are entitled to receive from the vulgar. Let things be called by their right names; we have had enough of disgusting talk from the protected against protection. A little more modesty, on behalf of the merchants, would better reconcile us to the expenditure of two or three millions a year for the defence of their property. We tell them plainly our belief-that, if the tariff law of 1824 had not passed, appropriations for the support of the navy would have been withheld. A like feeling may be again excited, and "chambers of commerce" will repent their dictations of policy. Questions of war or peace, and touching the national revenue, are the affairs of those who have to bear the burthens-the free laboring classes; and when they shall speak as they may, their voice must be attended to-there is no resisting it. The merchant, as such, contributes no more to the public support than the cobbler, and the last is as much entitled to protection as the first: but how would the people laugh if a dozen cellars of cobblers were to petition congress, annnally, on matters of great national concern? But-why not "cellars of cobblers" as well as "chambers of commerce?" The one is as constitutional as the other!

INDIANS WITHIN THE UNITED STATES. Among the documents from the war department transmitted to congress, are some highly interesting statements by colonel McKenney, shewing the proceedings and result of his mission to the southern tribes, to effect their removal to the westward of the Mississippi. These people, long acquainted with the fidelity and devotion of the superintendant of Indian affairs, received him with great respect, and listened to him with the attention that they would have paid to a father and a friend. We expect to give the papers as soon as space shall be allowed for them but the notice of a few particulars, with some passing remarks, may be useful at present. We have always felt a deep interest in the concerns of these poor people, and stand prepared to lend our feeble help to any reasonable project, bottomed upon the principle of establishing permanent home for them-for we have been lately inclined to believe that they cannot be preserved, in a state of qualified sovereignty, when pressed upon all sides by a white population. Our wishes on this subject have nothing to do with events; and we should rather meet things as they are, than speculate upon them as we might wish that they should be.

a

The Chickasaws have agreed to remove-provided a favorable report is made of the lands to be assigned them, by persons appointed by themselves to examine the country. The number of this tribe is about 4,000, and somewhat increasing. The total value of their houses, mills, work shops, fences and stock, is put down at less than 300,000 dollars; and col. McKenney supposes that the whole cost of removal, paying them for their improvements, cannot exceed $494,750.

tice unite in calling loudly upon the government as a parent, promptly to interfere and save them."

In regard to the Cherokees, the colonel declares, that "they ought not to be encouraged in forming a constitution and government within a state of the republic, to exist and operate independently of our laws." After considerable reflection on this proposition, we yield a rather unwilling assent to the justice of it, in the belief that conflicts would arise in which the Indians would be the sufferers, on several accounts and in various ways. We have hitherto been pleased with the progress of the Cherokees towards the formation of a government of written laws, and still most heartily wish them success in the project-but the exertion of those laws within the territory of a state, we now apprehend, would be followed by unhappy consequences and, as a people, we have always thought that they could not exist in their present location-too many of their neighbors would shew but little respect to the laws of the Cherokees, though ready enough to put those of the United States in force against them.

The colonel suggests-1. the preparation of a suitable and last home for these unfortunate people; 2. the provision and means for the transportation and support the taking of them "kindly, but firmly, by the hand, and telling them they must go and enjoy it;" 3, the forbidding all interference with their concerns for which purpose the presence of a few troops would be necessary. He proposes, however, that reservations should be made, and the fee of the land be secured to those who might prefer to remain where they are.

These are subjects of much interest. It is a melancholy sight to behold these people continually harrassed and "driven from post to pillar"-now beset on the one side and then on the other, without security either in person or property; and, though the original proprietors of the soil, having only, as is now contended, a qualified be compelled to yield to force, if not given up by conright to enjoy it, and which we apprehend that they will tract. On the whole, we fall into col. McKenney's views of their condition-reserving the right to revoke our present impressions on further reflection. But of this we taken, if not already operating, to secure for them a perare satisfied-that measures ought to be immediately manent home beyond the Mississippi, under the most ed upon or disturbed-it being understood that the counsolemn pledges possible, that they shall not be encroachtry given to them shall be a wilderness forever, rather than treated for hereafter by the government of the U.

States.

