Coronado, population 5,425 (1930 census), a summer and winter resort opposite San Diego, is of no commercial importance. It is connected to San Diego by passenger and automobile ferry. The Coronado Hotel is prominent from seaward, and the southern tower is shown on the harbor chart.

North Island is low and flat and is an extensive aviation field. The tower of the naval administration building shown on chart 5107 is an important landmark.

Channels. The entrance channel, across the bar to Ballast Point, has a project width of 800 feet and a depth of 40 feet (12.2 m) at mean lower low water. The controlling depth (March 1934) was 40 feet (12.2 m). It is marked by buoys, some of which is lighted, and by a lighted range.

A jetty has been built southward from Zuninga Point, on Zuninga Shoal, for a distance of about 7,500 feet. The outer half of this jetty is at present (1933) submerged.

The bay channel, project depth 35 feet (10.7 m), width 900 to 2,000 feet, extends from near Ballast Point to the turning basin (same project depth) off the municipal piers. The controlling depth in June 1933 was 35 feet (10.7 m). It is well marked by beacons (all lighted except no. 1) and buoys.

The channel above San Diego, project depth 20 feet (6.1 m), width 200 feet, had a controlling depth of 17 feet (5.2 m) in June 1933, and a least width of 600 feet between the 12-foot (3.7 m), curves to the old oil-products factory about 5 miles above San Diego. It is marked by buoys and beacons. The old wharf at this point has been entirely removed. There is a depth of 12 feet (3.7 m) in an unmarked channel for about 1 mile above this point.

A channel, including an approach, has been dredged across Dutch Flats, along the north shore of the bay. The channel has a controlling depth of 15 feet (4.6 m) at mean lower low water in January 1927, but subsequent shoaling has reduced this depth somewhat. The approach channel is marked by buoys. The channel is but little used.

A channel 11⁄2 mile long has been dredged northward from the end of the city bulkhead at the foot of Date Street to the fish canneries near the municipal airport. It has a width of 300 feet and a depth of 20 feet (6.1 m) at mean lower low water. This channel and the adjacent wharves are used principally by fishing and pleasure craft.

There is a dredged channel, marked by beacons, for entering Glorieta Bay, Coronado Island. This channel has least depths of 7 to 8 feet (2.1 to 2.4 m) at mean lower low water; however, a project is now (January 1934) under way to deepen the channel. Three sets of lighted ranges now mark the channel. This channel is used by small pleasure craft proceeding to the yacht club.

GENERAL REMARKS ON APPROACHING SAN DIEGO BAY

From seaward.-In clear weather vessels approaching from seaward will raise San Clemente Island, the southernmost of the Santa Barbara Islands, before the distinguishing features of the coast can be seen. This will check the vessel's position and indicate the

subsequent shaping of the course for Point Loma. Upon a nearer approach, Mount Cuyamaca and the high land of the interior, the Coronado Islands, and Point Loma will be distinguished. Several aero beacons in the vicinity of San Diego are visible from seaward. When up with the lighted whistle buoy 25% miles 184° true (S. by E. mag.) from Point Loma Lighthouse, follow directions, San Diego Bay.

Tanner bank covers an area about 15 miles long west-northwest and east-southeast, and about 4 miles wide. The least depth as far as known is 12 fathoms (21.9 m). The northwestern end of the bank lies about 27 miles southeastward from the eastern end of San Nicolas Island.

Cortes Bank, lying southward of Tanner Bank, covers an irregular area about 25 miles long and 8 miles wide. The depths are irregular, from 100 fathoms to 15 feet (183 to 4.6 m); this latter depth being found over Bishop Rock, near the southern end of the bank. The southern end of the bank lies 38 miles southwestward from the southern end of San Clemente Island.

Bishop Rock, on which the clipper ship Bishop struck in 1855, has but 15 feet (4.6 m) over it and is the shoalest point on Cortes Bank. It is located in latitude 32°27′ north and longitude 119°08′ west. This rock is the farthest outlying danger on the coast. The currents in this vicinity are variable in direction and have a velocity of from 1 to 2 knots.

In January 1920 the buoy broke adrift and when picked up it was found to have drifted in a direction 142° true (SE. 34 E. mag.) at a rate of a little over 1/2 mile per hour.

These currents cause considerable swell and even in moderate weather the rock usually shows a breaker. Navigators should use great care when in this vicinity. The rock is marked by a whistle buoy, and a special iron spar station buoy.

