and the Caucasian has been tried under the protection of the

law, the Negro flowing in on one side and the Caucasian out on the other, thus furnishing the world's finest opportunity for the intermingling and commingling of the two primary races of the earth. Whenever the Caucasian would attempt to clear itself, it would be intermingled again by the influx of the Negro slaves. Is not Egypt a sufficient example of the ill effects of the philanthropic idea of some of our friends? A mongrel race without power or character, making a ruin of the land which for ages was the seat of the highest civilization on the face of the earth. The race never succeeded until it was put under the strong hand of the Anglo-Saxon. Is there need for fuller argument than we have before us in Mexico, South and Central America, and Hayti? Is it the time in the history of the world that the nation's life should be trifled with? The great problem of social and representative government has been settled by the Anglo-Saxon in this country. He has just levelled the forest, built the city, and opened the road. He has placed here the most magnificent civilization on the earth, founded, populated the state, levelled the mountain, and has destroyed all of the physical obstructions which have been before him. The vast spaces which the world considered could not be occupied for hundreds of years he has in one generation filled with smiling plenty and with the habitations of happiness and of pleasure. He will not stop here. His earth hunger is not appeased. He has settled largely the physical and governmental questions