and there are farmhouses on both sides of the bay. A small sawmill is located here.

Carr Inlet is described under a separate heading following.

Balch Passage, between McNeil and Anderson Islands, is the channel most used by vessels bound to Olympia; it is 2 miles long, with an average width of 5% mile, and connects at its western end with Drayton Passage.

The Federal penitentiary, on the southeastern side of McNeil Island, 4 mile southwestward of Hyde Point, is prominent when approaching. It has a wharf, built out to 17 feet (5.2 m) at mean lower low water, which is lighted by a row of lights. Fresh water is piped to the end of the wharf. Bee is an automobile ferry landing on the south side of McNeil Island, 1 mile westward of the penitentiary. The ferry connects with Steilacoom, Anderson Island landing, and Longbranch.

Eagle Island, small, low, and wooded, lies near the middle of Balch Passage, 1 mile from Anderson Island, and is marked on its northern end by a fixed white post light. On the shore of Anderson Island southward from Eagle Island is a small private landing. Just west of this wharve is Yoman post office, with a float landing. Eagle Island Reef, with 5 feet (1.5 m) over it, lies 300 yards westward from Eagle Ísland. The northwestern end of the reef is marked by a black spar buoy.

Ora Bay, in the southeastern part of Anderson Island, is an irregular bight, the greater part of which is shoal; it affords an indifferent anchorage in about 10 fathoms (18.3 m), but is affected by the currents and affords no protection in northerly weather. A small shoal arm extends about 1 mile northwestward from the west side of the bay. A wharf built out to 4 feet (1.2 m) at mean lower low water on the west side of this arm serves Vega, a small post village. A long submerged spit extends from the south entrance point of the arm almost to the small bight on the opposite shore. Care should be taken to clear this shoal.

Drayton Passage, westward of Anderson Island, is about 3 miles long in a north and south direction and about 1 mile wide, connecting with Pitt and Balch Passages at its north end and at its southern end with the western part of Nisqually Reach. With the exception of a spit extending 1/4 mile from the western shore 1 mile northward of the southern entrance and marked by a fixed red light, the waters are deep and free from hidden dangers. Filuce Bay, on the western shore at the junction of Pitt Passage, is 12 miles long and irregular in shape. Its widest part, 3% mile, is at the entrance. Good anchorage in 7 to 8 fathoms (12.8 to 14.6 m), muddy bottom, is afforded 1/4 mile inside the entrance. There are numerous houses around the shores of this bay, and Longbranch, a post town of 300 inhabitants (1930 census), with a wharf built out to 9 feet (2.7 m), is in the small cove 5% mile from and opposite the entrance. An automobile ferry connects with Anderson Island Landing, Bee, and Steilacoom. A small freight vessel calls here.

Amsterdam Bay, on the eastern shore of Drayton Passage, 34 mile northward of Point Treble, is shoal. There are several farmhouses along the shores of the bay.

Pitt Passage, westward of McNeil Island, connects Drayton Passage and Carr Inlet. It is badly obstructed about midway of its

length by Pitt Island and its surrounding rocks and shoals, and is used only by small craft with local knowledge, which use the passage east of Pitt Island. An electric-wire overhead crossing is just south of Pitt Island, with sufficient clearance for the small vessels which use the passage. Wyckoff Shoal, partly bare at low tide, extends 34 mile westward from the northwestern part of McNeil Island. Meridian, a small post village having a wharf built out to 4 feet (1.2 m), is situated on the eastern shore of the passage, 3⁄4 mile inside the southern entrance.

Devils Head, the western point at the southern entrance to Drayton Passage, is 280 feet (85 m) high and heavily wooded. From this point the shore, broken by two small shallow bights of no importance, extends northwestward for 5 miles and then bends northward, forming the eastern shore of Case Inlet, which is described under a separate heading following.

CARR INLET

enters the western shore 8 miles southward of Point Defiance. From the entrance between Fox and McNeil Islands it extends about 6 miles west-northwestward and then trends northward for 8 miles, terminating in flats at the head. Good anchorage is afforded at and near the head in 6 to 15 fathoms (11 to 27.4 m), soft bottom, and in several small coves on its southern and eastern shores. From the entrance a mid-channel course may be followed with safety.

Gibson Point, the south point of Fox Island and the north entrance point to the inlet, is marked by a fixed red post light.

Gertrude post village, population 265 (1930 census), is on the south side of Carr Inlet, in the bight on the north side of McNeil Island, southward of Gertrudis Island. It has a landing in 7 feet (2.1 m) of water. The bay is locally known as "Still Harbor.” A box factory is located here.

Delano is a summer resort on the south side of Carr Inlet, in the bight westward of South Head. It has a landing wharf which is dry at low water. The bight is shoal, a large part of it baring at low tide.