While upon this subject, we are reminded of an act of justice that we ought sometime since to have performed, in a notice of col. M'Kenney's "TOUR TO THE LAKES," published by Mr. Lucas, bookseller, of Baltimore; in the The Choctaws decidedly declined all propositions for reading of which we had much pleasure and profit. No an exchange of lands. The chief's who attended the coun-one, perhaps, in the United States is better fitted to speak cil seem to have been pre-committed on that subject. of the interests of the Indians than col. M' K.—and his They treated the colonel very kindly, and said to him, heart is always warm in their behalf. All that have di"It always gives us pain to disagree to a friend's talk." rect intercourse with our government, know that he is their Col. McK. kowever, expresses an opinion that the Choc-friend-and this confidence, obtained by long continued taws, as a people, are even now willing to adopt the of-and kind offices, has enabled him to understand their fer made them, and thinks the way has been opened for character and habits, with unusual niceness and accura their future acceptance of it. ey. They appear to have had very few, if any, reserves with With the Creeks a final and satisfactory arrangement him, and we have never heard it suggested that he has was made, for giving up "all the lands claimed or own-abused the confidence reposed, however zealous he has ed by them within the chartered limits of Georgia." been to accomplish the just purposes of the government of the United States. Because of this feeling towards him, he was selected to hold certain conferences with some of the north western tribes-the result of which were highly satisfactory; and, for a long time past, zealous to preserve specimens of manners, workmanship, &c. he kept a journal of his tour, which has been published, embellished with many interesting engravings. Our's is not the office of a reviewer; but a very distinguished gentleman, speaking of this work has certain remarks which we copy, though not written for publication, in the hope that they may excite a greater degree of attention to a book so interesting

The Cherokees were not visited; and we should suppose that any present attempt to effect their removal would rather retard than hasten it. They are just about to try the experiment of a regular government, and will not be diverted from it.

Col. McKenney speaks of the state of the Indians, especially the Creeks, as being very poor and wretched, indeed-being habitual drunkards, poverty and distress is visible every where. "I hold their recovery from it (drunkenness) and from its long train of miseries, while they retain their present relations to the states, to be hopeless," says the superintendant. And it is insisted upon by him, that emigration, only, beyond the limits of the present states and territories, can be productive of permanent good to this people. "Destruction lies before them;" and the colonel says that "humanity and jus

"It is throughout characterized by a spirit of good feeling which cannot fail to impress the reader most favorably towards the author. The kind and often repeated attentions bestowed upon the sick Indian girl on the island

governor of this state, on the 3d ballot-104 for Mr. IreNORTH CAROLINA. James Iredell, Esq. has been elected dell and 80 for Mr. Spraight.

at Fond du Lac* not to mention various other incidents of a similar kind, establish a character which cannot easily be mistaken." "The information and reflections which it embodies on subjects hitherto comparatively unknown, and conveyed in a style at once easy, elegant and per-place of his father-but on an examination of the accounts, Mr. John S. Haywood was elected treasurer in the spicuous, are well calculated to render it deservedly po- an unexpected deficiency of $70,000 appeared, and he pular and extensively useful. But the trait in it which I resigned the place that the affair might be investigated. most admire is the deep veneration which it uniformly He appears to have acted in a very honorable manner; manifests for the Christian religion." and it is stated that, if the deficit is real, there are effects

"In a political point of view, I consider it as an impor-enough to make it good to the state. tant acquisition to our country-I have no where else found so forcibly delineated the poverty, wretchedness and degradation of our red neighbors, and the political as well as moral obligations which we are under to civilize and relieve them. That this is practicable, I have no doubt, and an important step towards its accomplishment is to make their wants extensively known and to enlist the public sympathies in their favor.

Resolutions had been introduced to inquire into the expediency of encouraging the growth of wool, and of the establishment of cotton and woollen manufactures. The resolutions were referred. There is a large and rapidly increasing interest in this state, favorable to manufac tures; and for those of iron, wool and cotton, no other is better fitted than its middle and western parts.

