INDEX. A. ACTS OF CONGRESS. See CONGRESS; STATUTES. growth of, in the United States, 1003, 1005. extends beyond the ebb and flow of the tide, 1004. relation to the power to regulate foreign and interstate commerce, may attach to vessels trading between ports of the same State, 1007. will not attach to vessel that has been levied on by sheriff, 1017, 1019. in controversies among foreigners, 1016. may be exercised in rem though not in personam for cause that has AGENCIES OF GOVERNMENT, See MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS. may not to be taxed by Congress, 265. AMBASSADORS. See FEDERAL COURTS. AMBIGUITY, in statutes construed in favor of the public, 661. AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION, 1333. method of, a mark of the relative inferiority of the States, 30. VOL. II.— -44 AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION — continued. amendments operate as restraints on the United States, or the States, the constitutional prohibitions in the amendments apply exclusively causes of the adoption of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth, APPORTIONMENT. See ASSESSMENT. of taxes, 315. taxation and assessment imply, 315. APPRAISAL. See EMINENT DOMAIN; TAXATION. APPROPRIATION, of private property for public use, see EMINENT DOMAIN. right to bear, neither conferred by the Second Amendment nor ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION, 1311. See CONFEDERATION. ASSESSMENT. See also TAXATION, EMINENT DOMAIN, HIGHWAYS, assessor's duty judicial, 312. owners entitled to a hearing, 315–317. ATTAINDER. See BILLS OF ATTAINDER. ATTORNEY AT LAW. jury trial not necessary in proceedings to disbar, 873. on the power of the crown to dismiss the ministry, 192. BANKRUPT LAW, power of a State to enact, 97, 532. Congress may pass, though rights arising ex contractu may be im- BANKS, power of Congress to incorporate, see CORPORATIONS. States cannot tax banks incorporated by Congress, 355, 358. incorporation of the Bank of the United States, 106, 1261, 1270, 1299. taxation of State bank-notes by general government, 266, 271. disorder and insufficiency of the currency issued by State banks, 268, establishment of the national banking system, 268, 1273, 1275. on dissolution of a bank the assets are charged with a trust for its cred- may be legislatively empowered during their mother's life to share BEARING ARMS. See ARMS; MILITIA. BEDFORD, in the Constitutional Convention, 34. BENEFITS. See also EMINENT DOMAIN; TAXATION. may be taken into account in assessment for local improvements, 349. right to, cannot be revived after it has expired by lapse of time, 838. BILL OF RIGHTS, first ten amendments in the nature of, 506. BILLS OF ATTAINDER, definition of, 551, 556. power of Parliament to pass, 213. inconsistent with the principles of Magna Charta, 544. passed by the Colonies, 546. forbidden by the Constitution, 547. prohibition of, cannot be evaded by inflicting the penalty on a class distinguished from ex post facto laws, 548. distinguished from bills of pains and penalties, 549. retroactive infliction of disfranchisement or professional disqualifica- BILLS OF EXCHANGE, power of Congress to legislate in reference to, 443. State control of foreign, 479. BILLS OF LADING, State tax on, for goods shipped to another State invalid, 480. BILLS OF PAINS AND PENALTIES, power of Parliament to pass, 213. distinguished from bills of attainder, 549. issue of, by municipalities to aid manufacturers within their limits, mandamus may issue to compel municipal corporations to levy a tax irregularly issued by municipal corporations may be confirmed by BOROUGH AND TOWN REPRESENTATION, in Parliament, 151, 153. in the States General of France, 152. in the Castilian Cortes, 152. in Aragon, 152. BORROWING MONEY. See also BANKS. constitutional power of Congress, 1250-1253. relation of to making paper money a legal tender, 1251–1255. BRIBERY, in England and the United States, 205, 208, 229. statutory grant cannot be set aside because it was procured by, 736. erection of, over navigable rivers, 457, 487. like ferries, within the police power of the States as incident to high- may be abated by federal courts where hindering navigation, 490. grant of exclusive right to build, 354, 609, 783. subject to right of eminent domain, 354. BUCHANAN, message of December 3, 1860, on Federal coercion of a seceding BURIALS, restriction on, under the police power, 617, 652. nature of interest in burial lots, 651. C. CABINET OFFICERS, the question of making them responsible to Congress considered, 175. CALHOUN, relation to the doctrine of nullification, 134. CAMDEN, LORD, on unreasonable searches and seizures, 831-833. regulation of rates of, 478, 611, 667, 768, 771. INDEX. 1343 CAUCUS, nomination by, 220. CEMETERIES, further use of, may be prohibited under police power, 617, 652. in Pennsylvania compensation allowed by statute, 420. CHATHAM, EARL OF, on the character of the American colonists, 6 reference to America as a unit, 12. on the right of Americans to resist, 66. efforts for reform, 202. on the distinction between the legislative and judicial functions, 545. are property, 824, 827, 1280. CITIZENS. See also FEDERAL COURts. discrimination against citizens of other States in taxation, 253, 323. citizenship, how acquired, 516. citizens of each State may become citizens of every other by residence, citizenship of the United States as distinguished from citizenship in power to naturalize is exclusively vested in Congress, 529. can a State confer the right of citizenship or the suffrage on aliens, Dred Scott case, 516, 1146. negroes citizens by virtue of the Fourteenth Amendment, but not naturalization limited to white men, 516. Fourteenth Amendment as bearing on citizenship, 517. the citizens of each State entitled to all the privileges and immunities CIVIL RIGHTS, admission on equal terms to hotels, theatres, and railway trains not CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATIONS, as a means of curtailing the President's patronage, 175. a practical question, 231. established in England, 234, 236. |