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QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW.

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Why are Pronouns used?

What is an Antecedent of a Pronoun?

Antecedents may consist of what?
Why are Pronouns classified?.
How are Pronouns classified?

What is a Personal Pronoun ?

89.-How are Personal Pronouns distinguished?. How are Pronouns modified?

Decline the Personal Pronoun.

90.-What Pronouns are varied in form to denote Gende For what are the principal variations made? .... How do we distinguish the Persons of Pronouns? Why are Possessive Specifying Adjectives plac with Pronouns?

When are mine, thine, his, hers, ours, yours, and thei
used as Substantives? and why?..

Make Sentences having each of these Words
Subjects-as Objects-as Objects of Phrases-i
Eredicate with a Verb.

What may be some of the different Antecedents of it 91.-What is a Relative Pronoun?

Give the LIST of Relative Pronouns.

What is said of the words as and than?

Which of the Relative Pronouns are varied in form 92.-What are the peculiar uses of who, which, and that? What is there peculiar in the use of the Word what? What other Double Relatives have we?....

What is an Interrogative Pronoun ? .

Give the LIST of Interrogative Pronouns 93.-Sentences are made Interrogative—how? ..

What is the Antecedent of an Interrogative Pronoun?
An Interrogative Pronoun is to be construed-how?-
What is an Adjective Pronoun?

94.--What distinct offices are performed by Adjective Pronou Why is the term Adjective Pronoun given to this clas Words?...

Give the LIST of Words most frequently used as Ad tive Pronouns

ADJECTIVES.

REM.-As things possess individuality, and have points of difference from each other, so we have Words which point out and describe those things, and mark their differences from other things. Hence,

DEF. 86.-An Adjective is a Word used to qualify or otherwise describe a Noun or a Pronoun.

EXAMPLES.-Good-amiable-the-our-earnest-falling-young

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1. To express a quality-as, good boy-red rose-sweet apple.
2. To specify or limit-as, the book-thy pen-three boys.
3. To express, incidentally, a condition, state, or act-as, loving
-wheeling-injured. Hence,

PRIN.-Adjectives are distinguished as

Qualifying Adjectives,

Specifying Adjectives, and
Verbal Adjectives.

DEF. 87.-A Qualifying Adjective is a Word used to describe a Substantive by expressing a quality.

EXAMPLES.-Good-sweet-cold-honorable-amiable-virtuous.

An honorable man.

An amiable disposition.

A virtuous woman.

Some good fruit.

Three sweet oranges.
Much cold water.

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DEF. 88.-A Specifying Adjective is a define or limit the application of a Subs denoting a quality.

EXAMPLES.-A-an-the-this-that-some-thre

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OBS. 1-Adjectives derived from Proper Nouns Adjectives.

EXAMPLES.-Arabian-Grecian-Turkish-French.

OBS. 2.- Which, what, and sometimes whose, when u are called Interrogative Adjectives when they indicate a q EXAMPLES.-1. Which side will you take?

2. What evil hath he done?

3. Whose book is that?

REM.-Adjectives may specify

1. By simply pointing out things-by limiting o 2. By denoting relation of ownership, adaptatio 3. By denoting number, definite or indefinite.

PRIN.-Specifying Adjectives are disti Pure, Numeral, and Possessive.

DEF. 89.-A Pure Adjective is a Word point out or designate things.

EXAMPLES.-The-that-those-such-next-same-o

Thou art the man.

That question is settled.
Those books are received.

"Such shames are common."

The next class.

The same lesson.

Other cares intru

Any man may le

DEF. 90.-A Possessive Adjective is a W scribes a being or thing by indicating a ownership, origin, fitness, &c.

EXAMPLES.-My-our-their-whose-children's-John's-Teacher's.

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"He heard the king's command, and saw that writing,s truth

NOTE. A Possessive Adjective is generally derived from a substan tive, by changing the Nominative into the Possessive form.

NUMERAL ADJECTIVES.

DEF. 91.—A Numeral Adjective is a Word used tu denote Number.

EXAMPLES.-One-ten-first-second-fourfold-few-many.

OBS. 1.-Numeral Adjectives may be,

Cardinal.-One-two-three-four.
Ordinal.-First-second-third-fourth.
Multiplicative.-Single-double-quadruple.

Indefinite.-Few-many-some (denoting number).

OBS. 2.—A and an, when they denote number, are to be classed as Numeral Adjectives.

EXAMPLES."Not a drum was heard, nor a funeral note." "Not an instance is on record."

VERBAL ADJECTIVES.

DEF. 92.-A Verbal Adjective is a Word used to describe a Noun or a Pronoun, by expressing, incidentally, a condition, state, or act.

OBS.-This class of Adjectives consists of Participles, used primarily to describe Nouns and Pronouns.

A running brook,
A standing pond.

Disputed territory.

Undoubted fact.

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EXAMPLES.

I saw a boy running to school.
Another standing by the way.
It is a truth undisputed.

It is a fact undoubted.

Scaling yonder peak,

I saw an eagle wheeling near its brow."

In this example the Sentence is, "I saw eagle:" and "scaling yonder peak," is a Phrase used to describe "I." "Wheeling near its brow," describes "eagle." Scaling and wheeling are Participles used to describe a Noun and a Pronoun-hence they are, in their office, Adjectives. (See Def. 86.) They describe by expressing (not in the character of Predicates, but), "incidentally, a condition, state, or act," of "I" and "eagle"-hence they are Verbal Adjectives.

REM. 1. To render the classification more simple, I have preferred to class all Participles used chiefly to describe Nouns and Pronouns, as Adjectives—and, because they are derived from Verbs and retain more or less of the properties of the Verbs from which they are derived, I use the term Verbal Adjectives.

But Teachers who are unwilling to do more than simply to call them Participles, will not find it difficult to adapt their views to the plan of this work; the Pupil being taught that—

"Participles, like Adjectives, belong to Nouns and Pronouns."

And, in the use of Diagrams

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'Participles used to limit Substantives, occupy the same position as Adjectives."

REM. 2.-Participles used as Adjectives, commonly retain their verbal character, and like their Verbs, may have Objects after them. Hence,

PRIN.-Verbal Adjectives are distinguished as Transi tive and Intransitive.

EXAMPLES.

Intransitive." He possessed a well-balanced mind."

"Truth, crushed to earth, will rise again."
Transitive—" Scaling yonder peak, I saw an eagle."
"We saw the children picking berries"

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