"As a proof of the interesting character of the work, I will barely state that my little son, not yet eight years old, has read it through, of course with much pleasure, and repeats many of its interesting Incidents with great accuracy; while I have been delighted at hearing my daughter play on the piano, Miss Charlotte Johnsons beautiful Indian song."

tee of the senate has just reported a strong remonstrance SOUTH CAROLINA. Columbia, Dec. 1. The commitagainst the wollens bill, accompanied by the following resolutions.

is a compact between the people of the different states 1. Resolved, That the constitution of the United States with each other, as seperate and independent sovereignthat compact by the congress of the United States, it is ties, and that for any violation of the letter or spirit of not only the right of the people, but of the legislatures who represent them, to every extent not limited, to remonstrate against violations of the fundamental compact.

1820 and 1824, known by the name of the tariff laws, by 2. Resolved, That the acts of congress passed in 1816, which manufactures are encouraged under the power to lay imposts, are violations of the constitution in its spirit, and ought to be repealed.

We are anxious that, by the public approbation of the work which he has published, col. McKenney may be encouraged to go on, and tell us all that he knows of the Indian character, habits and manners; that we ourselves may be instructed and our posterity profit by the knowledge of them. It has been said, "the proper study of mankind is man," and to the American people it must for ages to come be a matter of deep interest to understand who and what were the original possessors of the country over which the banner of their great republic waves; and it is important that the poor Indian should be described by 3. Resolved, That congress has no power to construct the hand of a friend-not disposed to excuse his faults, roads and canals in the states, with or without the assent but willing to render justice to his good qualities. We of the states, in whose limits those internal improvements know the Indian chiefly as a savage warrior, crafty and are made; the authority of congress extending no further reckless-but we desire to know him as a man, as a mem-than to pass the 'necessary and proper laws' to carry into ber of the great human family; that, when all his tribes execution their enumerated powers. shall disappear, (as we fear that they must in our land), a faithful history of him may remain for the use of posterity; and perchance, hand down something that will be ereditable to our efforts to mete some small measure of justice to the rude and wild sons of the forest.

BANK OF THE U. S. We intend soon to publish so much of the debate in the house of representatives, on Mr. P. P. Barbour's proposition, as shall present a pretty clear view of the ground taken by that gentleman, and his opponents.

the national funds, excepting for national purposes; and 4. Resolved, That congress has no right to appropriate that no purpose can be deemed to be national, which cannot be referred to the specified objects in the constitution.

5. Resolved, That the American Colonization Society is not an object of national interest, and that congress has no power, in any way, to patronize, or direct appropriations for the benefit of this or any other society."

6. Resolved, That our senators in congress be instructed, and our representatives requested, to continue to oppose every increase of the tariff, with a view to protect The discussion had effect to reduce the price of the pose of internal improvement of the United States, and domestic manufactures, and all appropriations to the purstock in New York from 234 to 214, though no one sup-all appropriations in favor of the colonization society, or posed that Mr. Barbour's motion would prevail. Public the patronage of the same, either directly or indirectly, and private credit are matters of greatest delicacy. We by the general government. do not agree, however, with the opinion, that the decided vote of the house of representatives against the motion, 174 to 9, is conclusive in favor of a renewal of the char-morial of an important character was laid before the lcGEORGIA. The "Milledgeville Journal" says “a meter of the bank. There will be time enough, six or segislature on Tuesday last. It came from Mr. John ven years hence, to meet that question; and when it is Schley, of Louisville, and asks the assistance of the lepresented, the principle of the establishment will come gislature, for the purpose of establishing manufactures in up for discussion. It has been intimated that politics-this state, so as to ascertain whether slave labor can be the transient things of the day, had something to do in Mr. Barbour's proceedings, and certain persons seemed ready enough to accept and support them as being such; but we are entirely satisfied that the mover, himself, had no sort of reference to them.

Oaro. It is mentioned as a gratifying circumstance, that two members of the present legislature of Ohio are natives of the state! There have been, in all, six such persons! No one will be surprised at this who recollects that but lately, the territory of this state, now populated by a million of free people, was possessed by the Indians.

profitably employed in the manufacture of coarse woollen and cotton goods. This is an important matter to Georgia.-In Virginia, measures have been adopted for the same purpose. And at first view it would seem that, in both states, they must be successful. For, even under the most unfavorable circumstances, it would seem that we ought to be able to manufacture these goods on better terms here, than to send the raw material to the north, have it converted into cloth there, and then pay for the transportation of it back again for our consumption." [This reasoning surely applies as well to the sending of cotton and wool across the Atlantic.]

