In addition to this work, one thousand and ten feet of Eaton's tunnel have been securely arched. The arching of three additional tunnels upon this line will be immediately commenced. Although the remainder of these tunnels are quite securely timbered, yet it is the policy and determination of the Company, in view of the important and large business of this branch, and our desire to develop its advantages in every possible form, to press energetically the work of arching every tunnel upon the lines as rapidly as it can be judiciously performed.

"The arrangements of this line extend from Baltimore, via Parkersburg, and the Marietta and Cincinnati road, to Cincinnati and the Southwest, and via Bellair and the Central Ohio road to Columbus, and all points in the West and Northwest. The rapid improvements effected by heavy expenditures upon the Parkersburg branch, and the approaching completion of the arching of its tunnels, combined with the great improvements effected upon the line of the Marietta and Cincinnati road, especially in connection with the use of the direct line into the western part of the city of Cincinnati, will enable this Company, with these connections, during the next season, to furnish the best and shortest possible line for passengers and freight between Cincinnati and Baltimore and Cincinnati and Washington.

"The establishment of the line of steamships between Baltimore and Liverpool has answered the most sanguine expectations formed in regard to this enterprise. During this period, our steamers have made fourteen. voyages with passengers and full cargoes to Liverpool,

and twelve voyages with full cargoes and large numbers of passengers from Liverpool. It was anticipated that arrangements would have been made prior to this time for a line of large ships, which the increasing business of the port requires; but in consequence of the derangements caused by the European war, the requisite arrangements were deferred. Negotiations are again pending, which it is hoped will result in securing large iron steamers, of a capacity and character suitable for the extensive business now offering for the line."

In order to shorten the distance between Washington and the West, the Company have long entertained the design of constructing a road from Point of Rocks, near Harper's Ferry, direct to Washington. The route for this line has been surveyed, and it is the intention of the Company to proceed with the construction of the road as soon as possible.

The following statement shows the total earnings of the road, the total expenses, and the net earnings of the road, for a series of years. It is certainly a most gratifying exhibit for the stockholders.

Earnings of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, including the Washington and Parkersburg branches.

The following is a list of the officers of the Company:

John W. Garrett, President; John King, Vice-President; J. J. Atkinson, Treasurer; J. L. Wilson, Master of Transportation; G. R. Blanchard, General Freight Agent; L. M. Cole, General Ticket Agent; John W. Brown, General Passenger Agent.

There are three great railroads in America, on which the courage and skill of the engineer have surmounted, with peculiar triumph, the tremendous barriers to his advance which Nature had set up. These roads are the New York and Erie; the Pennsylvania Central as it crosses the Alleghany Mountains; and the Baltimore and Ohio. We shall proceed to speak of some examples on the latter road.

At Tunnelton, nineteen miles east of Grafton, the grand scenery of the Cheat River region begins (to the traveller going eastward). It is at this part of the road, also, that some of the greatest feats of railway engineering have been achieved. Those who desire to understand the power of science in conquering nature by means of iron and steam, will here find abundant examples. Here is a great railroad, which, at the will of man, has been made to pass over, under, and around, the rugged Alleghany Mountains. To the unscientific eye, it would appear impossible that a railroad could be built so as to cross the mountains in this region, under any circumstances, so proudly do they lift their heads into the clouds, and so steep and precipitous are their tempest-washed sides. But not so thought the engineer of the road, Benjamin H. Latrobe. Day after day did this enthusiastic votary

of railroad science spend in reconnoitring these mountain steeps, and in wandering through what was then an unbroken solitude. Victory rewarded him at last. The great Kingwood tunnel is only one of the monuments of his genius. It is four thousand one hundred feet long, and its construction cost the Company a million of dollars. Between Tunnelton and Rowelsburg there is a constant succession of marvels of railway work. The Tray Run Viaduct is one of these; a light and graceful structure, yet so firm in its welded strength that thousands of tons of merchandise pass over it daily without causing the least oscillation of its airy arches. This viaduct is built entirely of iron. It is six hundred feet long: it rests upon a massive base of masonry as firm as the mountain itself; and it is one hundred and fifty feet above the water in the little stream beneath.

For several miles, on this part of the line, the road runs along the steep mountain side, presenting a succession of the most delightful landscapes. At Cranberry Summit, two hundred and forty-two miles west of Baltimore, the traveller will nearly have reached the top of the Alleghany Mountains. Here, looking back to the westward, can be seen the grand panorama of the long, gradual sweep of the Alleghanies towards the Ohio River, up which, to the present surprising altitude, the traveller has climbed, without effort, and almost unconscious of the ascent. At Oakland, two hundred and thirty-two miles west of Baltimore, the traveller will be tempted to stop for a short time, if his journey is in the summer, at the Glades Hotel. "The Glades" are the mountain meadows, a region on the

high table land at the summit of the Alleghany Mountains. At this height the air is extremely rarefied and cool, during the heats of summer. The landscape

abounds in groves of the beautiful white oak, and in copious streams of the purest and clearest water, kept full and fresh by the clouds that condense around the summits; and abounding with delicious trout. It pastures innumerable herds of sheep, the tenderness and flavor of whose flesh rival that of the deer which abound in the woods. Wild turkeys and pheasants hide among its oaks, beeches, walnuts, and magnolias; the groves of sugar-maple trees resound with the songs of larks, thrushes and mocking birds; while a profusion of wild flowers completes the attractions of this mountain paradise. It is no wonder that many families from Baltimore come to the Glades Hotel to spend a few weeks in the hot summer months.

At Altamont, two hundred and twenty-three miles west of Baltimore, the traveller finds himself at the surprising altitude of two thousand seven hundred feet above that city, and upon the extreme summit of the Alleghany Mountains. It is here that the mountain streams divide, flowing in one direction towards the Potomac River, the Chesapeake Bay, and the Atlantic Ocean, and in the other towards the Ohio River, the Mississippi, and the Gulf of Mexico. Mr. Prescott Smith, lately and for many years the Master of Transportation of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, who is as poetical as he is practical, has made the beautiful suggestion that these waters, thus divided on the summit of the Alleghany Mountains, unite again in the broad Atlantic, amid the turbid waves of the Gulf Stream. Nor