b. Contributions by Agents of Foreign Principals and Conflicts of Interest

Partial text of Public Law 89-486 [S. 693], 80 Stat. 248, approved July 4, 1966, as amended by Public Law 93-443 [S. 3044], 88 Stat. 1263, approved October 15, 1974 AN ACT To require the registration of certain persons employed by agencies to disseminate propaganda in the United States and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

(b) Chapter 11 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end thereof a new section as follows:

"§ 219. Officers and employees acting as agents of foreign principals

"Whoever being an officer or employee of the United States in the executive, legislative, or judicial branch of the Government or in any agency of the United States, including the District of Columbia, is or acts as an agent of a foreign principal required to register under the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as amended, shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned for not more than two years, or both.

"Nothing in this section shall apply to the employment of any agent of a foreign principal as a special Government employee in any case in which the head of the employing agency certifies that such employment is required in the national interest. A copy of any certification under this paragraph shall be forwarded by the head of such agency to the Attorney General who shall cause the same to be filed with the registration statement and other documents filed by such agent, and made available for public inspection

1 Sec. 8(a) of this Act added a new sec. 613 to ch. 20 of title 18, U.S.C., concerning contributions by foreign nationals. However, such section 613 was repealed by sec. 201(a) of the Federal Election Campaign Act (Public Law 94-283; 90 Stat. 496). Public Law 94-283 further added a new sec. 324 (2 U.S.C. 441e) to the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 which became the new law regarding contributions of foreign nationals. The text of sec. 324 is as follows:

"CONTRIBUTIONS BY FOREIGN NATIONALS

"SEC. 324. (a) It shall be unlawful for a foreign national directly or through any other person to make any contribution of money or other thing of value, or to promise expressly or impliedly to make any such contribution, in connection with an election to any political office or in connection with any primary election, convention, or caucus held to select candidates for any political office; or for any person to solicit, accept, or receive any such contribution from a foreign national.

"(b) As used in this section, the term 'foreign national' means

"(1) a foreign principal, as such term is defined by section 1(b) of the Foreign Agents Registra tion Act of 1938 (22 U.S.C. 611(b)), except that the term 'foreign national' shall not include any individual who is a citizen of the United States; or

"(2) an individual who is not a citizen of the United States and who is not lawfully admitted for permanent residence, as defined by section 101(a)(20) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(20))."

in accordance with section 6 of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as amended."

5. Logan Act-Private Correspondence With Foreign

Governments

Partial text of Public Law 80-772 [H.R. 3190], 62 Stat. 744; 18 U.S.C. 953, approved June 25, 1948 (original legislation approved Jan. 30, 1799, 1 Stat. 613)

AN ACT To revise, codify, and enact into positive law, Title 18 of the United States Code, entitled "Crimes and Criminal Procedure".

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That Title 18 of the United States Code, entitled "Crimes and Criminal Procedure", is hereby revised, codified, and enacted into positive law, and may be cited as "Title 18, U.S.C., §. -", as follows:

Any citizen of the United States, wherever he may be, who, without authority of the United States, directly or indirectly commences or carries on any correspondence or intercourse with any foreign government or any officer or agent thereof, with intent to influence the measures or conduct of any foreign government or of any officer or agent thereof, in relation to any disputes or controversies with the United States, or to defeat the measures of the United States, shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than three years, or both.

This section shall not abridge the right of a citizen to apply, himself or his agent, to any foreign government or the agents thereof for redress of any injury which he may have sustained from such government or any of its agents or subjects.