The tariff" is complained of by a "Florida Plan*To all who have read the history of this case of miter," in a New Orleans paper, who states that the sugar sery and helplessness, as described by col. McKenney in crop of the United States is 50,000 hhds. a year- suy his tour to the lakes, it must be gratifying to be informed 60,000,000 lbs. on which the tariff causes the payment of that this interesting sufferer had so far recovered, last a bounty of 1,800,000 dollars in the duty that would be spring, as to be able to walk and see. levied upon it, if imported; a sum more than equal to the

whole amount of the duties collected on woollen goods received in 1826.

The CREEKS. From the Tuscumbia Patriot. For the last four or five days, our town has been thronged A report concerning the colonization society has been with Indians. About 739 Creeks, a part of the McIntosh made by a joint committee of the legislature of Georgia.party, arrived in Tuscumbia, on the 25th November, on We shall give it in extenso. It concludes with a resolu- their way to Arkansas, under the superintendance of col. tion denying power to congress to appropriate money to Brearley. General McIntosh, a son of the famous chief earry into effect the objects of the society, and protests of that name, and who is now the principal warrior of against the proceeding. the tribe, is in company. The following statement we publish at his request:

We have also a copy of a report made to the senate of the same state "on the tariff and internal improvements, On our way to our location, west of Mighty river, we which we shall also publish. It takes the uncommon stopped and stationed ourselves at Harpersville in the ground that the voice of the states, rather than of the peo-state of Alabama, and tarried there many weeks for ple, should be regarded in considering this subject; and some of the emigrants to come up, who were then behind. says that the powers assumed, of increasing the "tariff We received no hospitality from the citizens of that place, duties, will and ought to be RESISTED, in all and every but were harassed with attachments upon our property, shape that can possibly avert the crying injustice of such and thrown into confusion with false accounts. After we an unconstitutional measure." It concludes with a reso- had taken up our line of march from Harpersville, at a lution recommending that Georgia "will insist upon the late hour of the night, for our long journey, we were construction of that instrument [the constitution] contain- still disturbed by persons laying claim to property in our ed in the said report, AND WILL SUBMIT TO NO OTHER." possession, which had been obtained by us properly:This is strange language. We regret it exceedingly. Hoping to march our people along peaceably, we were It cannot have any other effect than to render persons who troubled with constables every five miles, with false pathink differently more resolute in their opinions, and what pers and we did not enjoy any peace until we came down is enacted by congress will be insisted upon and must be the mountain; then we marched along with peace and submitted to. A member in congress from that state, harmony-passed through many villages, and arrived at swore "by h n" that Georgia would not submit to Tuscumbia, where we encamped for a few days, intendthe act of 1824-yet another from Pennsylvania resisted ing to take boats down the waters of the Tennessee, and that oath, and the law was passed. But the report is not so on to Mighty river. Here we have remained several yet adopted, and will, no doubt, be modified before it days, and have received all kind of hospitality and good shall be accepted by the legislature of the state-under treatment. The citizens of Tuscumbia have treated us a conviction that Rhode Island has the same right to re-like brothers, and our old helpless women were furnishport and resolve on the other side of the question, being ed by the good women of the town with clothing. On as independent and sovereign as Georgia-and may as Tuesday the 29th of November, the law of our Great well threaten congress for a sin of omission, as can the Father above was explained to us; and our people were other for one of commission; and, between the two, the glad to hear it. As long as our nation remains upon the uational legislature would be "in a bad way," indeed! earth, we will recollect Tuscumbia. CHILLEY MCINTOSH. Tuscumbia, Alabama, November 30, 1827.

