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SECTION E. SUBSIDIES

Article 25. General undertaking regarding subsidies-elimination of ex- Page port subsidies-exceptions.

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SECTION F. STATE TRADING

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Article 26. Nondiscriminatory administration of state-trading enterprises .

Article 27. Expansion of trade by state monopolies of individual products. Article 28. Expansion of trade by complete state monopolies of import trade.

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SECTION G. EMERGENCY PROVISIONS-CONSULTATION-NULLIFI

CATION OR IMPAIRMENT

Article 29. Emergency action on imports of particular products.
Article 30. Consultation-nullification or impairment.

SECTION H. RELATIONS WITH NON-MEMBERS

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Article 31. Contractual relations with non-Members-treatment of trade of non-Members.

SECTION I. GENERAL EXCEPTIONS

Article 32. General exceptions to Chapter IV. . . .

SECTION J. TERRITORIAL APPLICATION

Article 33. Territorial application of Chapter IV-customs unions-frontier traffic..

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CHAPTER V. RESTRICTIVE BUSINESS PRACTICES

Article 34. Policy toward restrictive business practices.
Article 35. Procedure with respect to complaints . .

Article 36. Studies and conferences relating to restrictive business practices. .

Article 37. Obligations of Members.

Article 38. Supplementary enforcement arrangements

Article 39. Continued effectiveness of domestic measures against restric

tive business practices. . . .

Article 40. Exceptions to provisions of Chapter V.

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CHAPTER VI. INTERGOVERNMENTAL COMMODITY
ARRANGEMENTS

Article 41. General statement regarding intergovernmental commodity arrangements.

Article 42. Special commodity studies

Article 43. Commodity conferences .

Article 44. Objectives of intergovernmental commodity agreements. . Article 45. Principles governing the institution of intergovernmental commodity agreements. . . .

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Article 46. Principles and requirements of intergovernmental commodity agreements.

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Article 48. Additional obligations of Members in respect of intergovernmental commodity agreements .

Article 49. Exceptions to provisions relating to intergovernmental com

modity agreements .

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84

ΤΙ

Suggested Charter

for an International Trade Organization

of the United Nations

ESTABLISHMENT

The International Trade Organization of the United Nations is hereby established and shall operate in accordance with the following provisions:

CHAPTER I. PURPOSES

Article 1. General Purposes of the Organization

The purposes of the Organization shall be:

1. To promote the solution of problems in the field of international commercial policies and relations through consultation and collaboration among Members.

2. To enable Members to avoid recourse to measures destructive of world commerce by providing, on a reciprocal and mutually advantageous basis, expanding opportunities for their trade and economic development.

3. To encourage and assist the industrial and general economic development of Member countries, particularly of those still in the early stages of industrial development.

4. In general, to promote national and international action for the expansion of the production, exchange and consumption of goods, for the reduction of tariffs and other trade barriers, and for the elimination of all forms of discriminatory treatment in international commerce; thus contributing to an expanding world economy, to the establishment and maintenance in all countries of high levels of employment and real income, and to the creation of economic conditions conducive to the maintenance of world peace.

5. To provide a centralized agency for the coordination of the work of Members to the above ends.

CHAPTER II. MEMBERSHIP

Article 2. Membership

1. The original Members of the Organization shall be those countries represented at the United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment which accept the provisions of this Charter by December

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31, 194, or, in the event that this Charter has not entered into force by that date, the countries which have agreed to bring this Charter into force pursuant to the proviso to paragraph 3 of Article 78.

2. Membership in the Organization shall be open to such other countries as accept the provisions of this Charter, subject to the approval of the Conference on recommendation of the Executive Board. 3. The Conference shall establish procedures that will open a membership in the Organization to the United Nations on behalf of the trust territories for which the United Nations is the administering authority.

CHAPTER III. EMPLOYMENT PROVISIONS

Article 3. Relation of Employment to Purposes of Organization

The Members recognize that the attainment and maintenance of useful employment opportunities for those able, willing, and seeking to work are essential to the full realization of the purposes of the Organization. They also recognize that domestic programs to main. tain or expand employment should be consistent with these purposes.

Article 4. General Undertaking to Promote Full Employment

Each Member shall take action designed to achieve and maintain full employment within its own jurisdiction through measures appropriate to its political and economic institutions.

Article 5. Avoidance of Certain Employment Measures

In seeking to maintain or expand employment, no Member shall adopt measures which would have the effect of creating unemployment in other countries or which are incompatible with undertakings designed to promote an expanding volume of international trade and investment.

Article 6. Consultation and Exchange of Information on Matters Relating to Employment

The Members agree that they will: (1) make arrangements for the collection, analysis, and exchange of information on employment problems, trends, and policies and for the submission at regular intervals of reports on the measures adopted to give effect to Article 4; (2) consult regularly on employment problems; and (3) hold special conferences in case of threat of widespread unemployment.

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