7. From New York to Cincinnati by way of Miles. Dunkirk, Cleveland, and Columbus:

Namely, from New York to Dunkirk, on the New York and Erie road, four hundred and sixty miles; Dunkirk to Cleveland, one hundred and forty-three miles; Cleveland to Cincinnati, two hundred and fifty-eight miles.

8. From New York to Cincinnati by way of Salamanca, as above:

9. From New York to Cincinnati, by the Allentown route, Pittsburg, and Columbus, as above:

III. FROM PHILADELPHIA TO THE WEST.

1. From Philadelphia to Chicago:

Namely, from Philadelphia to Pittsburg, on the Pennsylvania Central Railroad, three hundred and fifty-five miles; from Pittsburg to Chicago, by the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne, and Chicago Railroad, four hundred and sixty-eight miles.

2. From Philadelphia to St. Louis:

Namely, from Philadelphia to Pittsburg, three hundred and fifty-five miles; from Pittsburg to Columbus, Ohio, one hundred and ninety-three miles; from Columbus to Indianapolis, one hundred and eighty-eight miles; from Indianapolis to St. Louis, by way of Terre Haute, two hundred and sixty-two miles.

IV. FROM BALTIMORE TO THE WEST.

1. From Baltimore to St. Louis:
Namely, from Baltimore to Parkersburg, by

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the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, three hundred and eighty-three miles; from Parkersburg - to Cincinnati, by the Marietta and Cincinnati Railroad, two hundred and five miles; from Cincinnati to St. Louis, by the Ohio and Mississippi Railroad, three hundred and forty miles. 2. From Baltimore to Terre Haute:

Namely, from Baltimore to Wheeling, on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, three hundred and seventy-nine miles; from Wheeling to Columbus, one hundred and thirty-seven miles; from Columbus to Indianapolis, one hundred and eighty-eight miles; from Indianapolis to Terre Haute, seventy-three miles.

V. FROM NEW YORK TO THE SOUTH.

1. From New York to Memphis: Namely, from New York to Washington, by way of Philadelphia and Baltimore, two hundred and thirty miles; from Washington to Lynchburg, by way of Manasses Junction and Gordonsville, one hundred and seventy-eight miles; from Lynchburg to Knoxville, by the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad, three hundred and thirty-four miles; from Knoxville to Chattanooga, one hundred and twelve miles; from Chattanooga to Memphis, by the Memphis and Charleston Railroad, three hundred and nine miles.

2. From New York to New Orleans: Namely, by the same route to Chattanooga, eight hundred and fifty-four miles; from Chat

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tanooga to Grand Junction, on the line between Mississippi and Tennessee, two hundred and fifty-seven miles; from Grand Junction to New Orleans, by way of Jackson, Mississippi, three hundred and ninety-five miles.

3. From New York to Mobile:

Namely, by the same route as above to Chattanooga; from Chattanooga to Corinth, in Mississippi, two hundred and sixteen miles; from Corinth to Mobile, by the Mobile and Ohio Railroad, three hundred and twenty-nine miles. 4. From New York to Charleston and Savannah:

Namely, from New York to Washington, two hundred and thirty miles; from Washington to Wilmington, in North Carolina, by way of Richmond, Weldon, and Goldsborough.

VI. FROM CHICAGO TO THE SOUTH.

1. From Chicago to New Orleans: Namely, by the Illinois Central Railroad, from Chicago to Cairo, three hundred and sixty-five miles; from Cairo to Jackson, by the Mobile and Ohio road, ninety-seven miles; from Jackson to Canton, on the Mississippi Central road, two hundred and thirty-six miles; and from Canton to New Orleans, on the New Orleans and Jackson road, two hundred and six miles.

2. From Chicago to Mobile:

Namely, by the Illinois Central Railroad from Chicago to Cairo, three hundred and

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sixty-five miles; and from Cairo to Mobile, by the Mobile and Ohio road, four hundred and ninety-two miles.

VII. FROM CHICAGO TO THE WEST.

From Chicago towards the Rocky Mountains, nine hundred and ninety miles: namely, from Chicago to Council Bluffs, on the Missouri River, by the Chicago and Northwestern Railroad, four hundred and ninety miles, by way of Geneva, Cedar Rapids, and Boonsboro; crossing the Mississippi River at Clinton, in Iowa; and from Council Bluffs, five hundred miles west of Omaha. This is the eastern end of the Pacific Railroad.

VIII. CHICAGO TO THE NORTHWEST.

Chicago to La Crosse, in Wisconsin, by the Chicago and Northwestern Railroad from Chicago, by way of Janesville and Watertown:

IX. CHICAGO TO THE SOUTH WEST.

From Chicago to Texas, by the Chicago and St. Louis Railroad to St. Louis; from St. Louis to Van Buren in Arkansas, on the Arkansas River, by the Southwest branch of the Pacific Railroad; and from Van Buren, across the Red River to the interior of Texas.

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CHAPTER V.

THE BALTIMORE AND OHIO RAILROAD.

THE through route between Baltimore and St. Louis consists of three roads, namely, the Baltimore and Ohio, from Baltimore to Parkersburg; the Cincinnati and Marietta, from Parkersburg to Cincinnati; and the Ohio and Mississippi, from Cincinnati to St. Louis. The entire distance from Baltimore to St. Louis is nine-hundred and twenty-eight miles. There are only two changes of cars: namely, at the Ohio River, and at Cincinnati.

The Washington Branch of this road, from Baltimore to Washington, a distance of forty miles, constitutes part of the great through route between New York and Washington. The whole line consists of the New Jersey Railroad, from New York to Philadelphia; the Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad, from Philadelphia to Baltimore; and the Baltimore and Ohio road, from Baltimore to Washington. The whole distance is two hundred and twenty-six miles, and the time consumed in the trip is ten hours, or twenty-three miles per hour.

Over the main line of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, from Baltimore to the Ohio River, there are four trains per day, two running from the east, and two from the west.