GREECE. The letters from Messrs. Howe, Miller and Russ, agents for distributing the charities of persons in the United States to the Greeks, describe the condition of this long-oppressed and much abused nation in most melancholy terms. To murder the husband and his children, before the eyes of a mother, then violate her, and cut off her nose or lips, and drive her out of her home nearly naked, appears to be a common affair; one about which the Turk has no compunction!-and the conflagration of their cottages and waste of their fields, denies them both shelter and food. Fearful, we apprehend, have been the ravages of Ibrahim since the destruction of his fleet-the hope, however, may be cherished that that ravenous and foul barbarian will only have power to do harm for a season; and that a severe retaliation awaits him and the agents of his crimes.

INDIAN SCHOOLS. One of the documents accompanying the president's message contains a detailed statement of the number and expense of the schools maintained by the government of the United States amongst the Indian tribes and elsewhere, for the education of Indian children, the number of teachers, of pupils, &c. by which we perceive that there are forty schools, having 1291 pupils, the whole expense of which, for the year, has been $7000. The teachers are furnished exclusively by the missionary and other humane societies, and the number is about 120.

THE DELAWARE, ship of the line, is nearly fitted out at Norfolk, and will soon proceed for the Mediterranean under the command of captain Downes. The Norfolk In subsequent pages will be found many interesting papers say that she is decidedly the finest as well as the particulars relative to the battle in the bay of Navarino-largest ship in the American navy. It is reported that which we regard as the most important occurrence that she will come up to Annapolis and remain a few days, has happened for several years. for the inspection of members of congress and others disposed to visit her.

1

BUENOS AYRES. The currency is in a very bad state -doubloons being worth trom 62 to 65 dollars, and a OUR SQUADRON in the Mediterranean, it is stated, in Spanish dollar selling at two dollars and a half-on the anticipation of a rupture between the allies and the 25th August last. Yet a new loan was about being nego-Tarks, had taken a station at Smyrna, to afford shelter to the Christians of that city, in case of violences offered to them.

ciated.

"THE COLONIAL ADVOCATE," a spirited paper, published at York, Upper Canada, bas re-appeared, as bold and venturous as ever. It is about a year since that the office was destroyed in open day, by officers of the government, in the presence of some of the superior of their police, a history of which is given at full length. There is a spirit in Canada that, if not mastered, will become the master before long. The present state of ferment cannot last. The royal party, however, commands the "purse and the sword," and the people seem too weak to afford another instance of "successful rebellion," unaided.

CANADA. The London Morning Chronicle, adverting to the political disputes in Canada, expresses itself thus: the Canadian parliament a permanent vote of supply—that "Lord Dalhousie's great object has been to obtain from is, to obtain from them a surrender of their own power. It is observed in private life, that few wives had ever made over their property to their husbands, or fathers given all up to their children, without having cause to repent their confidence, The Canadian parliament, were it, instead of voting the supplies annually, to vote them permanently, would soon probably have equal cause to repent its conDR. JACOB JAMISON, of Buffalo, N. Y. a native of the fidence. That lord Dalhousie should have allowed himSeneca tribe, has been appointed a surgeon's mate in the self to be persuaded that a body of men, identified with navy of the United States--perhaps, the first of his race their constituents, and impregnated with Yankee notions, thus distinguished. He was regularly educated at Dart-would be so much enamored of him, as to sacrifice them mouth college, and obtained his degree in the medical college of Fairfield.

selves to do him pleasure, argues in that nobleman the posession of more self-sufficiency than discernment

THE AFRICAN COLONY. The brig Nautillus lately | Jackson" are in the minority in both branches of the lesailed from Norfolk with one hundred and sixty-four gislature of Ohio. e higrants for Liberia. They are chiefly persons who had been under care of the society of Friends, or Quakers, in North Carolina-and the whole were well fitted out and supplied.

Some of the most intelligent and respectable of our free people of color begin to emigrate. Such are exceedingly wanted in the colony; and all who are industrious and conduct themselves properly, appear to be doing well.

The Albany "Argus" decidedly rejects the idea of any change in the electoral law of New York.

We have published the "Clarkite" "Jackson ticket," for Georgia. The "Troupites" have also put forth one. It is intimated that one for Mr. Adams may be offered. Gov. Shulze has declined a nomination for the vice presidency, and it is thought that the "friends of the administration" will agree upon Mr. Pleasants, late governor of Virginia, and long a member of congress from that state.