(1366)

6. Neutrality Act and Related Material

a. Neutrality Act of 1939, as amended

Public Resolution 76-54 [H.J. Res. 306], 54 Stat. 4, approved November 4, 1939, as amended by Public Resolution 76–87 [S.J. Res. 279], 54 Stat. 611, approved June 26, 1940; Public Law 76-776 [H.R. 10213), 54 Stat. 866, approved August 27, 1940; Public Law 77–294 [H.J. Res. 237], 55 Stat. 764, approved November 17, 1941; Public Law 77-459 [S.J. Res. 133], 56 Stat. 95, approved February 21, 1942; Presidential Proclamation 2695, 11 F.R. 7517, 60 Stat. 1352, approved July 4, 1946; and by Public Law 83-665 [Mutual Security Act of 1954; H.R. 9678], 68 Stat. 861, approved August 26, 1954

JOINT RESOLUTION To preserve the neutrality and the peace of the United States and to secure the safety of its citizens and their interests. Whereas the United States, desiring to preserve its neutrality in wars between foreign states and desiring also to avoid involvement therein, voluntarily imposes upon its nationals by domestic legislation the restrictions set out in this joint resolution; and Whereas by so doing the United States waives none of its own rights or privileges, or those of any of its nationals, under international law, and expressly reserves all the rights and privileges to which it and its nationals are entitled under the law of nations; and

Whereas the United States hereby expressly reserves the right to repeal, change or modify this joint resolution or any other domestic legislation in the interests of the peace, security or welfare of the United States and its people: Therefore be it Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

PROCLAMATION OF A State of war beTWEEN FOREIGN STATES

Section 1.1 (a) That whenever the President, or the Congress by concurrent resolution, shall find that there exists a state of war between foreign states, and that it is necessary to promote the security or preserve the peace of the United States or to protect the lives of citizens of the United States, the President shall issue a proclamation naming the states involved; and he shall, from time to time, by proclamation, name other states as and when they may become involved in the war.

(b) Whenever the state of war which shall have caused the President to issue any proclamation under the authority of this section shall have ceased to exist with respect to any state named in such proclamation, he shall revoke such proclamation with respect to such state.

Sec. 2, which concerned commerce with states engaged in armed conflict, was repealed by Public Law 77-294 (55 Stat 764).

Sec. 4. (a) The provisions of section 2(a) shall not prohibit the transportation by vessels, unarmed and not under convoy, under charter or other direction and control of the American Red Cross of officers and American Red Cross personnel, medical personnel, and medical supplies, food, and clothing, for the relief of human suffering: Provided, That where permission has not been given by the blockading power, no American Red Cross vessel shall enter a port where a blockade by aircraft, surface vessel, or submarine is being attempted through the destruction of vessels, or into a port of any country where such blockade of the whole country is being so attempted: Provided further, That such American Red Cross vessel shall be on a mission of mercy only and carrying only Red Cross materials and personnel.

(b) 6 The provisions of sections 2(a) 5 and 37 shall not prohibit a vessel, in ballast, unarmed, and not under convoy, and transporting refugee children, under sixteen years of age, from war zones, or combat areas, and shall not prohibit such vessel entering into such war zones or combat areas for this purpose, together with such necessary American citizen adult personnel in charge as may be approved by the Secretary of State, subject to the provisions of the immigration laws, if such vessel is proceeding under safe conduct granted by all of the states named in the proclamations issued under the authority of section 1(a), and if such vessel has painted on a large scale prominently, distinctly, and unmistakably on each side thereof and upon the superstructure thereof plainly visible from the air and American flag and a statement to the effect that such vessel is a refugee-child rescue ship of the United States or under United States registry: Provided, That every such child so brought into the United States shall, previous to departure from the port of embarkation, have been so sponsored by some responsible American person, natural or corporate, that he will not become a public charge.

TRAVEL ON VESSELS OF BELLIGERENT STATES

Sec. 5. (a) Whenever the President shall have issued a proclamation under the authority of section 1(a) it shall thereafter be unlawful for any citizen of the United States to travel on any vessel of any state named in such proclamation, except in accordance with such rules and regulations as may be prescribed.

(b) Whenever any proclamation issued under the authority of section 1(a) shall have been revoked with respect to any state the provisions of this section shall thereupon cease to apply with respect

3 Sec. 3, which related to combat areas, was repealed by Public Law 77-294 (55 Stat. 764). 422 U.S.C. 444. The first paragraph of sec. 4 was amended and restated by Public Resolution 76-87 (54 Stat. 611).