PRIN.-All Adjuncts of Substantives ar as Adjectives; Adjuncts of Verbs, Partici and Adverbs, are to be parsed as Adverbs. OBS.-In addition to Grammatical Adjuncts, we ha perly be called Logical Adjuncts. These are comm independent in construction, yet serving indirectly t other Elements. EXAMPLES. 1, PETER the Hermit resembled, in temperament, PE REM.--"Hermit" and "Apostle" are Nouns, yet ser REM.- -"That we mistake" limits the signification of th For further Observations on Logical Adjuncts, see "IND Part II., p. 85. OBS. 1.-It should be remembered that any word whos tant office is to specify, qualify, or otherwise describe a N noun, is, therefore, an Adjective. (See Def. 97.) A word times or generally used as some other "part of speech," n connections, be used Adjectively, and when thus used, it is ADJECTIVES-FORMS OF. EXAMPLES.-An iron fence- Working oxen. 237 REM.-Every Adjective having its Substantive understood, becomes Pronominal (See Adjective Pronouns, p. 93.) OBS. 2.-An Adjective may consist of a Word. The recitation hour has arrived. Phrase. The hour for recitation has arrived. Sentence.-The hour in which we recite has arrived. ADJECTIVE WORDS. OBS.-Adjectives describe Substantives in two distinct methods: (1.) As an ordinary epithet, in which the attribute is not asserted, but implied or assumed. EXAMPLES.-1. A sweet apple. 2. A few inhabitants. 3. "Night, sable goddess, from her ebon throne, Her leaden scepter o'er a slumbering world." (2.) By asserting the attribute with the aid of a Verb or a Participle. EXAMPLES.-4. The apple is sweet. 5. The inhabitants are few. 6. The world is slumbering. 7. "This latter mode of expression falls short of the force and vehemence of the former."-Murray. THE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES. REM. 1.-Many words in the English Language are, primarily, Adjectives. EXAMPLES.-Hard-soft-sour-sweet-good-bad-old-young. REM. 2.-But most words used as Adjectives, are Derivative Words REM. 3.-Many Adjectives have the same form as the Noun. NOTE I.-That form of the Adjective which is in accordance with reputable us EXAMPLES.-1. A gold pen-not a golden pen. 2. A silver pencil-not a silvery penci 3. "Golden ears, though richly wavi Must, in harvest, fall." 4. "The silvery tide will leave thee." OBS. 1.-Two or more Adjectives are often used juncts of the same Substantive. EXAMPLES.-1. "The tall dark MOUNTAINS and the de 2. "A TEMPER, passionate and fierce, May suddenly your joys disperse, At one immense EXPLOSION." REM.-But the same Noun rarely has more than on tive. (See Specifying Adjectives below.) OBS. 2.-When two or more Adjectives belong they may (1.) Severally qualify the Substantive only; or, REM.-"Tall," "athletic," and "vigorous," are Adject ing in the same relation to the Word "man." "French" describes or limits "Revolution;" "late" Revolution." OBS. 3.-This construction should be distinguished fro the Adjective-and not the Adjective and the Noun com fied by an Adverb. EXAMPLES.-A very BEAUTIFUL flower. A long-neglected OBS. 4.-A Possessive Specifying Adjective may be lim Adjective. EXAMPLES.-" He heard the KING's command, And saw that WRITING's truth" (See page 246) QUALIFYING ADJECTIVES. COMPARISON. REM.-As things are equal or unequal, similar or dissimilar, we have words indicating those differences. Hence, 1. COMPARISON OF EQUALITY. OBS. 1.-Two or more things, similar in any given quality, are compared by the use of the word As, placed before the latter term. EXAMPLES.-1. John is as tall as James. 2. Warner is not so fair as Arthur. 3. "England can spare from her service SUCH men as him."-Lord Brougham. OBS. 2.--The former term of the comparison of equality may be preceded by As or So, and sometimes by Such. (See Examples above.) 2. COMPARISON OF INEQUALITY. NOTE II.-In Comparisons of Inequality, when but two things are compared, the former term requires an Adjective of the Comparative Degree. EXAMPLES.-1. “ They are STRONGER than lions -Taylor. 2. "Thou hast been WISER all the while than me."-Southey 3. "Their instinct is MORE PERFECT than that of man." EXCEPTION.-Some good writers employ the Superlative. EXAMPLE."The largest boat of the two was cut loose."-Cowper. OBS. 1.—The second term of comparison is commonly introduced by the word Than. (See Examples above.) OBS 2.-When the second term is a Substantive word, Than ia a Preposition. EXAMPLES.-1. "She suffers hourly more than me."-Swift. 2. "Than whom, Satan except, none higher sat." -Milton. OBS. 3.-When the second term is a Sentence, 1 Relative Pronoun. EXAMPLES.-1. "He has MORE than heart could wis 2. "And there are LOVELIER flowers, Than e'er in Eastern lands were se (For other Observations on Than, see "Conjuncti OBS. 4.-The second term of a Comparison may b the sense is not thereby obscured. EXAMPLES.-1. "We both have fed as well." 2. "I have known deeper wrongs." NOTE III.-Adjectives of the Superlat used when more than two things are comp EXAMPLES.-1. "The richest treasure mortal times reputation." 2. "Thou art the ruins of the noblest m That ever lived in the tide of time OBS. 1.-Comparative and Superlative Adjectives constructions. (1.) The Comparative Degree requires the former ter from the latter. EXAMPLE.-Iron is more valuable than all other meta REM.-In this example, "Iron" is put as one term of "all other metals" as the other term-two things are co the Comparative form. (2.) The Superlative Degree requires the former tern in the latter. EXAMPLE.-Iron is the most valuable of all the metals. REM.-Here" all the metals" are taken severally. "Iro the list, and put in comparison with the many othersthings are compared. Hence, the use of the Superlative OBS. 2.-Adjectives whose significations do not admit should not have the Comparative or the Superlative form EXAMPLES.-John's hoop is much more circular than m |