GEN. SUMPTER. The legislature of South Carolina A legislative caucus has been held in Richmond, as to has recently performed an act, in regard to one of its the election of president, preparatory to the convenrevolutionary worthie, characteristic of the generous tion, on the opposite side, to be held on the 8th of Janufeelings of the south. The veteran general SUMPTER ary. Be the result in this state what it may-it appears being largely indebted to the bank of the state, applica- to us that the electors never before were so much agitattion was made to the legislature by his friends, on bis be- ed and divided as they are now. A very large majority half, for some relief. The joint committee of the two of the present legislature, however, is opposed to the rehouses, to which the application was referred, recom-election of Mr. Adams. The caucus adjourned to meet mended that the state should assume the debt, and take again on the 14th January. his whole property at a valuation to be made by commissioners; but it was ultimately determined that the direc--and a convention of delegates from the different coun Much stir has seemingly been made in North Carolina tors should be instructed to indulge general Sumpter un- ties has been held at Raleigh, which nominated an elec til his death, not requiring him to pay interest, but re- toral ticket favorable to the present administration, and taining all the securities as they are. published an address, &c. Mr. Gaston, "anti Jackson," has been elected to congress in the place of Mr. Stauley, resigned, because of bad health." And Mr. Scott, a friend of the administration," has been elected solicitor general by the legislature. The vote was for Mr. Scott 107, Mr. Morehead 45, gen. Saunders 37. A majority of the legislature, however, is against the re-cloc

SHEEP. The Frankfort, Ky. Commentator says-Numerous droves of sheep, containing altogether, as many as five or six thousand head, have been driven through this town, westwardly, this fall. The whole number sold in this state may be computed at 20,000. The prices which they have brought have been only from thirty sev-ion of Mr. Adams. en and a half to seventy five cents, averaging about fifty cents a head! though a considerable portion were much improved by the merino cross.

Some movements, of an indefinite character as yet, have taken place in the legislature of Alabama, as to the presidential election.

speaker in the house of representatives of Kentucky. We have in another place notieed the contest for There is a great ferment in this state.

KENTUCKY. There was close voting to elect a speaker of the house of representatives. Messrs. Blackburn and Ward had each 47 votes-and then again 48 votes. The legislature of Maryland meets on Monday next. Seven or eight ballotings were had with the same result. It is supposed that the elections to be made by the assera, Mr. Ward was then withdrawn and Mr. Jeim Speed bly, will hinge upou the presidential question.

LATEST NEWS.

From London papers of the 19th No

Smith named-and the ballot stood 48 to 48. An additional member having arrived, decided the choice in favor of Mr. Smith, who is a friend of gen. Jackson. The "Spirit of '76," says that this election, was "not alto-vember. There is no further official intelligence from gether a party struggle." the Mediterranean-The following is a brief abstract of some of the things stated

Messrs. Calhoun and Chilton, have both resigned their claims to a seat in congress, and agreed to try the result of another election.

THE COMMITTEES.

Advices from Constantinople of the 27th Oct. mention that the news of the destruction of the fleet had created great confusion and dismay, but no excesses had yet Of the standing committees in taken place. The Reis Effendi had been disgraced and congress, the Washington Telegraph says "It will be confined, probably to lose his head. The Egyptian troops seen that the senate and the speaker, in the organization through the country, and being destroyed in detail by were in a state of mutiny and starvation, wandering of the committees of both houses, have acted on the re- the desperate Greeks. An extraordinary divan had assponsibility imposed upon then, and met the just expecta-sembled, and it is suggested that the sultan will submit tions of the people. It is said that the responsibility of to the dictation of the allied powers-which, however, legislation is now placed on the opposition. Let it be so." we do not believe that he will be permitted to do, if so disposed. The ambassadors had not left Constant nople, but a part of the allied fleet had repaired to the Dardanalles to protect or avenge them. Arrangements had been made to shelter the Christians at Smyrna. Of the the 26 "severely wounded" ou board the French admirai's ship, 23 amputations were deemed necessary. The Russians were dreadfully mauled by the fire from the batteries, and suffered much--the details not yet published. It is supposed that the Turks lost 5,000 men in the engagement.