The

From southward.-Vessels from southward in clear weather will make Table Mountain and the high land in its vicinity and the Coronado Islands before raising Point Loma. The passage eastward of the Coronado Islands can be used with safety, and coasting steamers bound to or from Mexican ports frequently do so. depths in the vicinity of the Coronado Islands are irregular, and in thick weather or at night great caution must be exercised when near them. The passages between them should not be attempted. When up with the lighted whistle buoy follow the directions for San Diego Bay on page 39.

Aircraft bombing targets are established from time to time southward from San Diego Bay entrance. Notices of establishment and removal are given in the Weekly Notices to Mariners. Vessels should keep clear of the vicinity of these targets.

From northward.-Follow the directions for southbound vessels, page 27, to a position 23 miles southwestward of Point Loma Lighthouse. Then proceed as directed on page 39.

Prominent features-Table Mountain, 2,244 feet (684 m) high, lies in Mexican territory, about 24 miles southeastward from Point Loma and about 6 miles inland; it is flat-topped and a prominent landmark.

The Coronado Islands, in Mexican territory, are a group of three bare, rocky islands extending 42 miles in a west-northwest and east-southeast direction, about 7 miles offshore. The northwestern island, 467 feet (142 m) high, lies nearly 14 miles 192° true from Point Loma; the southeastern and largest is 672 feet (205 m) high. These are prominent in clear weather. The channel between them and the mainland is commonly used by steamers.

Point Loma, the western point at the entrance, is the southern point of a ridge about 400 feet (122 m) high and 51⁄2 miles long in a north and south direction. It is bare of trees, except in the gullies, and where planted around the houses built near the summit; otherwise sparsely covered with grass, sagebrush, and cactus. At a distance it is usually raised as an island. Point Loma Lighthouse, situated on the southern extremity of the point, is a white skeleton tower; the light is flashing white (flash 12 seconds, eclipse 1311⁄2 seconds), 88 feet (26.8 m) above the water, and visible 15 miles; the fog signal is an air siren (blast 3 seconds, silent 17 seconds).

On a nearer approach the old tower on the highest part of the hill immediately back of the point will be made out. Other prominent objects along the crest of the ridge are the radio masts with a large black water tank close by, 21⁄2 miles northward from the light, and the glass dome surmounting the main building of the Theosophical Institute, 314 miles northward from the light.

The tower of the Naval Administration Building at the north point of the island, shows well from the entrance, while the high chimney at the Marine Barracks is prominent from the western portion of the bay. These features and others that are readily identified, are shown on charts 5105 and 5107 and afford the navigator means for determining his position frequently in navigating the bay.

Ballast Point, low and sandy, projects 3 mile northeastward from the eastern side of Point Loma, 1 mile northward from the lighthouse. Ballast Point Lighthouse and buildings are situated on the extremity of the point. There is deep water close up to the outer end of the point.

Anchorage can be had anywhere in the channel and off San Diego, except in a lane 1,000 feet wide, the center line of which extends southward from the south end of Atlantic Street (street along west water front of San Diego and leading to the Santa Fe Railroad wharf) to the ferry wharf at Coronado opposite. Anchorage can be had in the channel eastward of this lane in depths of 3 to 7 fathoms (5.5 to 12.8 m). A fairway must be left clear for passing vessels. Vessels outside the entrance, waiting for a pilot, will find good anchorage in 6 to 9 fathoms (11.0 to 16.4 m) anywhere eastward of the line joining the bell and whistling buoys.

The anchorage grounds above the municipal piers are usually occupied by naval craft when the fleet is in home waters. Fore and aft mooring is not required and during slack water the main channel is often partially obstructed by vessels tailing in different directions.

There is a yacht anchorage with depths of from 9 to 14 feet (2.7 to 4.3 m) off the yacht club wharf at Fisherman Point (Roseville). Lines of naval mooring buoys extend along midchannel and along the southwest side of the channel from a point 3⁄4 mile south

ward of Pier No. 1 to abreast of the naval destroyer base. Alexander Shoal, which formerly obstructed this area near the southwest side of the channel, has been removed to a least depth of 26 feet (7.9 m) at mean lower low water; however, depths less than 26 feet (7.9 m) remain in the vicinity just southeast of the former shoal and southwest of the lighted oil wharf.

Anchorage regulations prescribed by the city of San Diego are quoted below:

1. Vessels must not be anchored in the stream within 500 feet of any pipe line or cable passing under the waters of the bay, provided the course of such pipe line or cable be clearly indicated by signs or other sufficient means.

2. There must be a space 600 feet wide in the channel kept clear of all anchored or moored vessels.

3. A clear channel must always be kept for deep-laden vessels to pass through to National City.

4. There must at all times be maintained, free, open, and unobstructed passageways for steam ferryboats and other regular lines of steamers navigating the harbor of San Diego.

