felonies are committed on his division he shall immediately forward special reports of the same to headquarters; such reports may be made by telephone.

16. A division commander shall report to the superintendent by telephone at 7.45 A.M. daily, and thereafter he shall be at his station house throughout the day, unless necessarily called away. Before leaving his post he shall inform headquarters as to the duty on which he has been called away and the name of the officer left in charge; and immediately upon returning to the station house he shall communicate the fact to headquarters. While in the station house he shall answer promptly and personally, as far as possible, all telephone calls from headquarters.

17. He shall attend personally at all roll-calls within the periods in which he is on duty, unless necessarily absent on police business; except that when there are no general or special orders requiring explanation he may absent himself after the roll-call at 5.45 P. M., leaving the roll at 6.15 F. M. to be called by the officer in charge for the first half of the night. At the roll-call he shall communicate all necessary information and orders, note and report all absentees, and carefully read and explain all special orders relating to the division, and all general orders and decisions of the commissioner.

18. He shall daily inspect the men, reform any negligence in attire, want of cleanliness or neatness, or other improper personal habit, and report to the superintendent every case of sickness, misconduct, neglect, or unfitness for duty.

19. He shall see that after the men arise in the morning the bed clothes are thrown back, curtains raised and windows opened wide in the sleeping rooms or dormitories in order to admit of free ventilation.

20. He shall instruct the men as to their conduct at fires or riots, in making arrests or complaints, as to defects in the highways, nuisances and accidents, in procuring information, or other matters pertaining to their duty. He shall see that each officer has a copy

of the rules of the department, and studies and obeys them; and that general orders, besides being read at roll-call, shall be so displayed as to be accessible for individual reading.

21. He shall frequently inspect or cause to be inspected, as described in chapter 274, Acts of 1907, "theatrical exhibitions, public shows, public amusements and exhibitions of every description to which admission is obtained upon payment of money or upon the delivery of any valuable thing, or by a ticket or voucher obtained for money or any valuable thing, or in which, after free admission, amusement is furnished upon the deposit of money in a mechanical device known as a nickel-in-the-slot machine or penny-in-theslot machine or other similar machine."

He shall watch not only for exhibitions that are actually obscene but for those that are degrading or suggestive of immorality, especially when the conditions are such as to attract persons of immature years, and shall report findings of such character to the superintendent, in order that exhibitions which are not sufficiently flagrant to warrant prosecution in court may be reached through the licensing authority.

22. Division commanders and all other officers are instructed that when persons who are destitute or apparently destitute are found at their places of residence by the police, the promptest possible notice should be sent by them to the Overseers of the Poor at their office, or to their district agent. Should immediate relief seem to be necessary it may be solicited by the police from any proper local source, but publicity must not be given by them to any such case. The destitute have rights of privacy which ought to protect them from the public exposure of their misfortunes.

RULE 23.— LIEUTENANTS.

1. Lieutenants not on special duty will be assigned to divisions, and shall assist their respective division commanders as directed by them or by the superin

tendent, and in accordance with the regulations. Their duty shall be performed by day or by night, and may include patrol or station house service. When a lieutenant is in command of a division, whether on a regular tour of duty or in the continued absence of the division commander, he shall be held to a full responsibility for the conduct of affairs within the division. Except when otherwise ordered by the commissioner or the superintendent, the senior lieutenant of a division shall assume the duties and the authority of the division commander when that officer is absent on leave or because of illness or vacation, or when there is a vacancy in the command.

RULE 24.— SERGEANTS.

1. The quality of the work done by a division sergeant is of great importance to the department and to himself. He is in close contact with the public and with the patrolmen in his division and his failure or his success in dealing with the men under him and in seizing opportunities for effective police work determine largely his chance of promotion not only to the grade of lieutenant but to still higher grades in the force.

2. Sergeants shall have immediate charge of the patrolmen on their routes, shall instruct and assist them in their duties, and shall be responsible for their general appearance, good order and discipline. A sergeant should not be a military martinet, but more especially should he not fall into the error of becoming too familiar with the men whom he commands. He has undertaken distinct duties of importance and his neglect of them is more likely to arouse the contempt than to win the liking of the patrolmen. It is often in the power of a sergeant to correct in the beginning a fault in a patrolman which if allowed to continue and to grow may lead to his disgrace and discharge.

3. The duties of individual sergeants assigned to divisions shall be regulated from time to time by the respective division commanders under the direction of

the superintendent; but the following general procedure shall be observed in all divisions except Division 8, and there, also, in so far as it applies to the harbor service.

4. The proper place for all division sergeants when on active duty is in the streets of the division. There they must remain unless called elsewhere for police purposes, going to the station houses only to receive and carry out such orders as may be given to them by the officer in command. Division commanders will be held responsible for the effective employment of all sergeants assigned to their respective divisions.

5. Sergeants shall inspect separately the men of their respective platoons as soon as they are formed preparatory to marching on patrol or other duty, and shall see that they are properly uniformed and equipped, and that they have with them keys to the police signalboxes.

6. They shall leave their several station houses with their respective platoons on each tour of duty, and thereafter shall constantly and faithfully patrol their respective divisions; visit each route, when practicable, as often as twice in each tour of duty, with frequent changes in the order of visitation; ascertain the presence of each man at his proper place; and aid in the enforcement of every duty.

7. They shall carefully note, and impartially report to the officer in command of the division, the case of every patrolman absent from his route, or guilty of other neglect of discipline or duty; and their failure so to report shall be sufficient cause for suspension, reduction in rank, or discharge from service.

8. Sergeants on street duty at night shall alternate on the first and second tours of night duty and on the first day of each month shall change from one night platoon to the other.

9. The sergeants in each division shall together keep a journal of their daily duties, which shall be one of the books of record.

RULE 25.- PATROLMEN.

1. Every patrolman shall hold himself in readiness at all times to answer the calls and obey the orders of his superior officers. He shall treat his superiors with respect, and in his demeanor towards his associates on the force he shall be courteous and considerate, guarding himself against envy, jealousy, or other unfriendly feeling, and refraining from all communications to their discredit, except to his superior officers, whom it is his duty, as it is the duty of every member of the force, to inform of any neglect or disobedience of orders on their part that may come to his knowledge. He shall conform to the rules and regulations of the department, observe the laws and ordinances, and perform his duty with zeal, courage, discretion and fidelity.

2. He shall keep a private record of his work, with day and date, and shall enter therein all matters of importance in all work in which he is engaged in his official capacity, whether at court, on his route, or elsewhere, and also any other matter of importance connected with the police of the city that comes to his knowledge.

3. He shall, each day, at such times as shall be appointed, make report to the officer in charge of the station house of all that he has done, and all important information that has come to his knowledge during the previous twenty-four hours, or since his last report, exhibiting his record book, if requested.

4. As, by virtue of his appointment, he can act officially in criminal matters only, he shall not render assistance in any civil case whatever, except to prevent a breach of the peace, or to suppress a disturbance actually commenced; nor shall he serve any warrant of search without permission of his superior officer. When an ejectment is made for nonpayment of rent, or any other cause, or when disputes arise between parties upon civil matters, he shall not give assistance to either, or interfere between them, unless it be neces