ELECTIONS AND ELECTIONEERING. The pressure of other matter has kept back our usual notices of events under this head, until most of the items have become stale. The following are as briefly inserted as possible, to keep up the chain of information.

The convention of the "friends of the administration" in Louisiana, held at Baton Rouge, adopted the electoral ticket heretofore published, and issued an address to the people.

The contest for congress, in Kentucky, between Messrs. Chilton and Calhoun, to supply a vacancy, does not yet seem clearly stated-both have retired, and requested an "appeal to the people."

The accounts of the state of things in New York, as made out by the different parties, are incomprehensible. The politics of this great commonwealth have long been "past finding out." The "Argus" claims 30,602 votes for the "regular nomination" senatorial tickets-the "Advocate" says the "Jackson majority" was only 3,608. Many meetings of the "friends of the administration" have taken place in Kentucky, Ohio and Indiana-and some in Illinois and Missouri. The line between parties is every where drawing close. The friends of "general

A civil war still prevails in Catalonia-but many of the "rebels" had been killed, and others submitted. Don Miguel has not yet arrived in Portugal-and would not until some preliminary matters were settled.

The British consols, on the 19th November, from 86 1-8 fluctuated to 85 5-8, in consequence of the report of a general massacre at Smyrna, which was not traced to any creditable source.

DESTRUCTION OF THE TURKISH FLEET, &e In our last paper we gave all the leading articles pertaining to this important event, and now add other particulars, which, because of the great events that will pro bably succeed it, possess an unusual degree of interest.

The following are the papers referred to in the letter | shocking!-women and children dying every moment of from admiral Codrington.

No. I.-(Translation.)

The admirals commanding the squadrons of the three powers which signed the treaty of London, having met before Navarino, for the purpose of concerting the means of effecting the object specified in the said treaty, viz: an armistice de facto between the Turks and the Greeks, have set forth in the present protocol the result of their conference.

absolute starvation, and hardly any having better food than boiled grass! I have promised to send a small quantity of bread to the caves in the mountains, where these unfortunate wretches have taken refuge.

It is supposed that if Ibrahim remains in Greece, more than a third of its inhabitants will die of absolute starvation. No. III.

Statement made by the secretary to the capitana Bey, in the port of Navarino, October 21st, 1827.

3 Turkish line of battle ships; 1 Turkish admiral—84 guns, 850 men, 650 killed; 1 ditto, 84 guns, 850 men; 1 ditto, 76 guns, 850 men, 400 killed.

4 Egyptian double banked frigates-64 guns each, from 450 to 500 men.

15 Turkish frigates-48 guns, from 450 to 500 men. 18 Turkish corvettes, 8 Egyptian ditto-from 18 to 24 200 men.

4 Turkish brigs, 8 Egyptian ditto-19 guns, from 130 to 150 men.

5 Egyptian fire vessels. 35,000 Egyptian troops in the Morea, 4,000 of whom came with the above ships.

Considering that after the provisional suspension of hostilities, to which Ibrahim Pacha consented in his conference of the 25th of September last, with the English and French admirals, acting likewise in the name of the Russian admiral, the said pacha did, the very next day, violate his engagement by causing his fleet to come out, with a view to its proceeding to another point in the Morca: Considering that since the return of that fleet to the Navarino, in consequence of a second requisition addres-guns, sed to Ibrahim by admiral Codrington, who had met him near Patras, the troops of this pacha have not ceased carrying on a species of warfare more destructive and exterminating than before, putting women and children to the sword, burning the habitations, tearing up trees by the roots, in order to complete the devastation of the country: Considering that, with a view of putting a stop to the As the squadrons of the allied powers did not enter atrocities which exceed all that has hitherto taken place, Navarino with a hostile intention, but only to renew to the means of persuasion and conciliation, the representa- the commanders of the Turkish fleet propositions which tions made to the Turkish chiefs, and the advice given were to the advantage of the Grand Seignor himself, it is to Mehemet Ali and his son, have been treated as mock-not our intention to destroy what ships of the Ottoman eries, whilst they might, with one word, have suspended navy may yet remain, now that so signal a vengeance has the course of so many barbarities: been taken for the first cannon which has been ventured Considering that there only remains to the command-to be fired on the allied flags. ers of the allied squadrons the choice between three modes of fulfilling the intentions of their respective courts, namely:

No. IV. (Translation.)

