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Page.

...17

THE

LIFE AND TIMES

OF

HENRY CLAY.

CHAPTER I.

Mr. Clay's Early History. - His Birth, Parentage, and Family History.-Death of his Father.- The Widow's Cares. - Schoolmaster and Schoolhouse of the Slashes. -The Mill-Boy of the Slashes. Second Marriage of Henry Clay's Mother.Kindness of his Father-in-Law. -His Entrance on a Commercial Apprenticeship at Richmond. - Removal to a Clerkship in a Public Office. - First Impressions of Fellow-Clerks. -Change of their Opinion. Henry attracts the Attention of Chancellor Wythe.-Becomes his Amanuensis.-Advantages of this Position.His Tastes and Intellectual Improvement. His Fame in the Rhetorical Society.Purity of his Character. His Popularity. Removal of his Mother and Family to Kentucky.-Letter from his Mother.- Basis of his Character. - His Study of the Law. Admission to Practice.-Removal to Kentucky.

THE MAN who leaves his impress on a great nation, and imparts character to the age in which he lives, not only merits the regard of contemporaries, but will be a study for future generations. That HENRY CLAY occupies this position in the social state of mankind, by a consideration of the past, and in the prospects of the future, will scarcely be questioned. His name, character, and history, are identified with the history of his country; and the student who makes himself acquainted with his life, private, professional, and public, will not be ignorant of the standing and career of the United States of North America, as one of the family of nations.

HENRY CLAY was born April 12, 1777, in Hanover county, Virginia, in a neighborhood commonly called the Slashes-a term indicating a district of country that abounds in low swampy grounds. His father, the Rev. John Clay, also a native of Virginia, and his mother, Elizabeth Hudson, the younger of two VOL. I.-2

daughters and only children of George Hudson, of Hanover county, had by this marriage eight children, three daughters and five sons, of whom Henry was the seventh, bearing the name of the second son, who had died. The daughters died in early womanhood, two after marriage. George, the eldest child, lived to manhood, and died in Virginia. John, the sixth, removed to New Orleans, and died on the Mississippi. The Rev. Porter Clay, the youngest of the family, was living at Jacksonville, Illinois, in 1844.

The paternal ancestors of Henry Clay were English. Branches of the family are still in the mother-country, of which Sir William Clay, bart., and member of the British House of Commons, is supposed to be one. The branch from which Henry Clay descended removed to America some time after the establishment of the colony of Virginia, and settled on the south side of James river. The descendants of the original Virginia stock, numerous and widely-dispersed, many of whom still reside in Virginia and Kentucky, have branched so extensively, that their common origin is scarcely recognised among themselves.

The Hudson family, on the maternal side of Mr. Clay's ancestry, also came from England, about the beginning of the eighteenth century, and settled in Hanover county, Virginia, where they remained till the abovenamed alliance with the Clay family was formed.

Tradition alleges, that the Rev. John Clay, the father of Henry, was a man of great vigor of character, of exemplary virtue and manners, and of a nice and high sense of the decorums and proprieties of the social relations-not unlike the son, who has made the world familiar with the name of CLAY. It is also in evidence, that the mother of Henry Clay was adorned with eminent female virtues, and that she continued to interest herself in the fortunes of Henry to the last of a good old age. The father died in 1781, bequeathing to his widow little else than an estate of seven children, Henry being then four years old. Obliged by her straitened circumstances to make the most of the ability of her children to help her, Mrs. Clay did not, however, neglect to send them to school. Henry's tuition, for the term of about three years, was committed to the charge of one PETER DEACON, an Englishman, who came to America under a cloud, receiving occasional remittances from home, while he was employed for several years as the schoolmaster of the "Slashes," in which

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