for the accommodation of their tariffs. Similar devices are sold by various manufacturers, and the results following the use of this type have been pronounced uniformly satisfactory.

Tariffs are required by state and federal commissions to be of uniform size, and a standard size device may be used for accommodating them.

Fig. 10 indicates the Tengwall binder open for the purpose of inserting or removing tariffs. These binders are made with backs varying in width from two to five inches or more, and will accommodate a number of schedules. The larger sized volumes, however, are unwieldy and difficult to handle, and the generally accepted size is the three-inch back.

The prongs shown in the diagram fit thru holes which are punched in the margin of the schedule, and lock by means of a thumb spring or clasp when the book is closed.

These binders are filled with the tariffs as they have been arranged alphabetically and numerically, according to line or association issue.

The volumes are readily opened by releasing the thumb clasp at any given place in the volume for the purpose of inserting new schedules or supplements, and removing those that may be cancelled.

Tariff Punches

The majority of tariffs are punched with holes by the railroad printer to accommodate the prongs of this device. For those that are not punched, the manufacturers of the binder have manufactured a punch, illustrated in Fig. 11. This will make the four necessary perforations with one operation.

Arrangement of Equipment

Fig. 12 shows a rather complete and compact file in which the Tengwall binder has been used. The wall cabinets are made in units five shelves high, each unit accommodating fifty-five of the three-inch binders.

The table is waist high and is arranged with shelves which will accommodate two tiers of binders on both sides, one hundred in all. The table top makes it possible for the clerk to consult his volume right there, to develop the rate, and to replace the volume without loss of time.

As it stands, this file accommodates between twelve and fifteen thousand publications, and occupies a space nine by fifteen feet. It permits free access to the binders for a half dozen or more employees.

Allotment

There is one objection common to all systems of tariff filing-the difficulty of assigning the right number of binders-or drawers or other units-to accommodate the tariffs of a given road or association.

Perhaps ten binders would be assigned to one of the larger associations or roads, but ultimately thirteen or fourteen might be required for reissues or additional schedules. In such a case, it would then be necessary to break the continuity of the numerical arrangement assigned to a given road, unless additional empty binders had been inserted at frequent intervals. To illustrate this point: The Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway Company tariffs would originally be assigned to binders 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8. Binder 9 would hold the issues of another road. Later, it might be found that the number of binders assigned