DIAGRAMS.

REM.-The office of an Element in a Sentence, determ

in the Diagram, according to the following

GENERAL RULES.

RULE 1.-The Principal Elements of a Se placed uppermost, and on the same horizonta (1), (2), (3), Diagrams (A) and (B).

RULE 2.-The Subject of a Sentence takes place;-as, (1) and (10), Diagrams (A), and ( (25) B.

RULE 3.-The Predicate of a Sentence is pla right of the Subject-attached;-as, (2), and (1 (2), (7), (11), and (26), B.

RULE 4. The Object of a Sentence is placed to the right of the Predicate-attached;-as, (3), A, and (3), (12), and (×) B.

RULE 5.-An Adjunct of a Sentence is placed beneath the Word which it limits or modifies-attached; as, (4), (5), (6), (7), (12), (13), (14), (17), (18), (23), A, and (4), (5), (8), (9), (17), (18), (19), (20), (23), (24), B.

RULE 6.-If the Adjunct is a Phrase, its Leader is attached to the Word which it limits;-as, (15), (19), (25), A, and (15), (21), B.

RULE 7.-If the Adjunct is a Sentence, it is attached by a line to the Word which the Adjunct Sentence limits; as, the Adjunct Sentence within the dotted line (6), is attached by the line from (2), to (9), A, and (6 to 19 inclusive) is attached to (1), B.

RULE 8.-A Logical Adjunct is placed beneath the Word which it describes, but not attached. [See page 39.]

RULE 9.-The Subsequent of a Phrase is placed to the right of its Leader-attached;-as, (20 and 21), to the right of (19),—(26), to the right of (25),—(16) of (15) a, and (22) of (21),—(16), of (15) B.

RULE 10.-A Conjunction used to introduce a Sentence, is placed above the Predicate of the Sentence which it introduces;-as, (a), used to introduce the Sentence (1, 2, 3), A, and (9), introducing the Adjunct Sentence (10, 11), (A), and (0) introducing the Sentence (1, 2, 3), B.

RULE 11.-A Conjunction used to connect Words, Phrases, or Sentences, similar in construction, is placed between the Elements connected;-as, (10), connecting (11) to (7), B. [See also Diagram, page 41.]

RULE 12.-A Relative Pronoun or a Pos used to introduce an Adjunct Sentence, is "antecedent" by a line;-as (6) attached attached to (22) B.

CLASSIFICATION OF SENTENCE

REMARKS. Some Sentences assert the being, cond person or of a thing-or an act which does not pass of Others assert acts which terminate on an Object. Some Sentences assert but one fact-others assert m Some assert an Independent or a Principal Prop secondary or qualifying proposition. Hence, PRIN.-Sentences are distinguished as Intransitive or Transitive, Simple or Compound, Principal or Auxiliary.

DEF. 43.-An Intransitive Sentence is a S asserts.condition, being, or state-or an act w terminate on an Object.

DEF. 44.—A Transitive Sentence is a Sentence that asserts an act which terminates on an Object.

EXAMPLES.-1. Virtue secures happiness.

2. Industry promotes health and wealth.

3. "I thank thee, Roderick, for the word."

4. "The King of Shadows loves a shining mark."

5. "And the eye and the heart hailed its beautiful forms."

OBS.-A Transitive Sentence has at least one Subject, one Predicate,

and one Object.

DEF. 45.-A Simple Sentence is a Sentence that asserts but one proposition.

EXAMPLES.-1. William sleeps.

2. Mary is cheerful.

3. Virtue secures happiness.

4. "Now fades the glimmering landscape on the sight." 5. "The King of Shadows loves a shining mark."

OBS. A Simple Sentence can have but one Subject, one Predicate and-when Transitive-one Object.

DEF. 46.-A Compound Sentence is a Sentence that asserts more than one proposition.

EXAMPLES.-1. Anna and Mary study Latin.

ar

2. Temperance elevates and enne les man.

3. Robert studies Grammar and Arithmetic.

4. "Slowly and sadly they climb the distant mountain, And read their doom in the setting sun."

DEF. 46 (b).—In a Compound Sentence, the Principal Elements which are compounded, are called Clauses.

OBS.-The Compound clauses may be,

study

(x)

studies

study

Warner

Grammar 1. The Subjects only- Warner and Arthur study Grammar.

Grammar

HON

Grammar

2. The Predicates only-Warner studies and recites Grammar.

3. The Objects only - Warner studies Grammar and Arithmetic.

4. The Subjects and the Predicates- Warner and Arthur study and recite Grammar.

5. The Subjects and the Objects— Warner and Arthur study Grammar and Arithmetic.

6. The Predicates and the Objects-Warner studies and recites Grammar and Arithmetic.

7. The Subjects, the Predicates, and the Objects-Warner and Arthur study and recite Grammar and Arithmetic.

OBS.-A Compound Sentence may have more than two clauses.

Friendship

(X)

Love

abound

(&)

Truth

EXAMPLES.

Friendship, Love, and Truth abound.

"Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitroger constitute the chief elements of organized matter."

REM. Sentences which have Compound Predicates, often have Objects applicable to only a part of them. Hence,

DEF. 46 (c).—A Compound Sentence, having one or more Transitive, and one or more Intransitive Predicates, is called a Mixed Sentence.