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even intellectually, before the general inhabitants of the country in which you were located; because the means of doing so did not exist around you. If you survey the catalogue of a country circulating library, you will find that it contains chiefly the standard novels, with the current magazines, and such voyages and travels as have acquired a general popularity. With these you must rest contented, or draw your supplies from a district more advanced in intellectual culture. Now, the principle which is here illustrated holds good universally in social life.

If you are a parent, and see the imperfections of the prevailing system of education, you can not amend it until a teacher and a large number of parents shall have concurred in views similar to your own, and combined in the institution of an improved seminary. Many applications have been made to me for information where seminaries for rational education, particularly for females, were to be found; but until very recently, I could not tell, because none such, to my knowledge, existed. There are now some of these in various parts of the kingdom; but before they were instituted, individual parents were compelled, by social necessity, to place their children in schools of which they did not approve, because they could find no better. Nay, enlightened teachers have told me that their schools are arrested in their progress, and retained in arrear of their own knowledge and convictions of improvement, in consequence of the prejudices of parents rendering it unsafe for them to adopt new methods. The improved schools, so far as they exist, have been created by the enlightenment of parents and teachers, by the aid of the press, and by the general spread of knowledge.

Is any of us convinced that human life is rendered unnecessarily laborious by our present habits of competition, and does he desire to limit his hours of labor, and long ardently to enjoy more ample opportunities for exercising his moral and intellectual faculties ?-he soon discovers that while his neighbors in general continue to seek their chief happiness in the pursuit of wealth or the gratification of ambition, he can accomplish little toward realizing his moral desires. He must keep his shop open as long as they do; he must labor in his manufactory up to their full standard of time; or if he be a member of a profession, he must devote as many hours to business as they; otherwise he will be distanced in the race, and lose both his means of subsistence and his station in society. So true is this representation that, in my own day, many of the men who, without fortune, have embarked in public life-that is, who have taken the lead in public affairs, and devoted a large portion of their time to the business of the community-have ruined themselves and their families. Their competitors in trade, manufactures, or professional pursuits were dedicating their whole energies to their private duties, while they were dividing their attention between them and the public service; and they were, in consequence, ruined in their individual fortunes, and sank into obscurity and want. Yet it is certain that the business of the state, or of a particular town or city, should receive a due portion of attention from the inhabitants.

This dependence of individuals on the condition of the social circle in which they live, extends through all the ramifications of existence. Does any individual entertain higher notions of moral and religious duty than are current in his own rank and age ?-he will find, when he attempts to carry them into practice, that he becomes an object of remark to all, and of dislike and hostility to many. Does another perceive the dangers to health and comfort, in narrow lanes, small sleeping apartments, and ill-ventilated rooms and churches, and desire to have them removed?-he can accomplish absolutely nothing, until he has convinced a multitude of his fellow-citizens of the reasonableness and advantage of his projected improvements, and induced them to co-operate in carrying them into effect. Does any of us desire to enjoy more rational public amusements than those at present at our command?-he can not succeed, unless by operating on the understandings and tastes of thousands. Perhaps the highest social pleasure of life is that of familiar converse with moral and intelligent friends; but do we not feel that, from the limited cultivation of taste and intellect still prevalent, our social parties are too often cumbrous and formal displays of wealth and luxury, and occasions much more of ostentation than of pleasing and profitable mental excitement? It is only by a higher general education that this evil can be removed. It is the want of mental resources that causes the dull display.

But perhaps the strongest proof of the close connection between the public welfare and private interest is afforded by the effects of any great political or commercial convulsion. In 1825-6, we saw exten

sive failures among bankers, merchants, and manufacturers; and how universal was the individual suffering throughout all classes! Laborers could find no employment, and the shopkeepers who depended on The them had few customers, and of these many were unable to pay. great manufacturers who supplied these classes with clothing and articles for domestic use were idle; the house proprietor suffered for want of solvent tenants, and the landed proprietor found a dull and disadvantageous market for his produce. Contrast this picture with the condition of the country when the great branches of manufacturing industry are prosperous, and how different the happiness of individuals! Thus it appears, that even under the present system of the pursuit of individual interest, the real welfare of each individual is much more closely connected with that of his neighbors than is generally recognized. This proves that a fundamental element of individual advantage is public prosperity.