Lake Bay, population 250 (1930 census), in Mayo Cove, south side of Carr Inlet, is a post village with a landing wharf 350 feet long, dry at low tide. The cove is shoal except in the middle near the entrance. The channel to the wharf is difficult to navigate. Strangers are advised to proceed cautiously or to obtain local advice.

Home is a farming village of 200 people (1930 census) on the west side of Von Geldern Cove, which is locally known as "Joes. Bay." The wharf is reported to have 4 feet (1.2 m) of water alongside at low tide. A farming colony occupies the shores of the

cove.

Glen Cove is a small settlement in Glen Cove on the west side of Carr Inlet, 5 miles north-northwestward from South Head. A few piling remain at the site of the old wharf. A road leads across to Vaugn Bay on Case Inlet.

Elgin is a post village of 108 people (1930 census) on Huge Creek on the west side of Carr Inlet. The entrance to the creek is bare at low water. A number of old wooden ships have been beached and partially burned on the western shore of Carr Inlet near

Huge Creek. Considerable quantities of logs are towed from the creek.

Wauna is a post village of 25 inhabitants (1930 census) at the head of Carr Inlet, where the spit, inclosing Burley Lagoon, joins the mainland. A county road leads hence along the spit and across the entrance to the lagoon over a fixed bridge to Rosedale and Gig Harbor. The bridge has a vertical clearance of 18 feet (5.5 m) at high water. The landing wharf dries at low water. Burley is a post village of 150 people at the head of the lagoon.

Rosedale is a farming village of 317 inhabitants (1930 census) on the cove on the east side of Carr Inlet, eastward of Raft Island. The landing wharf is in ruins. There is an extensive shoal area around and between Raft and Cutts Island. The shores of these islands are strewn with boulders.

CASE INLET (NORTH BAY)

extends northwestward for 4 miles and then trends northward for 10 miles more, terminating in flats at the head, which is but 2 miles from the head of Hood Canal. Its average width is 11⁄2 miles, narrowing at the head. The depths are irregular, varying from 10 to 30 fathoms (18.3 to 55 m), but there are no outlying dangers. For 7 miles the western shore is formed by Harstine Island. Herron Island, steep and bluff on its western face, lies near the eastern shore 4 miles from the entrance; the channel eastward of the island is not recommended, as at the northern end it has a sharp turn and is obstructed by shoals making off from the island and from the eastern shore. At the northern end of Harstine Island is the entrance to Pickering Passage. Good anchorage may be had anywhere northward of Harstine Island, in 6 to 15 fathoms (11 to 27.4 m), muddy bottom, and a mid-channel course through the inlet is clear of all dangers to within 2 miles of the head, where the flats begin.

There are numerous farms and several small settlements, whose chief industries are oyster culture, farming, and a little logging. The flats near the head of the inlet are largely covered with oyster beds. Communication is had by highway and small freight vessels.

Ballow is a small village with float landing situated on the western shore of the inlet, 24 miles northwestward from Point Wilson, on the west side at the southern entrance to the inlet. McMicken Island lies 1⁄2 mile northward from the village and is connected with the shore by a flat, bare at low tide.

Herron, with wharf built out to 2 feet (0.6 m), is a small village on the eastern shore, 11⁄2 mile northward from Herron Island.

Pickering Passage enters the western shore of Case Inlet, 2 miles northwestward from Herron Island. The passage extends in a general southerly direction for 8 miles, connecting at its southern end with Peale Passage and Totten Inlet. The width varies from 14 to 11⁄2 mile, the shores are generally low and wooded, and the depths vary from 6 to 15 fathoms (11.0 to 27.4 m). Except for the shoals extending eastward from the mouth of Hammersley Inlet, the passage is free from outlying dangers, and a mid-channel course can be followed with safety. Numerous small farming settlements, generally consisting of 2 or 3 houses and a float landing or small wharf, are located along the shores of the passage. The settlements are

served by small local vessels. A small automobile ferry crosses the inlet 22 miles north of Hammersley Inlet.

Stretch Island lies near the western shore of Case Inlet, just northward of the entrance to Pickering Passage. The northern part of the island is partly cleared of trees and laid out in orchards. Two small grapejuice factories are located on the island. There is a private landing wharf built out to 7 feet (2.1 m) on the north end of the island. A highway bridge connects with the mainland. Grapeview is a post village of 100 people (1930 census) on the western shore of the inlet opposite the north end of Stretch Island. It has a wharf obstructed by rocks which have been dumped along its face, and which bare at low water.