PORT FACILITIES

Pilots are usually employed by strangers. The pilot station is at Ballast Point, and pilots may be obtained by signaling the light station at Point Loma. If possible, vessels desiring a pilot should radio ahead, stating the expected time of arrival off the entrance. The following are extracts from the laws concerning pilotage:

The rates of pilotage for all vessels into or out of the harbor of San Diego shall be such reasonable rates as the board of pilot commissioners of San Diego shall from time to time fix and establish and not in any case to exceed $2 per foot (0.3 m) draft and 2 cents per ton for each and every net ton of registered measurement (for vessels having cargoes to be laden or unladen solely at the port of San Diego), and $1 per foot (0.3 m) registered measurement (for vessels having cargoes to be laden or unladen partly at the port of San Diego and partly elsewhere), and every vessel spoken inward or outward bound, except as hereinafter provided, shall pay said rates. A vessel is spoken by day by a pilot displaying the international "G", or by night displaying a torch or flare-up within a distance of 1 mile of the vessel; in all cases where inward bound vessels are not spoken until inside the bar, the rates of pilotage herein provided shall be reduced 50 percent.

All vessels sailing under enrollment and licensed and engaged in the coasting trade, between the port of San Diego and any other port of the United States, shall be exempt from all pilotage, unless a pilot is actually employed.

All foreign vessels and vessels from a foreign port or bound thereto, and all vessels sailing under a register between the port of San Diego and any other port of the United States, shall be liable for pilotage as providede above.

Vessels having no net registered tonnage are charged $4.25 per foot draft. Towboats.-Gas and diesel towboats ranging from 50 to 250 horsepower are available. Rates vary from $5 to $15 per hour. Naval tugs and Coast Guard cutters are based at San Diego and are available in emergencies.

Quarantine is enforced in accordance with the regulations of the United States Public Health Service. The quarantine station is at LaPlaya, and vessels subject to visitation do not go beyond until they have been granted pratique. The boarding boat meets the vessel between the bar and La Playa.

Marine Hospital.-The Public Health Service maintains a medical relief station at 722 Electric Building in charge of a service officer.

Customs. San Diego is the headquarters of the San Diego customs collection district. The customs offices are located in the Federal Building on F Street, between State and Union Streets.

Immigration.-Immigration officials are stationed at San Diego for the inspection of passengers and crews of incoming vessels in the foreign trade. Such vessels are boarded by inspectors at the quarantine pier or in the stream.

Supplies.-Fuel oil may be had in any quantity from the oil docks with depths of 26 feet (7.9 m) alongside. Arrangements may be made also to fuel from barges. Coal bunkers are no longer maintained in San Diego, but coal can be supplied by arrangement.

The

Fresh water may be had at the wharves or by water boat. city water is satisfactory both for drinking and boiler purposes. Provisions and ship chandlers' stores may be had in San Diego.

Repairs.-There are no graving or floating dry docks in San Diego. There are, however, several marine railways equipped for the repair of small vessels. Vessels up to 30-foot beam, 150-foot length, can be hauled out at two of the plants.

Communications.-San Diego has direct transcontinental railway connection, and has communications with points north and south by rail and coasting steamers. There are complete telegraph, telephone, and radio facilities. It is a port of call for many of the intercoastal steamship lines. Several aerial transport companies maintain regular air service with San Diego. The municipal airport is only 1 mile north of the municipal piers.

Aero beacons.-There is an aero beacon located on the tower of the Naval Administration Building at the Naval Air Station on North Island. There is another beacon on San Miguel Mountain at an elevation of 2,638 feet (804 m).

For detailed information concerning port conditions, facilities, regulations, rates, commerce, and communications consult Port Series No. 13, part 2, prepared by the Corps of Engineers, United States Army, in cooperation with the Bureau of Operations, United States Shipping Board.

Harbor regulations are enforced by the port_director, with offices in the Harbor Administration Building near Broadway Pier. The rates for dockage (the charge made for vessels occupying berths at the wharves or moored in the slips) are as follows:

For the first 200 tons or less, 1 cent per ton (net tonnage), for each additional ton above 200 tons, three-eighths of 1 cent per ton. Half rates shall be charged as follows:

1. Vessels with no cargo on board while lying idle at a wharf.

2. Vessels discharging, loading, or lying idle while occupying outside berths. 3. Vessels while moored in docks, slips, basins, or canals.

4. Vessel with no cargo on board while undergoing repairs.

5. Vessels taking on fresh water.

Toll rates (the charge made on merchandise passing over the city premises) and wharfage charges (charge made on merchandise left on city premises) vary with the class of freight. Rates can be had from the port director upon application.

A complete set of harbor regulations may be had upon application to the port director.