According to my humble conviction, therefore, the very first lesson relative to our social duties which should be given to the young, is to open their understandings to the great fact, that the precept of Christianity which commands us to love our neighbors as ourselves, is actually written in our individual and social constitutions, and must be practically realized before individuals can become truly prosperous and happy.

The precept has been generally interpreted to mean that we should do specific acts of kindness to the men who live locally in our neighborhood, or who are connected with us by ties of intimacy or kindred; but, although this is unquestionably one, and a very important application of it, the principle of the precept goes much farther. It enjoins us to arrange our social institutions and our whole practical conduct in such a manner as to render all simultaneously and, as nearly as may be, equally, happy; and apparently our nature has been constituted to admit of this being done with unspeakable advantage to all, whenever we shall thoroughly understand our constitution, its wants and capabilities. At present this principle is imperfectly understood, and certainly not generally acted on.

A few years ago we used to hear the maxim often repeated, that private persons had nothing to do with public affairs; that their business was to mind their shops, their manufactories, their professions, and their families, and to leave public matters to public men. The evil consequences of the world having followed this rule in past ages, may be read in the wide aberrations of many of our laws and institutions, and of our social condition, from the standards of reason and general utility. If you will peruse the pages of history, you will find the caprices of a single sovereign often leading to wars which spread devastation and misery among millions of people. These could not have been waged if the millions of persons on whom the calamities fell had considered the public interest inseparably connected with their own, and had had courage to exercise an enlightened control over the actions of their rulers. Another instance is presented in the history of the slave-trade. It proceeded from individual rapacity, and constituted the foulest blot that ever stained the fame of Britain. It enriched a few individuals at the expense of every principle of humanity, and in defiance of every Christian precept. At no period was it approved of by the general voice of the people; but each was too busy with his private affairs to make a simultaneous and general effort to arrest its progress. At last, growing intelligence and increasing morality, in the great body of the people, did produce this co-operation; and, after ages of crime and misery, it was extinguished, by the nation paying £20.000,000 for the freedom of the slaves. If the British people had been able earlier to insist on the cessation of this odious traffic, how much of human misery, besides the loss of the £20,000,000, would have been avoided! If we trace narrowly the great causes why our rulers have been permitted to waste the public resources, and incur the national debt, which now forms so great an impediment to public improvement, we shall find that too often the individuals of the nation were calculating the private gain which hostilities would yield to them. War created a demand for farm produce to maintain fleets and armies, for cloth to clothe them, and for iron to arm them, and so forth; and men shut their eyes to the fact that it was destroying the national resources, and that they themselves would, in the end, be forced to pay for all. Unfortunately the maxim that each of us should mind his private affairs, make gain of the public if he can, and leave public measures to public men, still reigns in too much vigor. The number of persons who take an enlightened interest in social welfare is still small so much is this the case, that even in this course of Lectures, the audience has diminished in proportion as I have left the interests of individuals, and proceeded to discuss those of the public. This indicates a humble degree of mental cultivation.

[TO BE CONTINUED.]

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THE LATE DR. JOHN

W. FRANCIS.

DR. JOHN W. FRANCIS. DR. JOHN WAKEFIELD FRANCIS, whose portrait accompanies this notice, has just completed his earthly career. He died at his residence in East Sixteenth Street, this city, on the morning of February 8th. He had for some time been slightly out of health, but was thought to be convalescent, and his death, at the time it occurred, was unexpected by most of his friends. His life has been a long and useful one, and his name will long be celebrated in the annals of medical science, and will live in his numerous contributions to the literature of his times.

He was born in this city on the 17th of November, 1789, and has resided here during almost his entire life. His father was a German, and his mother was of Swiss descent. At an early age he was placed in a printing-office in this city; but after working at the types for some years, spending his leisure hours in study, he entered an advanced class in Columbia College in 1807, and soon after commenced the study of medicine under Dr. Hosack. After taking his degree, which was in 1809, he went into partnership with Dr. Hosack, in the practice of medicine, whom he also assisted in the publication of a Quarterly, entitled The American Medical and Philosophical Register. He was appointed, in 1813, to the chair of Materia Medica in Columbia College, and soon afterward visited Europe for the purpose of perfecting his qualifications for the professorship. He there became acquainted with several of the most dis

tinguished individuals who adorned the walks of science at that time, among whom were Abernethy, Brewster, Cuvier, Gall, etc.

