numbered two hundred and fifty men. In 1857 sergeants were first appointed. In 1870 the detective force was abolished.

A uniform was adopted in 1858. Plain clothes, with special badges, had previously been worn by the men. In 1847 a white ribbon, with the word "Police" in black letters, was worn on the hat. In 1848 a leather hat strap, with the word "Police" in silver letters, was adopted, and in 1849 the officer's number was added. In 1853 the badge consisted of a six-pointed, oblong brass star, worn on the breast, and the following year this was supplanted by a five-pointed, octagon silver star. In 1856 an octagon silver badge, with number cut through, was adopted. In 1868 the badge was a silver urn worn on the hat; later in the same year the badge was changed to the breast. In 1870 a facsimile of the city seal, in silver, was worn on the breast. In 1879 the badge now worn was adopted. In 1701 the watch was ordered to carry a "hook with a bill," which in 1855 gave place to a police club. Canes were also carried, sometimes a light rattan and sometimes a stout hickory stick, until 1863, when the belts and long clubs were introduced. Watchmen's rattles were adopted in 1796, and were retained until 1868. In 1735 the watch was ordered to cry the time of night and state of the weather, and the custom did not cease until 1821.

AN ACT TO PROVIDE FOR THE APPOINTMENT OF A LICENSING BOARD AND A POLICE COMMISSIONER FOR THE CITY OF BOSTON.

[ACTS 1906, CHAP. 291.]

Be it enacted, etc., as follows:

SECTION 1. The governor, with the advice and consent of the council, shall appoint from the two principal political parties three citizens of Boston, who shall have resided therein for at least two years immediately preceding the date of their appointment, who shall constitute a licensing board for said city and who shall be sworn to the faithful performance of the duties of their office before entering on the same.

They shall not be in the employ of any person or corporation engaged in the manufacture or sale of intoxicating liquors, or in any way, directly or indirectly, pecuniarily interested in the manufacture or sale of intoxicating liquors, or in any business which requires a license to be issued by them.

One member of said board shall be designated by the governor as chairman and two members shall constitute a quorum. Their terms of office shall be so arranged and designated at the time of appointment that the term of one member shall expire on the first Monday of June, nineteen hundred and eight, of another on the first Monday of June, nineteen hundred and ten, and of the third on the first Monday of June, nineteen hundred and twelve. Upon the expiration of the term of any member of said board, the governor, with the advice and consent of the council, shall appoint his successor for the term of six years. Vacancies in the board shall be filled by the governor, with the advice and consent of the council, for the unexpired term. The members of said board

may be removed by the governor, with the advice and consent of the council, for such cause as he shall deem sufficient. Such cause shall be stated in the order of removal. The board shall appoint a secretary, who shall be exempt from the civil service law, who shall be sworn to the faithful performance of the duties of his office, and who shall keep a record of all proceedings, issue all notices and attest such papers and orders as said board shall direct. His term of office shall be six years, but he may be removed by said board for such cause as it shall deem sufficient. Such cause shall be stated in its order of removal.

SECT. 2. The annual salary of the chairman of said board shall be four thousand dollars, that of each of the other two members thirty-five hundred dollars, and that of the secretary twenty-five hundred dollars. Such salaries shall be paid in monthly installments by the city of Boston. Subject to the approval of the governor and council, said board shall be provided with such rooms, in the headquarters of the police commissioner hereinafter named, as shall be convenient and suitable for the performance of its duties, the rent of which shall be paid by the city of Boston. Said rooms shall be suitably furnished and equipped, and the expense therefor shall be paid by said city upon requisition of said board.

SECT. 3. Said board may employ such clerks, stenographers and office employees, and such legal assistance, as it may deem necessary, and the expense thereof and all incidental expenses incurred by the board in the performance of its duties and the exercise of its powers shall be paid by said city upon requisition of the board.

SECT. 4. Except as otherwise provided herein, said board shall exclusively exercise in said city all the powers and perform all the duties conferred or imposed upon the board of police of the city of Boston, and upon licensing boards by sections ten to ninety, both inclusive, of chapter one hundred of the Revised Laws and amendments thereof, relative to intoxicating liquors, and by

chapter one hundred and two of the Revised Laws and amendments thereof, relative to innholders and common victuallers.

Said board shall also exercise, except as otherwise herein provided, all the powers and perform all the duties now conferred or imposed by law upon the board of police of the city of Boston, relative to the licensing of picnic groves, skating rinks, intelligence offices, billiard tables and bowling alleys.

All licenses issued by said board shall be signed by a majority of the members thereof and shall be recorded in the office of said board, and all fees for said licenses shall be paid into the treasury of said city.

SECT. 5. Said licensing board shall annually in the month of December make a report to the governor.

All records of said board shall at all times be open to the inspection of the governor, the mayor of said city, and of such persons as may be designated by either of them.

SECT. 6. Said board shall certify to the police commissioner hereinafter mentioned the name of each applicant for a license, the name of each person to whom a license is issued, the date when each license goes into effect, the kind or class of the license, every change of location or place of business for the exercise of such license, and every transfer of a license ordered by it.

SECT. 7. The governor, with the advice and consent of the council, shall appoint a single police commissioner for the city of Boston, who shall be a citizen of Boston and who shall have resided therein for at least two years immediately preceding the date of his appointment. Such police commissioner shall not engage in any other business and shall be sworn to the faithful performance of the duties of his office before entering upon the same. Said police commissioner shall be appointed for a term of five years, beginning on the first Monday in June, in the year nineteen hundred and six, and shall

hold his office until his successor is appointed and qualified, and any vacancy occurring shall be filled by the governor, with the advice and consent of the council, by an appointment for a term of five years.

Said police commissioner may be removed by the governor, with the advice and consent of the council, for such cause as he shall deem sufficient. Such cause shall be stated in his order of removal.

Said police commissioner shall appoint a secretary, who shall be exempt from the civil service law, who shall be sworn to the faithful performance of his duties and who shall keep such records, issue such notices and attest such papers and orders as said police commissioner shall direct. His term of office shall be five years, but he may be removed by said police commissioner for such cause as he shall deem sufficient. Such cause shall be stated in his order of removal.

SECT. 8. The annual salary of the police commissioner shall be six thousand dollars, and of the secretary three thousand dollars, which shall be paid in monthly installments by the city of Boston. Subject to the approval of the governor and council, the police commissioner shall be provided with such rooms, which shall be suitably furnished, as shall be convenient and suitable for the performance of his duties, the expense of which shall be paid by the city of Boston.

The city of Boston shall provide all such accommodations for the police of said city as said police commissioner may require. All buildings and property used by said police shall be under control of said police commissioner.

Said police commissioner may employ such clerks, stenographers and other employees as he may deem necessary for the proper performance of the duties of his office.

All expenses for the maintenance of buildings, the pay of the police, clerks, stenographers and other employees, and all incidental expenses incurred in the