Reach Island, lying 1⁄4 mile north of Stretch Island, is separated from the western shore by a shoal channel 1 mile wide, locally known as "Fair Harbor." A rock, baring at half tide, is reported near mid-channel opposite the center of the island. There is a float landing with little water on the western shore opposite the southern part of the island.

The small bay on the east side of the inlet, 22 miles northward of Herron Island, is known as "Dutcher Cove."

Vaughn, a post village of 300 people (1930 census), with a county wharf, which dries at low tide, is on the north shore of Vaughn Bay, on the eastern shore of the inlet, 4 miles from the head. Around the shores are numerous farmhouses and orchards. A county road leads hence to Glen Cove, on Carr Inlet, and connects with points north and south. A small sawmill is situated at the head of the bay.

Rocky Bay is the local name for the shoal bay northward of Vaughn Bay. It has many settlers about it. A float landing in 10 feet (3.0 m) of water is established northward of the point dividing the two bays and used at low tide when Vaughn Bay cannot be entered.

Allyn is a post village of about 20 houses on the west side of Case Inlet near the head 1/2 mile northward of Sherwood Creek. It has a landing wharf with about 4 feet (1.2 m) of water at low tide. Oyster culture is the principal industry in which many settlers here and around the head of the inlet are engaged, in addition to fruit raising.

Victor is a small village directly across (east) from Allyn. It has a wharf built out to 6 feet (1.8 m), but it is old and seldom used. Logging is carried on in the vicinity.

Eberhardt Cove is the local name of the small cove on the west side of Case Inlet 114 miles southward of Sherwood Creek.

BUDD INLET (OLYMPIA HARBOR)

(chart 6462) is 26 miles from Tacoma. It is 6 miles in length, with an average width of 1 mile, extending southward from Dana Passage and terminating in flats bare at low water. The entrance is 42 miles southwestward from Johnson Point Light, between Cooper Point and Dofflemyer Point, the latter being marked by an occulting white light on a white pyramidal tower 30 feet (9.1 m) above the water. The fog signal is an air horn with a blast every 15

seconds. The depths range from 42 to 6 fathoms (8.2 to 11.0 m), and good anchorage may be had anywhere inside the entrance in muddy bottom. The shores are comparatively low and wooded, and the depths shoal less abruptly on the eastern than on the western side of the inlet. The southern half of the bay is obstructed by flats and shoals that bare for 3/4 mile at low water, through which channels have been dredged to the Olympia water front, and a shoal with 5 to 15 feet (1.5 to 4.6 m) over it extends 700 yards from the eastern shore between Olympia Shoal and the entrance to the dredged channel.

Olympia Shoal lies % mile off the western shore and 34 mile northward of Butler Cove, a small_bight on the western shore, 4 miles southward of Cooper Point. It bares at extreme low water and is marked on its east side by a fixed red light. The channel to the westward of Olympia Shoal is marked by a flashing green light on the east and a flashing red light on the west.

The harbor has been improved by the Government by dredging a channel 300 feet wide and 30 feet (9.1 m) deep at mean lower low water, from deep water through the flats at the head of the inlet to Olympia, with a suitable turning basin off the city water front. A second (west) channel 12 feet (3.7 m) deep and 200 feet wide has been dredged along the western shore, but it has not been maintained since the east channel has been deepened.

The eastern or main channel is marked by a flashing white light an entrance range (fixed red lights), an inner range (fixed red lights), and by buoys.

Olympia, the capital of the State, with a population of 11,736 by the census of 1930, is situated at the head of Budd Inlet. It is rapidly growing in importance as an overseas port. Lumber and logs comprise over 90 percent of the water-borne traffic of the port. The east side and end of the main dredged channel is the only part of Olympia Harbor with wharves open to public use. The port terminal is the principal wharf. It is 1,834 feet long, with berthing space for its full length and a depth of 35 feet (10.7 m) alongside at mean lower low water. The industrial plants, chiefly lumber mills, are located in shoal portions of the harbor along the west and southeast shores and either lighter their products to vessels or move them by trucks or cars to the port terminal. A number of landing floats for yachts are maintained just westward of the end of the main channel.

Landmark. The capitol dome is the most prominent object in this vicinity. It is conspicuous from the entrance of Budd Inlet. Pilots and quarantine.-The same procedure applies as at Tacoma.

Marine hospital.-The Public Health Service maintains a medical relief station and a contract hospital at Olympia.

Customs. A deputy collector of customs maintains an office at the port terminal. There are no customs warehouses and no bonded warehouses in Olympia.

Towboats.-Two towing companies maintain headquarters at Olympia. The tugs are small, the maximum having 180 horsepower. Supplies.-Water, provisions, and a moderate amount of ship chandler's stores can be obtained. Diesel oil and gasoline are available at two oil wharves.