While in Europe he contributed several articles to Rees' Cyclopedia. In 1817 he became Professor of Medical Jurisprudence and the Institutes of Medicine in this city. In 1819 he was made Professor of Obstetrics, and retained the position until 1826, when all the Faculty resigned, and started what was known as the Rutger's Medical School. This lasted four years, and since its dissolution, Dr. Francis has devoted himself to the practice of his profession and the pursuit of litera

ture.

Besides his numerous medical publications, Dr. Francis was a prolific contributor to the magazines and newspapers. He was fond of the drama, was personally acquainted with many of the most distinguished actors, and wrote a series of theatrical reminiscences for one of the city papers; and he numbered among his personal friends many of the most distinguished literary characters and statesmen of his times. He was chosen the first President of theMedical Board of the Woman's Hospital; he was also one of the most conspicuous members of the Academy of Medicine, having been its President. As President of the New York Phrenological Society, he delivered an able address on its organization, and was a warm friend of Dr. Spurzheim.

Dr. Franois was a member of Calvary Church, was visited in his last illness by Rev. Dr. Hawks, and died without pain in, the full hope of a blissful immortality, leaving a widow and two sons to mourn his loss.

In the May number of the JOURNAL for 1858, we gave a very elaborate Phrenological Character and Biography of Dr. Francis, to which we refer subscribers who have the back volumes. We will here simply say that he had a very fine constitution and great vigor and activity of body and mind. His brain was large, and in the main well-balanced. His intellectual organs were large, especially those which give memory and the power of expression. He had also great energy, strong social feelings, and high moral developmen's, especially those which give sympathy and a beneficent spirit of patriotism and philanthropy. Dr. Francis was a good and useful man-his friends were numerous and cordial, and they will long cherish his memory.

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PHRENOLOGICAL CHARACTER.

MR. RAREY has a harmonious physical development; is smooth built; remarkably easy in motion, as if every joint were lubricated, and every part of his system hung on centers, so as to move easily. He has a smooth phrenological development, indicating harmony of feeling and thought, and a self-possessed equanimity of disposition and presence of mind. He has a great amount of nervous power, but it does not evince itself in him in a fidgety, sensitive, impatient, and excitable disposition; but, combined with a full share of the vital and motive temperaments, his nervous system is well sustained; and though his feelings are quick and his intellect rapid in action, he is not betrayed into impatience, or easily thrown off his balance. He has a right organization to be a soldier or a seaman. He can keep possession of his faculties in times of danger, responsibility, and excitement, and think as clearly in the midst of responsibilities as at any other time.

His ability in managing animals arises from this mental harmony and self-possession of which we have spoken, in conjunction with great natural magnetic power. He would show skill in controlling men, especially prisoners, sailors in mutiny, and soldiers who are disaffected or doubtful of their ability to obey orders without being annihilated by the foe.

He has a remarkably magnetic eye, and has large Individuality, Firmness, and Continuity, which enable him to fix his attention and concentrate his purposes upon a given thought, or thing to be done; and he has the power of impressing, by look and by touch, this calm sovereignty of his own will.

He has very large Order, and does everything by method, even the subjugation and training of his own disposition and motives; and whatever the temptation of the moment may bring to bear upon him to change his line of action, he is still able to hold his own purpose under such control that every element of strength in him remains concentrated to the point desired. In other words, there are no deserters, no cowards, no members of his mental faculties which dodge in the hour of need.

He has courage, but not cruelty; and in training a horse he never becomes angry, never loses his temper; and he evinces courage and power without any mixture of malignity or selfishness.

His moral organs are well developed. He has great natural kindness, a full share of respect and veneration, and love of the right and the true.