We send, therefore, one of the Turkish captains, fallen into our hands as prisoner, to make known to Ibrahim pacha, Mouharem bey, Tahir pacha and capitana Bey, 1st. That continuing, throughout the whole of the as well as to all the other Turkish chiefs, that if one winter, a blockade, difficult, expensive, and perhaps use- single musket or cannon shot be again fired on a ship or less, since a storm may disperse the squadrons, and af-boat of the allied powers, we shall immediately destroy ford to Ibrahim the facility of conveying his destroying all the remaining vessels as well as the forts of Navarino, army to different points of the Morea and the islands. and that we shall consider such new act of hostility as 2dly. The uniting the allied squadron in Navarino it- a formal declaration of the porte against the three alself, and securing by this permanent presence, the inac-lied powers, and which the grand scignor and his pachas tion of the Ottoman fleets; but which mode alone leads must suffer the terrible consequences. to no termination, since the porte persists in not changing its system.

3dly. The proceeding to take a position with the squadrons in Navarino, in order to renew to Ibrahim propositions which, entering into the spirit of the treaty, were evidently to the advantage of the porte itself.

sunset.

Signed by the English, French and Russian admirals.
No. V.

But if the Turkish chiefs, acknowledging the aggression they have committed by commencing the firing, abstain from any act of hostility, we shall resume those terms of good understanding which they have themselves interrupted. In this case they will have the white flag hoisted on all the forts before the end of this day. We After having taken these three modes into considera-demand a categorical answer, without evasion, before tion, we have unanimously agreed that this third mode may, without effusion of blood and without hostilities, but simply by the imposing presence of the squadrons, produce a determination leading to the third object. We have in consequence adopted it, and set it forth in the present potocol. October 18, 1827. (Signed) EDWARD CODRINGTON, Vice admiral and commander in chief of his Britannic majesty's ships and vessels in the Mediterranean. LOUIS, COUNT DE HEIDEN, Rear admiral of his imperial majesty the emperor of all the Russias. Kear admiral H. DE RIGNY, Commanding the squadron of his most Christian majesty. No. II.

Extract of a letter from captain Hamilton, of his majesty's ship Cambrian, to vice-admiral sir Edward Codrington, dated Kitries, the 18th October, 1827.

His Britannic majesty's ship Asia. Navarino, 23d Ŏctober, 1827. Monsieur L'Admiral, When your excellency did me the honor of voluntarily placing yourself and the Russian squadron under my command, you gave me a right to judge of your conduct in that situation by making me in a great measure responsible for it. I take advantage then of that right to say, that I contemplated your way of leading your squadron into battle on the 20th with the greatest pleasure, that nothing can exceed the good management of the ships under your special direction, and that my having had you under my orders in that bloody and destructive engagement, will be one of the proudest events of my life. I have the honor to be, &c. (Signed) EDWARD CODRINGTON. To his excellency rear-admiral count Heiden, &c. N. B. The answer of the rear-admiral count Heiden, does not appear to have been received.

I have the honor of informing you that I arrived here yesterday morning, in company with the Russian frigate Constantine, the captain of which ship had placed himself under my orders. On entering the gulph we observed, His Britannic majesty's ship Asia, by clouds of fire and smoke, that the work of devastation Navarino, October 23, 1827. was still going on. The ships were anchored off the pass Monsieur L'Admiral. When your excellency did me of Ancyro, and a joint letter from myself and the Russian the honor of voluntarily placing yourself and the French captain was despatched to the Turkish commander, a copy squadron under my command, you gave me a right to of which I inclose; the Russian and English officers, the judge of that situation, by making me in a great measure bearers of it, were not allowed to proceed to head quar-responsible for it. I take advantage then of that right to ters, nor have we yet received any answer. In the after- say, that I contemplated your way of leading your squadnoon, we, the two captains, went on shore, to the Greek ron into battle on the 20th, with the greatest pleasure, quarters, and were received with the greatest enthusiasm. that nothing can exceed the good management of the ships The distress of the inhabitants driven from the plain, isander your special direction, and that my having had you