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President Foote and Speaker Colfax also had seats at the Speaker's table.

"Chief Justice Chase with the associate justices of the Supreme Court of the United States entered in full official robes of black and were seated to the left of the President and Cabinet.

"Le Miserere from 'Il Trovatore' was executed by the Marine Band. Again we bowed our heads in prayer which was most fervently offered by Rev. Dr. Boynton.

“Vice-President Foster arose and after a few impressive introductory remarks, introduced the Hon. George Bancroft.

“His oration was a masterly production. He reviewed the history of our Republic from its earliest period, showing the influence which slavery has exerted in our national polity until it culminated in rebellion and the murder of our illustrious chief. He gave a scorching review of the Dred Scott decision, which will fasten upon it fresh opprobrium. His history of the early life and career of Mr. Lincoln was graphic and touching. He gave a just and discriminating analysis of his character and prominence to the leading events of his administration. Portions of his address were received with great applause. The names of Cobden and Bright were heartily cheered.

“The whole oration does justice not only to the lamented dead, but to the orator and the people for whom he has so nobly spoken." Nemesis marked the murderers. Large rewards were offered for their capture. Payne, the wretch who attempted Mr. Seward's murder was first arrested. Boothe, and his associate Harrold were traced through the counties of Prince George, Charles and St. Mary in Maryland, across the Potomac into King George and Caroline in Virginia. They passed the Rappahannock at Port Conway, and advanced some distance toward Bowling Green. Some colored men and a paroled rebel prisoner gave information which put the pursuers directly on their path, and they were tracked and brought to bay on the morning of April 26th, in a barn on the place of Mr. Garrett. Harrold surrendered. Boothe was defiant and desperate, and Boston Corbett shot him. He lingered some hours in intense pain and died. It came out that as he leaped from the box of the theater, and fell upon the stage, he fractured a small bone. Thus, unable to

halt for treatment, he was driven to bay-smoked out like a wild beast and shot like a hyena where he stood! He was not permitted to put on heroic parade and play the orator on the scaffold, but by swift and terrible retribution was sent to his account.

Azterodt, O'Laughlin, Spangler, Dr. Mudd, Arnold and Mrs. Surratt were arrested. On the 8th of May a Military Commission was convened and these parties brought to trial. Harrold, Azterodt, Payne and Mrs. Surratt were sentenced to be hanged, and the Executive order carried the sentence into effect July 7th. O'Laughlin, Arnold and Dr. Mudd were sentenced to imprisonment at hard labor for life, and Spangler for six years.

So falls the curtain upon this terrible tragedy.

CHAPTER II.

BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA.

ACTION OF WASHINGTON AUTHORITIES-ROSECRANS' ADVANCE-BRAGG OCCUPIES CHAT-
TANOOGA- -STANLEY'S ADVANCE-SUCCESSES-PLAN OF FEDERAL CAMPAIGN-BURN-
SIDE'S COLUMN REACHES KNOXVILLE-ORDERS-ROSECRANS REACHES CHATTANOOGA
-BRAGG EVACUATES THE CITY-PURSUIT-ORDERS TO HURLBUT, GRANT, SHERMAN,
POPE AND SCHOFIELD FOR REINFORCEMENTS-BRAGG AT LAFAYETTE--CAVALRY RAIDS
-ADDED REBEL FORCES-ROSECRANS MISTAKEN-HIS LINE-CHICKAMAUGA CREEK-
NEGLEY-POSITION-BRAGG WAITS-THE 17TH-CHANGE OF FEDERAL LINES-18TH,
ORDER OF BATTLE-SATURDAY THE 19TH-MINTY AND WILDER-OUR LINE-BATTLE
OPENS-NO DECISIVE RESULTS-NIGHT--CHANGED ORDER-REBEL ORDER-SABBATH
THE 20TH-BATTLE OPENS-THE FOURTEENTH ARMY CORPS-DESPERATE FIGHTING—
ORDER TO WOOD-OUR ARMY BROKEN IN TWO-IS THE DAY LOST? "ROCK OF
CHICKAMAUGA"-THOMAS' NEW POSITION-CARNIVAL OF DEATH-POSITION HELD
A GAP DISCOVERED-GRANGER IN TIME-HALLECK'S REPORT-DAY SAVED!-LOSSES
-EFFECT ON THE TWO COMMANDERS-BURNSIDE-KNOXVILLE-SIEGE RAISED-ILLI-
NOIS SOLDIERS.

TH

HE record of the campaigns which succeeded Vicksburg and Gettysburg must be brief. In the West, Illinois was represented on every field. At Chickamauga a sanguinary battle was fought, and while the hero of Stone River lost his laurels, his wily competitor also came into disgrace-Rosecrans defeated, held the field; Bragg successful, was compelled to retreat.