He has an excellent power to judge of character and motive, estimates strangers at a glance, and is rarely mistaken in this first impression. This faculty enables him also to

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understand animals, and thus comprehend their strong and weak points.

For years we have observed that those in whom the organ of Human Nature is strongly developed, have skill and capacity to train dogs, horses, and oxen; to produce obedience without cruelty, and to bring them into such intelligent subjection as to make them worth more in the market in consequence. Great horse-breakers and trainers we have known who would recognize valuable qualities in animals that were not generally appreciated by the community; and by training such animals for a few months, they would sell them for double their original value. Such men can succeed in horse-trading.

These talents, which are possessed by every man in various minor degrees, seem to find their culmination and highest excellence in Mr. Rarey, just as the talents for poetry and oratory are sometimes evinced by single individuals in such a degree as to render them conspicuous in their day and immortal in history.

Mr. Rarey's social organs are large, and he becomes not only strongly attached to men and animals, but is able to exhibit his friendship and affection so as to make an impression. Hence he is popular in society; and his moral sympathies, joined to his general mental harmony, render him polished in society and acceptable wherever he may be placed, even when among strangers, by whom his distinguishing talents and reputation are not understood.

BIOGRAPHY.

[For many of the facts in this sketch we are indebted to Frank Leslie's Illustrated Paper, the Rural New Yorker, and Wilkes' Spirit of the Times.]

MR. RAREY was born in Franklin County, Ohio, and is now in the thirty-third year of his age. His father was living in what was at that time almost a wilderness, neighbors being few and far between. John, being the youngest child, had no playmates, and being of a sociable nature, he soon found companions among the farm horses and colts, and it was a source of pleasure to his father, while at work in the fields, to take him out with him; and as soon as he was verging on three years, he was set astride of the plow horse, and in this (to him) exalted position had his natural fondness for the animal encouraged. At four he had his own pony, and soon became famous for riding out and visiting the neighbors, the nearest of whom were several miles away from the homestead. When he was twelve his father gave him a colt, which he broke to suit his own notions. This colt became one of the finest "trick horses." Stimulated by his success, he bought other colts, and took horses to educate. Such was his reputation, even while yet a youth, that he had pupils sent him from the distance of two or three hundred miles.

It was now conceived by him that his suc

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cess and experience could be reduced into a system. He had dim ideas that what he accomplished was merely the result of intelligent treatment of an animal naturally superior; and that the Creator, having intended the horse for the companionship of immortal beings, must have given the exalted animal intellectual endowments in harmony with his destined purpose. With this developing idea he now for the first time practically noticed that colts, however wild, allowed calves, sheep, and other domestic animals to associate with them; he therefore concluded that the colt was not by nature indifferent to society, but, on the contrary, was friendly with those who would offer no harm. With this notion he went to work and "scraped" up an intimacy with those wild colts, and soon was gratified to find his advances were not repulsed, but, on the contrary, rewarded with positive demonstrations of affection. The practical result im

HORSE-TAMER.

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mediately following this was, that he could catch and halter colts with perfect ease, while others could not come within their reach by many rods. Now was established for the first time clearly in his mind the law of kindness, which is the entire foundation of his system.

He practiced his art and acquired a considerable reputation in our Western States wherever he was known.

In the year 1858 he went to England, and in a brief time so well satisfied the eminent officials in authority of his undoubted power to perform the wonderful feats which rumor ascribed to him, that permission was given to him to exhibit his skill before the Queen of England and her Court. His success was complete; and afterwards, on several occasions, he exhibited before the Queen by special request. These experiments were repeated in Paris and the other courts of Europe, and always with unequivocal success. Royal Com

missioners examined his system and pronounced it valuable, exhibiting a means of perfectly controlling the nature of the wildest and most savage horses. Mr. Rarey was engaged to teach his method to the military officers both in the English and Continental services, and it may be said with justice, that he has inaugurated a new and humane system of taming the most savage of the equine species.

The main idea of Rarey's system seems to be the admirable blending of firmness with patience and kindness. It has been said that the struggle is tremendously severe, and that the horse lies sweating, quivering, and panting, as if his broken spirit was rushing out in streams of hot vapor from his nostrils. There is, however, one consideration overlooked. This desperate and prolonged struggle between the man and the beast for the mastery, only occurs when the subject is a horse of intractable temper and confirmed ferocity in all other hands. It is not to be supposed that in so great a horse-breeding, breaking, and training country as England Mr. Rarey would be long without having his system and himself put to the severest test that could be devised. A thoroughbred stallion was selected, whose ferocity had made him the dread and terror of the great breeding establishment at Swacliffe.

Cruiser was held to be the most savage and intractable horse in England, and upon him Mr. Rarey was to operate. While he was in training as a racer his ungovernable spirit had not displayed itself to any great extent, but he had given such indications, that John Day gave a warning to the man who took him to Swacliffe, not to take his halter off in any stable. In spite of the caution, the groom did so, and before they could get Cruiser out again, they had to take the roof off the building and lasso him from above. As he grew older he got worse, and he was confined in a box or stall lined with iron plates, from which he was not taken out at all for years.

The horse Cruiser-an animal possessing a fame that is world-wide-was bred by Lord Dorchester for racing purposes, and when in his three-year form was first favorite for the Derby -the great racing event of the year in England. Previous to the day set apart for the trial, bad temper displayed itself, and if we are rightly informed, when brought to the score, he ran away with and severely injured his jockey, thus clouding the hopes and aspirations of his owner and supporters. He was returned to the stable, but his violence increased to such extent that it was necessary to confine him in a box stall, and the mere mention of his name was sufficient to send a thrill of fear through the veins of all the jockeys in the kingdom. Several times his owner had almost concluded to shoot him, and would have done so were it not for the fact that he was the last representative of a strain of blood

which was famous in the sporting annals of thefast-anchored isle."

Cruiser was thus a prisoner when Mr. Rarey appeared before the English public as an expert in subduing horses with vicious dispositions, and making them useful and obedient. The animals experimented upon by Mr. Rarey in his earlier exhibitions were noted for evil habits, but Cruiser was unapproachable, and it was determined that the Yankee and this equine fury should meet and struggle for the mastery. Press and people were willing to award the meed of praise for whatever of merit there was in Mr. Rarey's system; "what had been accomplished was all very well-but just try Cruiser!" termined not to be frustrated in his plans, Mr. R. wrote to Lord Dorchester, requesting that Cruiser be forwarded to him in London. His Lordship replied, "that the horse could not be sent; Mr. Rarey must go for him. He had not been out of his box for three years, and to approach him was impossible without endangering life."

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When Mr. Rarey took him in hand he was a perfect fiend in temper and fury. The conflict was terrible, but mind gained a complete mastery over brute force. In course of time Mr. Rarey became proprietor of the animal. The once dreaded Cruiser is now the pet of his conqueror.

His victory over this noted horse set the seal upon the merits of his method for the taming of the most ferocious of horses.

At the farewell exhibition given by Mr. Rarey, at the Crystal Palace, London-which was a great ovation-Cruiser was introduced. He was not only no longer a dangerous and ferocious savage, but playful and docile.

The most furious subject at Mr. Rarey's last exhibition in England was an Irish mare, whose screams filled the transept before she was brought in. She was a powerful gray roan, and kicked, bit, reared, and howled in the most ferocious manner. Watching his opportunity, however, Mr. Rarey got his strap on her fetlock and finally overthrew her, to the delight of the vast audience, who at one time feared that she might get the better of of his cool courage and patience in her efforts to eat him up.

Mr. Rarey returned to his native country, bringing Cruiser with him, and during the month of January last appeared many times at Niblo's Garden, New York, and at the new Academy of Music, Brooklyn, and exhibited his wonderful powers before immense audiences, who were surprised and delighted with his performances on several of the worst horses that could be procured, including one wild and furious Mexican mustang. He has since appeared in Philadelphia, with like distinguished

success.

We remark, in closing, that Mr. Rarey must be regarded as a public benefactor, not merely in showing us how some of the most vicious of horses can be reclaimed from

their bad habits and made valuable, but in teaching the world how that noble animal, the horse, can be subdued to the will of man and to the highest capacity of usefulness; but chiefly does he deserve consideration for teaching how all this can be done without that savage treatment, which, while it is in the last degree cruel to the animal, is debasing to the character of the man himself who exercises it.