In June, 1863, the authorities at Washington were convinced that Bragg's army was being weakened to strengthen Lee, and urged Rosecrans to bring on a contest with him, and destroy or drive him back into Georgia. The General, with his associates, hesitated on the grounds of a deficiency in cavalry, and the importance of fighting near his base-Murfreesboro. Nevertheless he commenced on the 25th a series of maneuvers, which, without a great battle, com

pelled Bragg to abandon Middle Tennessee, and retreat upon Chattanooga. General Stanley occupied Shelbyville, and, leaving it in command of General Granger, moved forward to Huntsville.

In these preliminary movements, the Federal success was marked; 1,634 rebel prisoners were captured, with six pieces of artillery and a large amount of stores. Bragg reached Chattanooga and strongly fortified his position on the south side of the Tennessee River, as far up as Blythe's Ferry.

A grand campaign was designed. Rosecrans with the main column was to move on Chattanooga from Tullahoma and Winchester, while the Army of the Ohio, under Burnside, should move from Lexington, Kentucky, via Knoxville. Rosecrans marching almost due east about eighty miles, Burnside south about two hundred. Burnside moved August 21st, and reached Knoxville on the 3d of September, which surrendered unconditionally on the 9th, with 2,000 prisoners, fourteen pieces of artillery, with military stores.

Burnside telegraphed that he held Cumberland Gap with all of East Tennessee above Loudon, with the gaps of the mountains of North Carolina, and was directed by General Halleck, to concentrate the principal portion of his victorious legions on the Tennessee, west from Loudon, to co-operate with Rosecrans, who was to cupy Dalton or some point on the railroad, to close all access from Atlanta, and also the mountain passes in the West."-[Halleck's Order, September 11, 1863.

OC

Rosecrans advanced on Chattanooga, and found it too strong to be carried by assault, and by a series of masterly maneuvers compelled Bragg to abandon his strong hold and retreat, and the federal left wing entered the city. Bragg retreated toward Clenland and Dalton, important points on the triangle of the Western and Atlantic Railway.

Rosecrans pushed on in pursuit, and the authorities at Washington fearing Bragg was being reinforced by the flower of Lee's army telegraphed on the 13th of September to General Hurlbut at Memphis, to leave Steel to defend himself and send all his available strength to Corinth and Tuscumbia, to aid Rosecrans, and in the event that Bragg should attempt to turn the Federal right and recross the river into Tennessee Hurlbut was to send to Sherman for

help. Generals Grant and Sherman were also telegraphed at Vicksburg with similar directions. On the 14th, Hurlbut and Burnside were directed to hurry forward reinforcements with all possible speed. And similar orders were given to General Pope, in command of the Northwest, and General Schofield, of Missouri.

On the 14th, the enemy was concentrated near Lafayette, Georgia. By repeated cavalry raids he had threatened the severance of Rosecrans from his supplies and to thrust the rebel wedge between him and Burnside, but was in fact awaiting reinforcements, which were reaching him. Johnston's troops from Mississippi, and the men captured at Vicksburg and Port Hudson, and with the usual rebel candor declared exchanged, were there, and Bragg only awaited the arrival of Longstreet with his veteran corps, when he meant to avenge, amid Georgian mountains, his army for its defeat at Stone River. General Rosecrans, deceived by the easy capture of Chattanooga, into the belief that Bragg was demoralized was pressing on to capture him with his whole army. His line stretched from Gordon's Mills to Alpine-forty miles-occupying the passes of Lookout Mountain. On Wednesday, the 16th, he concentrated on West Chickamauga Creek, about ten miles northwest from Lafayette, Georgia, with headquarters at Crawfish Spring.

The strength of the rebel force began to be felt when General Thomas directed Negley to debouch through a pass of Pigeon Mountain and at the moment met so staunch a resistance as to compel a hasty retreat. This caused the Federal leaders to consider whether Bragg meant to fight or to secure his retreat, and they decided that he meant battle. McCook was next day moving back on Lookout Mountain, with orders to close on the center, while Crittenden, at Gordon's Mills, placed his corps in good position for defense.

Rosecrans held the ground west of the creek, the left on Gordon's Mills, while Bragg was east of the stream, with a position favorable for masked movements. Had he hurled his legions on Rosecrans immediately after Negley's repulse he would have crushed him. McCook and Thomas were separated nearly three days' march; Crittenden could send no help to Thomas without exposing Chattanooga and Thomas could not go to Crittenden without leaving McCook at the mercy of the rebel force. But Bragg waited, and, on

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