Few men who use horses or oxen appear to think that the exercise of the Christian law of kindness is of any account in their treatment and training, but use the roughest of language and the whip or club without consideration and without measure. All men men can not be equally successful. Rarey's eminent success to a great extent lies in his magnetic power and his patient, persevering firmness and equanimity of temper. All can follow his example to the extent of their capacities, and those who are so far destitute of the traits necessary to manage animals that they can not improve on the modes now prevalent on the streets and in the fields, should not be allowed to exercise their barbarism on the suffering ox or noble horse. Rarey is a reformer, and deserves the kind remembrance of all who love that noble animal which, in his highest uses, "Shares with his lord the pleasure and the pride."

PARENOLOGY IN PARLIAMENT.
ONCE, in that lofty capitol of thought,
The cranium, a long debate arose,

In which old timid CAUTIOUSNESS was brought
To tears; COMBATIVENESS to angry blows.
Unyielding FIRMNESS occupied the chair;
EVENTUALITY the records kept.

"MAN" was the question of discussion there-
"Was he a seraph, or a worm that crept ?"
CAUSALITY, whose full-orbed forehead shone,
A moon in the dark midnight of his hair,
Seemed like a monarch rising from his throne,

For nature crowned him king and leader there.
His words were few, but they were facts on fire;
His logic lightened, and he thundered truth:
"Man is God's greatest work, and should aspire
To heaven, commencing in the dawn of youth.
The universe," he said, "was built for him,

With the vast scaffolding of sun and star,
And the great future in the distance dim,

Speeding past ages from the times afar, Would raise him from the groveling dust below To noble manhood and to god-like deeds Make his emotions, like the rivers, flow, While his great heart grows broader than his creeds." Soon as the great logician stopped his speech, A little, pinched-up mummy of a man, With gimlet eyes, and lips like the black leech, And skin too stingy for his bones, began, In tones a cross betwixt a growl and squeal, To say, "The end of human life is gain. Man has a pocket, not a heart to feel,

And he who does not fill it lives in vain.
Rothschild, and not the child of God, I know
Is honored most on earth by young and old.
Gold is the god before which nations bow,
And man in heaven will mine the streets of gold."
These sentiments ACQUISITIVENESS poke,

Hard by the coffers where his wealth was hid,
When MIRTIFULNESS, brimmed over with a joke,
Cried, "Lock your ches', and sit upon the lid.
And when you die, to pay that debt you owe,
Leave all your hoarded treasures in your urn.
For they will surely melt where you will go,
And paper there, though well indorsed, will burn.
But since you bave no soul to lose or save,
You need not be afraid of pallid death;
No rent is paid by tenants of the grave,

No run upon its bank to draw a breath.”

All this the jolly speaker said, and more,

With laughter wreathing his good-natured face. "Will some ne m ve that I may take the floor ?" Said WIT, who scarce could find a standing-place. Fair as Adonis, plump of limb, and tall,

Wearing red lips and melancholy eyes. This neck, and head round as a cannon-ball, AMATIVENESS, whose words were winged with sighs,

With deep emotion, and in under-tones,

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Said, Now the truth transparently is seen, The hearts of loyal men were meant for thrones. Where lovely woman should be crowned the queen. To feel her soft heart pulsing in her palm

To win from her ripe lips one throbbing kissTo feel the pressure of her round, white arm, I'd risk my present and prospective bliss.

I would not have a president nor king

To rule the realm in which I live and move,
But some dear woman with a wedding ring

Should be my queen of hearts, and reign in love.
Heaven left more than its light in woman's eyes-
More than its beauty in her features fair,
A wingless watcher from the starr, skies,
The cuticle reveals the angel there."

Next VENERATION, with solemn air

And earnest countenance, arose to speak. He wondered at the nonsense uttered there,

And thought the sentiment was worse than weak.
Man should not worship woman. God alone
Should reign in every humar heart supreme.
He would not bear a rival near His throne,
So wake young love from his luxurious dream.

He must not forfeit his immortal soul
On the sweet altar of a lady's lips,
Nor drown his young heart in the coral bowl,
From which intoxicated passion sips.
He honored woman in her proper sphere,
But she was human only, not divine.

WIT laughed, and said, “that her circumference here
In hoops was twenty feet of crinoline.

She had been called a hemisphere"-a laugh

Rang from the open mouth and heart of MIRTH"Now she's man's better and his bigger half,

And love dreams that her sphere is heaven, not
earth."

Then CAUTIOUSNESS, white-haired and old, arose,
And, trembling, leaned upon his oaken crutch;
He wiped his watery eyes and blowed his nose,
Said he had much to say. "Why, then, say much,"
Said WIT. Now, this was more than he could
stand,

So down he sat, white as a ghost with fear,
Took down his spectacles with trembling hand,
And from the dim glass wiped a timid tear.
Then HOPE sprang to his feet, his radiant eyes
Illumed his cheerful face with joyful light,
As the bright glory of the evening skies

Floods with its beauty the fair brow of night.
His voice seemed like the ring of golden bells,
And his fresh heart beat in the healthy strain;
His words dropped in the soul like drops in wells,
That thirst agape for showers of summer rain.
In every cloud he saw an angel's wing-
In every storm a bow of promise bent:
He heard the heavenly choir of seraphs sing,
And saw God through the starry firmament.
He said a golden future waits to crown

Man with unfading wreaths of roses sweet,
That might shall not forever trample down
The right into the dust beneath its feet;
That those who plant their lives with noble deeds
Shall see them bloom in truth and living words,
As flowers spring up and blossom from the seeds
Scattered upon the soil by singing birds.
Next IDEALITY addressed the chair,

In richest language, classical and chaste;
On his broad forehead rolled a wave of hair,
A rose peeped from his button, near the waist.
He spoke of flowers of every form and hue,

Said that the beauty of the summer skies,
Sunshine and starlight, and the heavenly blue,
Had been repeated in the wild-flowers' eyes.

That jewel of the air, the oriole,

Bright skeins of sky and sunshine wove in strains, Embodiment of some sweet poet's soul,

Magnificent musician of the plainsHangs his moss cradle on the lonely tree, Where night shall watch it with a thousand eyes, And winds shall rock it with hands none can see, And God shall guard it with his sleepless skies. Behold the laureate of the list'ning air

Ascending to the sky at morn and even, Spirit of song climbing the starry stair,

With hymns for angels at the gate of heaven. These birds and blossoms teach the human race The lesson which the loyal heart will knowMan, like the flower, to heaven should turn his face, And wing his heart with song from vale below. "All that is very fine, indeed," said WIT; "Your language blossoms into sweetest song, But Pegasus and the poets need a bit

Of something in the mouth to help along. The halting footstep or the imping verse-" FIRMNESS, who filled with dignity the chair, Brought down the gavel, and in language terse Called WIT to order, and restored it there. SPIRITUALITY, as white as snow,

With his then hand upon his pulsing heart, Arese, and Light" was written on his brow, The flutter of the curtain made him start. For he, at first, supposed a ghost was near, Yet he was not afraid of ghouls and spooks, For his pure intuitions were as clear

As pebbles shining in the summer brooks.
"Man needs some holy angel here to guide
His wandering footsteps through this vale of tears,
Or he may step from virtue's path aside,
And scourge with wasting grief his future years.
My mental vision brings the distant near,

I see through substance and through space afar;
My soul has vision, and my heart can hear
The voices speaking in the morning star."
BENEVOLENCE stood up with smiling face,
Humanity upon his forehead shone,
And charity, with every sister grace,

Crowned him their monarch on his holy throne.
"For man-man's present and prospective weal,"
He said, "I'll give my purse, my hand, my soul,"
And then his feeling heart forced him to feel
Within his pockets, and he gave the whole.
His name stood first on the charitable list,
He never turned with scorn the poor away,
Nor held the doliar with convulsive fist,
For fear the little joker would not stay.
His hand was open like his generous heart,
His lips were musical with pleasant words;
Should he, alas! from this cold world depart,
We'd miss him, as the woods would miss the birds.

CONSTRUCTIVENESS next came, with rules and lines
Upon his brow and earnest-looking face;
His Jack-knife was a caution to the pines,

His pencil seldom failed to leave its trace.
"Man is a curious creature, and can build
Great Easterns, or a cable telegraph,
Make treaties with Japan, and have them filled
With words that would become an epitaph."
"That is, dead letters, I suppose you mean,"

Said WIT, his face aglow with radiant pun; "Our brother Jonathan is not so green,

He can not take good care of number one." Then IMITATION, personating Tom,

Save in complexion looked a very Jap, A regal visitor, indeed, fresh from

Great Jeddo, and the funny little chap

Wished in his heart the ladies loved him too;
'Twas laughable to see him-sly young coon!
He played his cunning tricks on belle and beau,
And asked a beauty to become Tycoon.

He said but little, though he acted much

Indeed, he made one think of that "What is it?" Barnum keeps: Joyce Heath's youngest orphan child Which any one for a few cents may visit,

If he will draw his admiration mild.

HOW MIRTHFULNESS did laugh to see the fun!
Wrr shook his head, and slapped his little knees,
When CALCULATION, Courting number one,

Said man was not designed for scenes like these.
He should add to his graces, and divide
His time among the virtuous and good;
Subtract no evil-practice far and wide
The Golden Rule, so little understood.
Up rose LOCALITY, who knew his place,
Though on the sea of fierce discussion tossed;
The square and compass on his brow and face
Made it impossible he should be lost.
"Though this world is a lonesome wilderness,
Without the heart here finds a kindred heart,
The compass nature gives to guide and bless-
With that, why should he from the right depart ?"
EVENTUALITY put down his pen,

Or, rather, pressed it close behind his ear, As though he meant to plume his organ when

He spoke, or wing the words the rest should hear. "Man," he said, with gravity," is but a scroll On which the record of a life is kept, And the chief end of the immortal soul

Is to remember where he fed and 'slept."" "The songs of this day may be statutes nextTunes are the best thoughts crystalized in sound," Said TUNE. LANGUAGE Was evidently vexed,

And spoke right up and down and all around.
His speech was free from thought, but fat of word—
Indeed, he had a cataract of syllables-

His lips, like the responding mocking-bird,
Could never put the thought in what it tells.
AGREEABLENESS did not rise at all-

He was too pleasant and polite to say
The studied compliments that sometimes call
A smile of joy, like sunshine by the way.
INHABITIVENESS said, "Wherever I roam,
Upon the land or on the yeasty sea,
There is no place in all the world like home-
Castle or cot, home is the place for me."
COMBATIVENESS said he would cross the main

To fight the champion on old England's shore;
Take off the belt, and then come back again,
And laugh to hear the British lion roar.
DESTRUCTIVENESS Vowed he would shed

The blood of mortal man who dare offend;
He liked tri-colors, blue and white and red,
Though painted without pencils by his band.
Though ALIMENTIVENESS worked well his jaws,
And opened wide his mouth, and frequently,
He did not speak, but opened it because

He loved to eat, and would not wait to dry.
Poor man! he had a stomach broad and deep,
And a capacious mouth well stretched to match;
He worked it on tobacco in his sleep,

And at the table kept it to the scratch.

SUBLIMITY stern as a mountain stood,
That looked upon the waiting hills below,
Before it burls upon the silent wood

Its awful avalanche of ice and snow.
Sun-crowned and tall, I saw him rise,
The admiration of the multitude;
His large orbs won their azure from the skies,
His veins with liquid lightning were imbued.
"Behold the oak," he said, "king of the vale—
He wears the thunder scars upon his breast,
And lifts his arms to wrestle with the gule

That comes with lightning armed across the waste. Amid its foliage the linnet sings

The song that mocks the poet's sweetest lay;
Above, a thousand years of widening rings,
Where nature's perfect record marks her way.

For written there upon the folded scroll,
Within the archives of the noble oak,
The history of the seasons as they roll
Is jotted down, pointed with lightning stroke,
So that the future wanderer o'er the plains,
In this fair land of rocks and wood-scenes wild,
May hear facts blossom into song, in s'rains
That please alike philosopher and child.

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